A Randomised Controlled Trial Of CPAP Versus Oral Appliance In Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$416,155.00
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a very common disorder, affecting approximately 25% of women and 9% of men in the middle-aged workforce . It is characterised by repetitive, complete or partial closure of the throat passage during sleep, resulting in sleep disturbance and low oxygen levels. When associated with symptoms, termed Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome, it occurs in 4% of men and 2% of women in middle age. OSA is recognised as a serious public health problem. Continuous Positive Airway ....Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a very common disorder, affecting approximately 25% of women and 9% of men in the middle-aged workforce . It is characterised by repetitive, complete or partial closure of the throat passage during sleep, resulting in sleep disturbance and low oxygen levels. When associated with symptoms, termed Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome, it occurs in 4% of men and 2% of women in middle age. OSA is recognised as a serious public health problem. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure is the gold standard treatment, and has been demonstrated to produce major health benefits. However, there is growing evidence supporting the use of oral appliances to treat OSA, which are potentially simpler to use. It is thought that these work by enlarging the throat passage. Recent practice guidelines recommend their use as a first line treatment for mild to moderate OSA. The aim of this project is to directly compare the health benefits achievable with these therapies, taking into account patient compliance and preference, and will assist in the development of protocols for the use of these treatments in clinical practice.Read moreRead less
Chronotherapy Of Hypertension In Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$232,738.00
Summary
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is linked with excess cardiovascular disease, and this is partly attributed to increased high blood pressure (hypertension). Understanding how both conditions exacerbate hypertension and whether blood pressure control can be improved by altering the time that medication is taken will lead to improvements in health.
Chronotherapy For Hypertension In Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$253,229.00
Summary
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common cause of hypertension, however treatment of OSA only results in a modest improvement in blood pressure (BP) and patients who are unable to tolerate treatment must rely on pharmacotherapy to control their BP. This study will definitively establish if altering the time of taking medication can improve BP control over 24 hours. The results will conribute to the development of more targeted treatment strategies for hypertension in people with OSA.
The Interaction Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Cardiovascular Risk Factors On Cardiovascular Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,263,050.00
Summary
Cardiovascular (CV) disease and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are common causes of morbidity and mortality. OSA is an independent risk factor for CV disease but little is known about which patients with OSA are likely to develop CV disease, and the interaction between OSA and other CV risk factors. We seek to better understand this interaction by exploring which of 4,100 well characterised patients in the West Australian Sleep Health Study (WASHS) 2005-2010 have developed CV disease.
The Sleep Apnea Cardio Vascular Endpoints (SAVE) Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,177,047.00
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 7% of the population and is increasing with the global epidemic of obesity. Research suggests that OSA may be a cause of premature cardiovascular (CV) disease, but definitive proof is lacking. This 5-year trial will answer this question by comparing the rate of CV events (eg stroke, heart attack) in OSA patients who are treated, versus those not treated, with CPAP. The results may lead to a new medical approach to the prevention of CV disease.
Pressures Exerted On Upper Airway Walls By Surrounding Tissue Structures
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$426,500.00
Summary
The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA) refers to a condition in which throat blockage occurs during sleep leading to breathing difficulties, including cessation of breathing for short periods of time. OSA effects both men and women but is amongst the commonest of chronic disorders of adult males, occurring in 5% of men over the age of 45 years. In the proposed studies we will examine the effect of the pressure in the tissues surrounding the throat on the ability of the throat to stay open a ....The obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA) refers to a condition in which throat blockage occurs during sleep leading to breathing difficulties, including cessation of breathing for short periods of time. OSA effects both men and women but is amongst the commonest of chronic disorders of adult males, occurring in 5% of men over the age of 45 years. In the proposed studies we will examine the effect of the pressure in the tissues surrounding the throat on the ability of the throat to stay open and allow breathing. The major outcome of the animal studies is increased knowledge concerning mechanisms whereby collapsing forces are applied to the upper airway. This will give insights into potential factors influencing upper airway collapse during sleep in OSA patients. Of particular importance will be our studies on the effects of jaw position on the pressure exerted on the walls of the throat since the use of an intra-oral device to hold the jaw forward during sleep is one of the treatments used to prevent throat blockage during sleep. The studies in humans will examine, for the first time, the notion that the mass (weight) of the neck has a direct effect on the severity of sleep disordered breathing. If neck mass has a substantive influence on sleep disordered breathing then strategies aimed at reducing neck mass (fat) may provide a new therapeutic approach to the management of OSA patients.Read moreRead less
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects 7% of the population and is increasing with the global epidemic of obesity. Research suggests that OSA may be a cause of premature cardiovascular (CV) disease, but definitive proof is lacking. This 5-year trial will answer this question by comparing the rate of CV events (eg stroke, heart attack) in OSA patients who are treated, versus those not treated, with CPAP. The results may lead to a new medical approach to the prevention of CV disease.
