Predicting the ecological and economic outcomes of trade. This project aims to understand and predict the effects of global trade on land use and biodiversity.Growth in international trade increases trade-mediated land-use by increasing demand for commodities directly or indirectly derived from the land. Accurate predictions of trade effects and opportunities would allow governments to maximise ecological and economic benefits and minimise effects through judicious planning and regulation, but s ....Predicting the ecological and economic outcomes of trade. This project aims to understand and predict the effects of global trade on land use and biodiversity.Growth in international trade increases trade-mediated land-use by increasing demand for commodities directly or indirectly derived from the land. Accurate predictions of trade effects and opportunities would allow governments to maximise ecological and economic benefits and minimise effects through judicious planning and regulation, but such analyses do not exist. This project expects to advance trade policy evaluation by improving and integrating computable global equilibrium models and land-use and ecological models to better characterise consequences of trade.Read moreRead less
Water Disinfection For Influent Water Biosecurity On Prawn Grow-out Farms
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$125,430.00
Summary
• Coping with the potential persistence of WSSV in Australian waters It is important for farms in the WSD risk region, as well as those outside it, to have access to the necessary tools and reliable information that enables them to implement highly effective biosecurity measures when they become necessary.
• Industry white spot disease preparedness Chemical treatment to remove residual vectors and/or destroy the pathogen is currently the only practical approach with potential to ....• Coping with the potential persistence of WSSV in Australian waters It is important for farms in the WSD risk region, as well as those outside it, to have access to the necessary tools and reliable information that enables them to implement highly effective biosecurity measures when they become necessary.
• Industry white spot disease preparedness Chemical treatment to remove residual vectors and/or destroy the pathogen is currently the only practical approach with potential to adequately reduce WSD biosecurity risk associated with influent farm water. When assessment indicates a high disease risk, farms will need to be confident that their biosecurity measures will be immediately effective.
• Appropriate guidelines for using trichlorfon Currently there is no locally generated guideline for achieving effective application of trichlorfon that is based on directly applicable experimental data and prawn farm experience. The industry needs a set of guidelines that expand upon the basic APVMA use conditions and define the environmental factors and application parameters that will provide the greatest protection for Australian farm conditions.
• Gaps in information currently available The available information does not provide substantiated details of trichlorfon treatment methods and outcomes. The Australian industry needs validated treatment methods and their effectiveness and biosecurity outcomes verified.
• Constraints on trichlorfon use during production Using trichlorfon to treat top-up and exchange water during the production cycle is problematic for some farms due to the 12 day conditioning period required to ensure toxic residues are below the detectable limit before stock is exposed to the water. The potential to manipulate water quality parameters to accelerate residue degradation could make treatment throughout the cycle a more practical option.
• Continuation of permit to use trichlorfon Documented evidence of outcomes and impacts of trichlorfon use on farms is needed to support an APVMA application to extend its use beyond the current MUP period ending 31 December 2021. Objectives: 1. Determine the efficacy of trichlorfon treatment for removal of crustaceans from farm influent water, and the rate of toxic residuals degradation, under a range of treatment circumstances experienced on prawn farms. 2. Provide the prawn grow-out sector with a practical guide for the optimal use of trichlorfon as a water biosecurity method. 3. Provide data for APVMA registration of trichlorfon use, including practical methods for reducing the withholding period for trichlorfon treated water. Read moreRead less
ABFA IPA: An Assessment Of The Risk Of Exotic Disease Introduction And Spread Among Australian Barramundi Farms From The Importation Of Barramundi Products
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$20,000.00
Summary
Commercial in confidence. To know more about this project please contact FRDC. Objectives: Commercial in confidence
Future Oysters CRC-P: Polymicrobial Involvement In OsHV Outbreaks (and Other Diseases)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$342,200.00
Summary
During the last two decades a number of disease outbreaks have led to mass oyster mortalities and the closure of several oyster-harvesting regions, resulting in multi-million dollar losses. These outbreaks mirror a global pattern of increased aquaculture disease, with disease emergence potentially linked to environmental degradation (pollution) and climate change related processes, such as rising seawater temperature. Within NSW estuaries, multiple microbiological agents have been implicated in ....During the last two decades a number of disease outbreaks have led to mass oyster mortalities and the closure of several oyster-harvesting regions, resulting in multi-million dollar losses. These outbreaks mirror a global pattern of increased aquaculture disease, with disease emergence potentially linked to environmental degradation (pollution) and climate change related processes, such as rising seawater temperature. Within NSW estuaries, multiple microbiological agents have been implicated in oyster diseases, but a clear understanding of the ecological and environmental drivers of disease outbreaks has remained elusive. This means we cannot predict when outbreaks will occur, making it very difficult to manage infection events and develop strategies to mitigate future oyster disease events.
