Primary classroom teacher-student interactions, cultural learning environments and their relationships with students' attitudes and understanding of science concepts. This project examines associations between teacher-student interactions and primary students' perceptions of cultural factors of learning environments with students' attitudes towards science and their understanding of science concepts. In the tradition of classroom environment research, the study will use interviews and questionna ....Primary classroom teacher-student interactions, cultural learning environments and their relationships with students' attitudes and understanding of science concepts. This project examines associations between teacher-student interactions and primary students' perceptions of cultural factors of learning environments with students' attitudes towards science and their understanding of science concepts. In the tradition of classroom environment research, the study will use interviews and questionnaires to obtain students' perceptions of their primary classrooms. In-depth studies will then be made of particular classrooms with the aim of enhancing the description of primary school science teaching. The project will lead to a systematic understanding of what is happening in primary school science and a direction for teachers to implement desirable changes in their teaching.Read moreRead less
Knowledge for teaching primary mathematics: How teachers' pedagogical content knowledge develops and affects classroom practices and students' mathematics achievement. The study will investigate mathematics teaching in upper primary school, to identify the influence of teachers? mathematics-specific pedagogical knowledge, first on teaching practice and subsequently on students? learning outcomes. Case study evidence shows this influence is strong, but statistical evidence shows it is weak. This ....Knowledge for teaching primary mathematics: How teachers' pedagogical content knowledge develops and affects classroom practices and students' mathematics achievement. The study will investigate mathematics teaching in upper primary school, to identify the influence of teachers? mathematics-specific pedagogical knowledge, first on teaching practice and subsequently on students? learning outcomes. Case study evidence shows this influence is strong, but statistical evidence shows it is weak. This study aims to resolve this paradox by employing quality data that probes the heart of teaching and learning mathematics within a statistical study. The growth of knowledge and classroom practices of teachers graduating from two contrasting pre-service programs will also be tracked, to inform recommendations on the nature of discipline-specific pedagogical knowledge in teacher training.Read moreRead less
Motivations for choosing teaching as a career and development in the profession: A multicohort longitudinal study of beginning teachers. Schooling contributes significantly to the preparation of young people for citizenship so it is essential for the social infrastructure of the country that State Governments, employing authorities, teacher educators, the Federal Government and recruitment bodies better understanding the different motivational profiles of those entering teacher education now and ....Motivations for choosing teaching as a career and development in the profession: A multicohort longitudinal study of beginning teachers. Schooling contributes significantly to the preparation of young people for citizenship so it is essential for the social infrastructure of the country that State Governments, employing authorities, teacher educators, the Federal Government and recruitment bodies better understanding the different motivational profiles of those entering teacher education now and why people are not retained in the profession, suffer burnout or become disgruntled less effective teachers. It is also critical that we better understand the link between motivations, self-efficacies and the support networks and strategies needed to sustain teachers in the profession, particularly in difficult to staff regions, districts and schools. Read moreRead less
The Benefits of Utilising Visual-Spatial Representations of Numbers . The aim of this project is to investigate how visual-spatial representations of numbers enhance practice to promote the use of retrieval-based over counting-based strategies for children learning early arithmetic. About one-third of Australian children stay reliant on counting strategies for basic arithmetic, despite these being associated with lower achievement in mathematics in later years. Expected outcomes of this project ....The Benefits of Utilising Visual-Spatial Representations of Numbers . The aim of this project is to investigate how visual-spatial representations of numbers enhance practice to promote the use of retrieval-based over counting-based strategies for children learning early arithmetic. About one-third of Australian children stay reliant on counting strategies for basic arithmetic, despite these being associated with lower achievement in mathematics in later years. Expected outcomes of this project are new understandings of how problem-answer associations can be strengthened in memory and the development of tools to promote retrieval-based strategies. Potential benefits include children who are better prepared to take on higher-level mathematics in secondary school and, subsequently, more numerate citizens. Read moreRead less
Individual, Institutional and Community 'Capacity Building' in a Cluster of Disadvantaged Schools and their Community. It is no longer ethically, socially or economically acceptable to have significant and growing proportions of the school population that are alienated, marginalised and excluded from a satisfying and rewarding educational experience. The national and community benefits for Australia expected from this research will be a better understanding of, and possibly alleviation of, the s ....Individual, Institutional and Community 'Capacity Building' in a Cluster of Disadvantaged Schools and their Community. It is no longer ethically, socially or economically acceptable to have significant and growing proportions of the school population that are alienated, marginalised and excluded from a satisfying and rewarding educational experience. The national and community benefits for Australia expected from this research will be a better understanding of, and possibly alleviation of, the structural educational impediments that operate on disadvantaged individuals, institutions and communities. It is in the national interest to have a society in which all its members, not just the privileged, gain lifelong benefit from a rewarding schooling experience.Read moreRead less