The Impact Of CPAP Treatment On Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis In Heavy Snoring And Mild Sleep Disordered Breathing
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$697,512.00
Summary
Mild sleep disordered breathing, including habitual snoring, is a very common problem in the adult population, with a prevalence of between 20-40%. Increasingly it is now recognised that habitual snoring may be an independent risk factor for the development of stroke. In this proposal we will explore the hypothesis that treatment for snoring will slow or stop the development of carotid artery atherosclerosis.
Recognition And Management Of Sleep Apnea In Primary Care
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$650,866.00
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA, ie frequent choking episodes during sleep, associated oxygen deprivation and sleep disturbance) affects at least 4% of the adult population and leads to serious health problems if untreated. These health problems include excessive tiredness, fall-asleep accidents, and premature stroke and heart attacks. Currently patients suspected of OSA are referred for management to specialist sleep centres, where sleep specialists order overnight laboratory tests to confirm the ....Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA, ie frequent choking episodes during sleep, associated oxygen deprivation and sleep disturbance) affects at least 4% of the adult population and leads to serious health problems if untreated. These health problems include excessive tiredness, fall-asleep accidents, and premature stroke and heart attacks. Currently patients suspected of OSA are referred for management to specialist sleep centres, where sleep specialists order overnight laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis and test the effects of treatment (CPAP via a nasal mask) and thereafter direct management. These centres are not coping with current demand because of too few specialists and too few testing facilities. But worse than this up to 85% of cases in the community are not being identified. Many patients with OSA attend general practitioners for sometimes related conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and obesity, but are unrecognised for having a serious sleep disorder. This study will develop new and simplified methods of home diagnosis of OSA suitable for general practice. It will then use these methods to identify patients in general practice with moderate to severe OSA who will then enter a study that compares the effectiveness and the cost effectiveness of two models of care where the principle treatment will be CPAP: One is a new model which will be based in patients homes and general practice surgeries, the other, will be current standard care in our specialist sleep centre. We postulate that general practice based care will be as effective for patients as specialist sleep centre care but will be less costly. If this proves to be the case the study results will open the possibility for easier access to care for a larger number of patients with moderate to severe OSA, which will result in significant health benefits for the community.Read moreRead less
Mechanisms And Treatment Of Upper Airway Collapse In Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$328,668.00
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent closure of the upper airway (throat) resulting in episodes of decreased blood oxygen levels, increased blood pressure and disturbed sleep. Repetitive overnight arousals from sleep cause excessive daytime tiredness and lethargy, which have major consequences for social well-being and productivity in our community. OSA is a common condition, affecting as many as 2 to 4% of middle aged adults, and is associated with an increased cardio ....Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent closure of the upper airway (throat) resulting in episodes of decreased blood oxygen levels, increased blood pressure and disturbed sleep. Repetitive overnight arousals from sleep cause excessive daytime tiredness and lethargy, which have major consequences for social well-being and productivity in our community. OSA is a common condition, affecting as many as 2 to 4% of middle aged adults, and is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk, however the mechanisms underlying the increased upper airway collapsibility in individuals with OSA are not well understood. The proposed studies represent a series of investigations into fundamental mechanisms of neural and mechanical control of upper airway patency, how these mechanisms act to stabilize the upper airway, and whether these reflex control mechanisms can be manipulated to provide a novel treatment for OSA.Read moreRead less