Cognitive neuroscience of spatial asymmetry: behaviour, genes and brain imaging. When humans distribute their attention in space, biases or asymmetries of spatial attention exist. Healthy individuals exhibit a processing advantage favouring left space but this advantage is lost in disorders such as unilateral spatial neglect, ADHD and dyslexia. This project will develop novel electrophysiological methods to dissociate the sensory, attentional, decision-making and motoric contributions to spatial ....Cognitive neuroscience of spatial asymmetry: behaviour, genes and brain imaging. When humans distribute their attention in space, biases or asymmetries of spatial attention exist. Healthy individuals exhibit a processing advantage favouring left space but this advantage is lost in disorders such as unilateral spatial neglect, ADHD and dyslexia. This project will develop novel electrophysiological methods to dissociate the sensory, attentional, decision-making and motoric contributions to spatial asymmetries. By interfacing electrophysiology with genetic, neurochemical and brain imaging methods, this project will comprehensively map the biology of spatial asymmetry. This knowledge is vital to developing effective treatments for disorders where atypical patterns of spatial asymmetry index neurological vulnerability.Read moreRead less
The causes of intrusive memories. Intrusive memories are pivotal to many psychological disorders. This project will extend current models of intrusive memories by integrating biological, cognitive, and neural measures to specify the causes of these memories.
Placing prediction into the fear circuit. How do we predict danger in our world? This project will identify the psychological mechanisms and brain pathways that allow us to learn to fear and to also overcome fear when it becomes pathological.
Early puberty and brain development: exploring the neurobiology of adolescent mental health. Pubertal-onset mental disorders are the largest contributor to later adult mental disorders. However, compared to other phases of development, puberty and its disorders remain poorly understood. This study, by examining the neurobiological consequences of early exposure to puberty, will enhance our understanding of these pubertal risk processes.
The extinction of human fear. Excessive fear negatively impacts the lives of many Australians - so how can we increase the effectiveness of exposure based treatments to reduce human fear? The present basic research will investigate the process thought to underlie exposure-based treatments, extinction of human fear learning, in order to answer this applied question.
Determining the physical and temporal properties of a person's inner speech. Inner speech refers to the silent production of words in one's mind. While inner speech has long been assumed to be unquantifiable, we have recently demonstrated an ability to decipher the content a person's inner speech using an objective electrophysiological marker. In this project, we will extend upon this work and use our marker to establish the physical and temporal properties of a person's inner speech, such as it ....Determining the physical and temporal properties of a person's inner speech. Inner speech refers to the silent production of words in one's mind. While inner speech has long been assumed to be unquantifiable, we have recently demonstrated an ability to decipher the content a person's inner speech using an objective electrophysiological marker. In this project, we will extend upon this work and use our marker to establish the physical and temporal properties of a person's inner speech, such as its loudness, pitch, accent and temporal properties. Our hope is that our modified marker will be capable of determining what a person is saying in inner speech, when they are engaged in inner speech, and also how their inner voice sounds. This work has major implications with regards to technology, health, and basic science. Read moreRead less
The impact of motherhood on fear extinction in rats. This project aims to identify how motherhood, a time of significant hormonal flux, alters the mechanisms underlying fear regulation in female rats. Current theories of fear regulation are limited because they have been derived from studies that have focused on males but recent work suggests that sex hormones influence fear regulation. The expected outcomes of this project will help to develop a more ecologically valid model of fear regulation ....The impact of motherhood on fear extinction in rats. This project aims to identify how motherhood, a time of significant hormonal flux, alters the mechanisms underlying fear regulation in female rats. Current theories of fear regulation are limited because they have been derived from studies that have focused on males but recent work suggests that sex hormones influence fear regulation. The expected outcomes of this project will help to develop a more ecologically valid model of fear regulation that accounts for fluctuations in female sex hormones and reproductive experience. This should provide unique insights into fear reduction and protection against anxiety.Read moreRead less
Understanding the emotional brain in risk for depression. The burden of illness due to depression is enormous; family disruption, lost productivity and a high healthcare spend. There are no objective ways to target who will benefit most from preventative programs. This study will detail for the first time how genetic risk may develop into overt depression due to effects on emotional brain systems.
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE170100392
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$340,000.00
Summary
Impaired fear inhibition in adolescence. This project aims to test whether an imbalance in the adolescent brain impairs fear regulation. Recent evidence shows that adolescents, both rodent and human, do not effectively inhibit fear. This project will systematically isolate the role of specific neural circuits by selectively manipulating their activity in a cell type specific manner during fear inhibition in adolescent rats. Understanding neural processes that impair fear regulation during a vuln ....Impaired fear inhibition in adolescence. This project aims to test whether an imbalance in the adolescent brain impairs fear regulation. Recent evidence shows that adolescents, both rodent and human, do not effectively inhibit fear. This project will systematically isolate the role of specific neural circuits by selectively manipulating their activity in a cell type specific manner during fear inhibition in adolescent rats. Understanding neural processes that impair fear regulation during a vulnerable period of development could lead to a more complete neurobiological theory of fear regulation in adolescence, and improve treatments for anxious youth.Read moreRead less
A cross-species investigation of individual differences in fear regulation. This project aims to determine the utility of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), a naturally produced protein, as a biomarker of individual differences in fear responses, and as an enhancer of fear regulation. A cross-species translational approach will be employed, incorporating evidence from fear conditioning and extinction studies in rats, healthy humans, and clinical populations. The outcomes of this project are expe ....A cross-species investigation of individual differences in fear regulation. This project aims to determine the utility of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), a naturally produced protein, as a biomarker of individual differences in fear responses, and as an enhancer of fear regulation. A cross-species translational approach will be employed, incorporating evidence from fear conditioning and extinction studies in rats, healthy humans, and clinical populations. The outcomes of this project are expected to show how natural variations in FGF2 levels are related to resilience following adversity, and how manipulations that increase FGF2 levels can augment resilience. The intended outcomes may lead to improved ways of identifying people who are at risk of developing anxiety, and novel ways of treating anxiety.Read moreRead less