Understanding The Impact Of Social, Economic And Geographic Disadvantage On The Health Of Australians In Mid - Later Lif
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,943,571.00
Summary
This research will examine the ways in which social, economic and environmental factors contribute to the health of Australians in mid to later life. It will help identify ways in which policy and preventive programs can contribute to improving health in mid to later life particularly among disadvantaged Australians. We will explore in detail social, economic and environmental factors in 100,000 people aged 45 and over; this will be the largest study of its kind ever undertaken in Australia. We ....This research will examine the ways in which social, economic and environmental factors contribute to the health of Australians in mid to later life. It will help identify ways in which policy and preventive programs can contribute to improving health in mid to later life particularly among disadvantaged Australians. We will explore in detail social, economic and environmental factors in 100,000 people aged 45 and over; this will be the largest study of its kind ever undertaken in Australia. We will examine the relationship between these social, economic factors, and lifestyle factors such as smoking, physical activity, environmental and obesity. This will enable us to identify where programs and policies should be directed to most rapidly improve the health of disadvantaged Australians.Read moreRead less
Novel Modelling To Improve Decision-making For Neighbourhood Design To Reduce Chronic Disease Risk
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$901,564.00
Summary
Research on urban design that might support liveability and health (the 20-minute neighbourhood concept) has used analytic methods that do not account for the complexity of urban environments. This study innovatively uses a flexible and applicable approach (Bayesian Networks) to show where neighbourhood features operate uniquely or not, which features can be prioritised, which are cost effective, and how much of each feature is needed to achieve improvement in reducing risk of chronic disease.
Determinants Of The Oral Health Of Adults Entering The Third Decade Life-stage
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$201,500.00
Summary
There has been a strong investment in the oral health of Australian children and their oral health has greatly improved. However, there are a number of indications that not all the gains in child and adolescent oral health are not carried through to the next life stage, adulthood. Somewhere in the intervening years, much of the gains in oral health invested in children and adolescents are dissipated. Hence, the purpose of this proposed research is to document the nature, distribution and determi ....There has been a strong investment in the oral health of Australian children and their oral health has greatly improved. However, there are a number of indications that not all the gains in child and adolescent oral health are not carried through to the next life stage, adulthood. Somewhere in the intervening years, much of the gains in oral health invested in children and adolescents are dissipated. Hence, the purpose of this proposed research is to document the nature, distribution and determinants of oral health among South Australian 29 year olds so as to identify points of intervention to maintain Australian's improved oral health further into adulthood. The specific aims of the research are to document the oral health of a cohort of 29 year olds describe their dental life history and key proximate influences on their oral health identify significant determinants of their oral health to compare the cohort with a representative SA sample of the same age. This project will approach some 3,763 29 year old adults who participated in earlier research as 13 year olds in 1988-89. It will also compare these adults with a random sample of 557 further 29 year olds from the SA Electoral Roll. Participants will be interviewed and then dentally examined, providing a range of key outcome measures on oral health status and explanatory factors from when they were 13 years old, their dental history and circumstances as 29 year olds. The research project is expected to provide detailed documentation of the prevalence and severity of oral disease and its distribution in an adult cohort, and exploration of the dental life history and current determinants of the oral disease observed. It is anticipated that the strength of hypothesised relationships of determinants will have direct policy implications.Read moreRead less
‘Defying The Odds’: Exploring The Impact Of Perinatal Outcomes, Maternal Social And Health Outcomes And Level Of Culturally Appropriate Service Availability On The Health Of Western Australian Aboriginal Infants And Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$659,356.00
Summary
A healthy start to life is essential for life-long health. Currently, Aboriginal children have greater rates of death and hospitalisation than other Australians. This study will determine individual, community and service-related risk and protective factors for health outcomes among Aboriginal children (0-5yrs) using whole-of-population linked health data from multigenerational Aboriginal families in WA. Findings will support effective service development to help those at-risk ‘defy the odds’.
The impact of leader financial rewards on work group functioning. This project aims to investigate when and why organisational leaders’ financial rewards improve or undermine social group functioning. Leaders’ pay has increased markedly in recent years, fuelling debate about the impacts on organisational functioning. While some studies have found high leader rewards have positive effects on group outcomes, others found negative or no effects. Expected outcomes include data on the effects of lead ....The impact of leader financial rewards on work group functioning. This project aims to investigate when and why organisational leaders’ financial rewards improve or undermine social group functioning. Leaders’ pay has increased markedly in recent years, fuelling debate about the impacts on organisational functioning. While some studies have found high leader rewards have positive effects on group outcomes, others found negative or no effects. Expected outcomes include data on the effects of leader rewards on social identification with the group and contribution to collective goals, that will help policy-makers design reward systems that optimise functioning. This has the potential to significantly benefit Australian business and organisations to facilitate high-functioning groups and improve productivity.Read moreRead less
Enhancing Knowledge About The Role Of Human Factors, Enforcement Practices, And Legislation In Australia And China To Inform The Development Of Culturally-specific Speed Management Strategies To Reduce Road Trauma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$384,756.00
Summary
Death and injury from speeding-related road crashes is a global public health crisis; thousands are killed on our roads daily. This project aims to reduce road trauma by better understanding speed management practices in Australia and China; two countries at different levels of road safety development. Legislation will be compared across jurisdictions and police and drivers in both countries will provide information to assist in developing speed management policy and practice to help save lives
Familial, Behavioural And Environmental Determinants Of Respiratory And Metabolic Fitness In Regional South Australia.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$287,321.00
Summary
South Australia is the fattest state in Australia. Limited health surveillance data suggests that Whyalla is fatter, less active, consumes more alcohol and has worse respiratory health than Adelaide. Obesity is linked to poorer respiratory health. Public concern over the effects of air pollution on the health of Whyalla families has prompted us to examine respiratory and metabolic health in Whyalla families in comparison to those in the north-west suburbs of Adelaide.
A Case Control Study Of Hypertension In The Setting Of Poverty, Overcrowding And Infection.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$603,331.00
Summary
It is unclear why chronic diseases are emerging in regions of significant disadvantage, i.e. where people are not overweight, are physically active and relatively young. We aim to identify factors responsible for the development of high blood pressure in a region where there is overcrowding, poverty, and infection. Low cost strategies to modify risk and educate the community can then be developed to prevent the emergence of these diseases.