Since 2008, Pacific Oyster fisheries in several parts of the world have been decimated by the influence of Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), resulting in high (>95%) rates of juvenile oyster mortality. Recent evidence indicates that POMS is a polymicrobial syndrome, that is not only caused by the OsHV-1 virus, but includes the involvement of pathogenic bacteria from the Vibrio genus, a bacterial group comprising species that cause disease in a diverse range of marine animals and which is responsible for significant mortality in a variety of aquaculture industries. However, our understanding of this complex interaction is limited.
This project will provide valuable insights into the microbial communities associated with oysters, how those communities vary and how they might influence the course of other diseases. The project will also indicate whether breeding influences the microbial communities associated with oysters and whether this is influencing the impact diseases like OsHV is having on different Pacific oyster families.
Objectives: 1. Define microbial communities associated with oysters and identify threats 2. Link changes in environmental conditions to changing microbial communities 3. Better understand the association between microbial communities and disease Read moreRead less
Biosecurity Threats And Vulnerabilities Of The Southern Rock Lobster Fishery
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$61,330.00
Summary
SRL industry has been buffeted by various issues in recent years, associated with COVID-19, trading partner non-tariff trade barriers (ostensibly biosecurity or food safety based) and repeated harmful algal blooms (HAB). In particular, HAB remain an ongoing threat, for example with range expansion of Alexandrium tamarense/warming climate, resulting in repeated closures of the east-coat Tasmanian SRL fishery. Other regions of Australia may also face an increased risk of HAB. In addition, access ....SRL industry has been buffeted by various issues in recent years, associated with COVID-19, trading partner non-tariff trade barriers (ostensibly biosecurity or food safety based) and repeated harmful algal blooms (HAB). In particular, HAB remain an ongoing threat, for example with range expansion of Alexandrium tamarense/warming climate, resulting in repeated closures of the east-coat Tasmanian SRL fishery. Other regions of Australia may also face an increased risk of HAB. In addition, access to alternative markets with new sanitary and food safety requirements adds biosecurity and sanitary complexity.
Nearly every animal sector that is involved in harvest (e.g. fisheries) or production has seen rapid change associated with external factors such as spread of invasive species and pests, diseases (both emerging and introduced/exotic) and global issues such as climate change. For example, the Australian Prawn industry has been damaged by emergence and repeated outbreaks of White Spot Syndrome Virus in Australia. Ausvet has recently modelled surveillance data for WSSV on behalf of FRDC and the Australian Prawn Farmers Association and it is clear that WSSV has the potential to spread further south. WSSV affects most crustaceans, although SRL may only be vectors and not show clinical disease. Regardless, such issues can become trade barriers.
Thus, the SRL industry has a need to understand biosecurity risks and how these relate to the ability to harvest, sustain a productive fishery or trade globally. Understanding biosecurity risks are the key building blocks for biosecurity planning which has become an essential part of protecting animal production in Australia and globally, across terrestrial and aquaculture systems. This project will inform biosecurity planning for SRL fisheries. This project concentrates on assisting the broader SRL industry to identify and prioritise emerging, future or existing risks. In addition, it will identify industry capacity and barriers to managing risks. This information can then be used during future industry-wide biosecurity planning. Objectives: 1. Enable improved biosecurity planning within the Southern Rock Lobster industry Read moreRead less