The Effectiveness Of A Community Based Program For Reducing The Incidence Of Falls Among The Elderly:A Randomized Trial.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$206,604.00
Summary
Falls are the leading cause of hospitalization due to injury in elderly people, and are associated with substantial medical and rehabilitation costs, as well as social isolation and premature institutionalization for a significant number of people who fall. This study aims to reduce the economic and social burden of falls. A randomized controlled trial will evaluate the impact of a community based falls prevention program (C-BF) with an at-risk elderly population. The intervention is designed to ....Falls are the leading cause of hospitalization due to injury in elderly people, and are associated with substantial medical and rehabilitation costs, as well as social isolation and premature institutionalization for a significant number of people who fall. This study aims to reduce the economic and social burden of falls. A randomized controlled trial will evaluate the impact of a community based falls prevention program (C-BF) with an at-risk elderly population. The intervention is designed to improve elderly people's capacity to follow through with effective falls prevention strategies and to manage risks in their everyday lives, and hence to reduce the rate at which they experience falls. The outcome of this project will be a user friendly manual that will document the program in enough detail so that it can be easily implemented by health care professionals.Read moreRead less
The Silent Buildings of Willow Court: testing a new and innovative model for cultural heritage assessment. This pilot project is fuelled by an urgent need to assess the resources of the historic Willow Court Precinct, Australia's longest serving mental health facility (1827-2000). The 18-hectare Precinct, with its now abandoned buildings, is located in one of Australia's most economically deprived regions, Tasmania's Derwent River Valley. In June 2002 the Precinct was acquired by the local Counc ....The Silent Buildings of Willow Court: testing a new and innovative model for cultural heritage assessment. This pilot project is fuelled by an urgent need to assess the resources of the historic Willow Court Precinct, Australia's longest serving mental health facility (1827-2000). The 18-hectare Precinct, with its now abandoned buildings, is located in one of Australia's most economically deprived regions, Tasmania's Derwent River Valley. In June 2002 the Precinct was acquired by the local Council. At the same time, a theoretical model for measuring the condition and pressures on historic sites was being developed by the state government's Cultural Heritage Advisory Group. This project will use the Willow Court Precinct to test the model.Read moreRead less
Predicting The Individual Risk Of Prostate Cancer In Australian Men
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$348,656.00
Summary
Prostate cancer is a major cause of disability and death in Australian men. A number of factors, particularly age and family history, influence the risk of prostate cancer but, in contrast to breast cancer, we don't know what is the risk of developing prostate cancer over a period of time for a man with a specific set of risk factors. In fact, while a number of statistical models have been developed that use a woman's risk factor profile to estimate her risk of breast cancer, none is currently a ....Prostate cancer is a major cause of disability and death in Australian men. A number of factors, particularly age and family history, influence the risk of prostate cancer but, in contrast to breast cancer, we don't know what is the risk of developing prostate cancer over a period of time for a man with a specific set of risk factors. In fact, while a number of statistical models have been developed that use a woman's risk factor profile to estimate her risk of breast cancer, none is currently available for prostate cancer. We will apply standard statistical methods to existing data from the Australian Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer study and from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare to develop a prostate cancer risk prediction model. We will test how factor like age, detailed family history, diet, baldness status and possibly previous PSA tests and prostate biopsies predict the risk. After developing the model, we will test the accuracy of the predictions in three ways. First, using existing data from the Australian Prostate Cancer Family Study, we will see whether the number of cases in a group of men is close to the number predicted by the model (calibration). Second, to test whether the model discriminate well men who develop prostate cancer from those who do not, we will collect family trees in a sample from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. We will use these data also to estimate the optimal cut point: men above this level of risk will be considered at high risk. Third, we will apply the model to existing data from the Dutch Prostate Cancer Family Study (DPCFS) to test whether the optimal cut point identify high-risk men and to validate the model in a non-Australian population. Finally, we will prepare a computer package that health professionals will use as decision-making tool in different scenarios including individual cancer risk assessment, design of prevention trials and targeting prevention programs to high-risk men.Read moreRead less
Genetic Epidemiology Of Endometrial Cancer: Towards Understanding Aetiology And Improving Risk Prediction.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$353,573.00
Summary
Studies investigating thousands of genetic markers have revolutionised our understanding of genes involved in cancer, and shown that a single gene can be associated with multiple cancers. We will conduct the largest ever study to find new genes for endometrial cancer, the most common gynaecological cancer. Our unique approach will examine >11million markers across the genome, some specifically in regions known to be important for other cancers. Findings will be used for risk prediction models ....Studies investigating thousands of genetic markers have revolutionised our understanding of genes involved in cancer, and shown that a single gene can be associated with multiple cancers. We will conduct the largest ever study to find new genes for endometrial cancer, the most common gynaecological cancer. Our unique approach will examine >11million markers across the genome, some specifically in regions known to be important for other cancers. Findings will be used for risk prediction models.Read moreRead less
Clinical, Environmental And Genetic Factors And The Risk Of Oesophageal Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$145,685.00
Summary
Oesophageal cancer is a rapidly fatal disease which is becoming more common in Australia, the United States and other industrialised nations. This study will examine the mechanisms leading to the development of oesophageal cancer and aims to measure the effects of genes and environment on the burden of cancer. Ultimately, this research will help target persons at highest risk so that screening, prevention and surveillance efforts can be directed more effectively.
Modelling Of Clinic And Ambulatory Blood Pressure On Cardiovascular Risk And Outcomes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$133,957.00
Summary
Whilst ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data has been shown to be a good predictor of cardiovascular events, there remains controversy as to its utility in clinical practice. This project will use data from existing population and clinical cohort studies to examine the role of ambulatory blood pressure in risk assessment and hypertension management in Australia and around the globe. The findings are likely to have a major impact on clinical guidelines for hypertension management.
Intelligent Total Body Scanner For Early Detection Of Melanoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$499,963.00
Summary
Melanoma is the 4th most common cancer in Australia; the main screening tool is a time-consuming total body examination with a hand-held dermoscope. This project aims to develop a total body scanner using fast-refocusing lenses to take total body dermoscopy images of all skin lesions in approximately 6 minutes, integrated with a computer aided diagnostic tool providing a risk score for each lesion incorporating medical history, genotypic and phenotypic risk markers.
Obesity, Pre-diabetes And Future Risk Of Diabetes: Maximising The Evidence, Minimising The Cost
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$470,136.00
Summary
The overarching aim of this proposal is to reliably determine how best to identify people at high risk of developing future diabetes. We will do this by using information on biological and behavioural risk factors that was collected on nearly 200,000 people many years ago and who were subsequently followed up to see who developed diabetes. This information will be used to create a risk prediction tool for spotting individuals most at risk of developing diabetes at some point in the future.
Young Onset Colorectal Cancer: Genetics Pathology And Environment
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$439,180.00
Summary
There has been a steady increase since 2002, in the age-standardised incidence of CRC in males under 45 years in Australia, contrasting with the stabilisation in incidence of CRC in males of age 45 years and over. Persons under 50 years are not routinely screened unless they have a significant family history of CRC. Young-onset rectal cancer is associated with late presentations and with a higher mortality. This proposal will address the possible risk factors for young-onset CRC.