Biology of flowering plant male gametic cells in relation to fertilization. The world food supply is primarily dependent on plants. The continuation of an adequate food supply depends upon the success of fertilization that involves the fusion of the sperm cell with the egg cell. The entire process of fertilization can be manipulated once the specific molecules involved in its regulation have been identified. This project deals with the discovery of male gamete biomolecules involved in fertili ....Biology of flowering plant male gametic cells in relation to fertilization. The world food supply is primarily dependent on plants. The continuation of an adequate food supply depends upon the success of fertilization that involves the fusion of the sperm cell with the egg cell. The entire process of fertilization can be manipulated once the specific molecules involved in its regulation have been identified. This project deals with the discovery of male gamete biomolecules involved in fertilization. The knowledge obtained will have potential applications in developing novel breeding technologies for improved crop plants.Read moreRead less
Multiblock copolymer synthesis for nano-engineered materials. This project aims to develop methodology for environmentally friendly and industrially applicable synthesis of new types of advanced polymeric materials comprising multiblock copolymers. Polymeric materials play an important role in society with applications from bulk plastics to advanced technological applications. This would enable the creation of advanced materials with specific engineering targets and applications ranging from nan ....Multiblock copolymer synthesis for nano-engineered materials. This project aims to develop methodology for environmentally friendly and industrially applicable synthesis of new types of advanced polymeric materials comprising multiblock copolymers. Polymeric materials play an important role in society with applications from bulk plastics to advanced technological applications. This would enable the creation of advanced materials with specific engineering targets and applications ranging from nanomedicine to materials science.Read moreRead less
The role of optimism in collaborative problem-solving in mathematics: Building problem solving capacity. Integration of psychological and educational approaches is the strength of this proposal. The notion that student optimism may be key to strengthening problem-solving capacity in mathematics is new and exciting. Creative thinking, problem-solving, and mathematical proficiency are surely critical resources for Australia's future. Understanding how these human resources are nurtured and enhance ....The role of optimism in collaborative problem-solving in mathematics: Building problem solving capacity. Integration of psychological and educational approaches is the strength of this proposal. The notion that student optimism may be key to strengthening problem-solving capacity in mathematics is new and exciting. Creative thinking, problem-solving, and mathematical proficiency are surely critical resources for Australia's future. Understanding how these human resources are nurtured and enhanced informs pedagogies to increase academic performance. Whilst providing pedagogical insights, this study also informs the building of adolescent well-being, and the stimulating of interest in mathematics in 'ideas workers' for Australia's future-three outcomes advantageous to Australian society and the economy. Read moreRead less
Improved models to understand the genomic architecture of complex traits. This project aims to improve modelling of the genetics underlying complex traits. The project will develop and test models for using genome-wide genetic data to investigate how much heritability (genetic effect) underlies traits of interest, where it lies in the genome, and how much of it is shared across traits. The new models will be implemented in statistical algorithms in a freely-available software package. This proj ....Improved models to understand the genomic architecture of complex traits. This project aims to improve modelling of the genetics underlying complex traits. The project will develop and test models for using genome-wide genetic data to investigate how much heritability (genetic effect) underlies traits of interest, where it lies in the genome, and how much of it is shared across traits. The new models will be implemented in statistical algorithms in a freely-available software package. This project expects to increase understanding of biological mechanisms, the efficiency of genetic association analyses and the accuracy of genomic prediction, including the effects of interventions. The project will adapt human models to a wider range of organisms, in particular bacteria.Read moreRead less
Principal Aspirations and Recruitment amidst Leadership Disengagement. The research addresses the problem of principal shortages in a climate of leadership disengagement and why the principalship is becoming a less attractive career option for teachers. It will establish whether the principalship is part of teachers' professional goals and identities, and identify the factors conducive to, or inhibitory of, teachers' principalship aspirations. Qualitative and quantitative methods will be used ....Principal Aspirations and Recruitment amidst Leadership Disengagement. The research addresses the problem of principal shortages in a climate of leadership disengagement and why the principalship is becoming a less attractive career option for teachers. It will establish whether the principalship is part of teachers' professional goals and identities, and identify the factors conducive to, or inhibitory of, teachers' principalship aspirations. Qualitative and quantitative methods will be used to ascertain teachers' anticipated career profiles and leadership role perceptions in Victoria, Tasmania and Queensland. Research outcomes should lead to a review and possible redesign of the principal role, and influence significantly the states' succession planning policies and leadership development strategies.Read moreRead less