A New Direction For TB Control In Highly Endemic Countries: A RCT Of Active Case Finding
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,362,910.00
Summary
Tuberculosis is the number 1 health problem in Vietnam . Many people with TB do not know they have the disease but are infectious to others. Hence, the disease continues to spread. This project will investigate the role of x-ray screening to detect and treat more people with TB, particularly those who do not have symptoms. This may be an important element of future TB control programs in Vietnam and elsewhere in our region.
Determining The Impact Of Opioid Substitution Therapy Upon Mortality And Recidivism Among Prisoners: A 22-year Data Linkage Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$354,114.00
Summary
This study will quantify the impact of opioid substitution therapy (OST; methadone or buprenorphine) on two important outcomes for opioid dependent prisoners: mortality, particularly in the post-release period; and subsequent criminal activity. The study will have almost 600,000 person-years of follow-up over 22 years, allowing fine grained analyses of disadvantaged subpopulations. The study has clear implications for the health of this population, crime reductions, and cost savings.
A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Effectiveness Of 4RIF And 9INH For Treatment Of Latent TB Infection
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$496,875.00
Summary
Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is one intervention that is known to prevent the occurrence of active TB. Current treatment is based on a six to nine month course of isoniazid. The treatment has side effects in some people and many people do not complete the treatment. The present study is to test an alternative treatment regimen (4 months of rifampicin) which has fewer side-effects and is more likely to be completed.
Immunological And Respiratory Effects Among Workers Exposed To Engineered Nanoparticles
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$513,507.00
Summary
Laboratory studies suggest that nanoparticles can easily enter the body and may cause more damage than similar, larger particles but human data are lacking. We propose to study the health of nanoparticle-exposed workers and unexposed workers, and compare biomarkers of inflammation in the blood and the respiratory system at the start and end of the shift, end of the working week and after 1 year’s further exposure to nanoparticles.
A Phase Two Clinical Trial Of A Program Delivered By Aboriginal Health Workers To Prevent Early Childhood Caries In Aboriginal Children.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$553,905.00
Summary
The severe impact of early childhood dental caries on Aboriginal children highlights the need for the development of evidence-based community oral health strategies which are appropriate to the needs and resources of Aboriginal families and their health care services. This study responds to this need through the evaluation of a family centred oral health strategy developed in consultation with Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services which is delivered by Aboriginal Health Workers.
Vitamin D Supplementation To Prevent Respiratory Infections Among Indigenous Children In The Northern Territory: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$3,164,379.00
Summary
Acute respiratory infections remain unacceptably common among Indigenous children in the Northern Territory. Most Indigenous infants are born with suboptimal vitamin D levels and this is associated with an increased risk of ARI. We propose to conduct a clinical trial to determine whether daily vitamin D supplementation, during the third trimester of pregnancy and early infancy, can reduce the risk of infant ARI during the first 12 months of life.
A Novel Multi-gene Marker Blood Test To Increase Community Participation In Colorectal Cancer Screening.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$581,116.00
Summary
Bowel cancer screening programs are vital for early detection and prevention, but participation with the traditional faecal testing mode is less than 35%. Reasons include dislike or unsuitability for faecal testing. These barriers could be overcome and participation could increase using a different sampling mode for the screening test. We have developed a blood test for bowel cancer and will investigate if people who will not screen with the stool test will screen with the blood test instead.
Fall Prevention And Physical Activity Promotion For Older Adults: Cluster Trial Of Effectiveness And Cost-effectiveness
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,291,950.00
Summary
This cluster randomised controlled trial will establish the impact on physical activity and falls of an intervention program that targets both physical activity and falls using assessment, advice and health coaching. The trial will involve 60 established groups of older people, recruited from local chapters of community organisations including Probus, the Older Women’s Network, registered clubs and church groups (estimated average group size of 10; total n = 600).
My Baby's Movements: A Stepped Wedged Cluster Randomised Trial Of Maternal Awareness And Reporting Of Decreased Fetal Movements To Reduce Stillbirth
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,431,444.00
Summary
Stillbirth is devastating for parents and families. Many stillbirths occur late in pregnancy due to deteriorating health of the baby that can be detected by the mother through a decrease in the baby’s movements. 'My Baby's Movements’ is a personalised, user-controlled and interactive mobile phone tool provided as part of routine care to pregnant women to promote general awareness of their baby’s movements. This trial aims to reduce stillbirth rates by early reporting of decreased movements.
A Longitudinal Controlled Study To Prevent Early Childhood Caries From Ages 0-6 Years In A Disadvantaged Community In Queensland
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$695,788.00
Summary
Rampant dental decay in young children is very difficult to prevent. The study will follow a group of high risk children from birth to 6 years of age to test the effectiveness of antibacterial and remineralising agents to prevent dental decay. Our early results showed that these agents have good potential for removing decay-causing bacteria and preventing dental cavities. We expect our long term results will yield valuable information for dental prevention for young children worldwide.