Osteocytic SOCS3 Controls STAT3:STAT1 Balance And Bone Formation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$648,164.00
Summary
The most promising new osteoporosis therapy is antibody-based inhibition of the sclerostin protein. We discovered that sclerostin is inhibited by oncostatin M (OSM) only when it binds to a receptor called LIFR, which then activates proteins STAT3 and SOCS3. If OSM binds a different receptor (OSMR) it increases STAT1 activity and destroys bone. This project will determine how to manipulate STAT3, SOCS3, and STAT1 to increase bone formation and provide new treatments for osteoporosis.
The Physiological Role Of Calcitonin And Its Receptor In Bone Cell Metabolism.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$496,446.00
Summary
Throughout adult life, bone tissue is continuously remodelled. The two main processes involved in bone remodelling, are bone formation and bone breakdown. Bone formation is controlled by cells known as osteoblasts and bone breakdown is controlled by cells known as osteoclasts. Under normal circumstances these two processes are tightly coupled. Excessive breakdown of bone, causes these two processes to become unbalanced and results in bone loss. This is the basis of many bone diseases such as ost ....Throughout adult life, bone tissue is continuously remodelled. The two main processes involved in bone remodelling, are bone formation and bone breakdown. Bone formation is controlled by cells known as osteoblasts and bone breakdown is controlled by cells known as osteoclasts. Under normal circumstances these two processes are tightly coupled. Excessive breakdown of bone, causes these two processes to become unbalanced and results in bone loss. This is the basis of many bone diseases such as osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones become fragile and therefore more susceptible to fracture. 1 in 2 women and 1 in 3 men aged 70 years and older suffer from osteoporosis in Australia. Despite this, the mechanisms which control osteoclast breakdown of bone are not well understood. Our laboratory is interested in how hormones affect osteoclast action. We plan to examine the role of the hormone calcitonin, an important inhibitor of osteoclastic bone breakdown. This will be achieved by studying transgenic mice in which the receptor, or target, for calcitonin is specifically removed from osteoclasts. This will allow us to precisely determine the role of calcitonin in osteoclast function. Data generated by our research group indicates that calcitonin is also involved in controlling bone formation, however, the way in which calcitonin acts on osteoblasts remains poorly understood. Therefore, studying our transgenic mice will also help clarify the role calcitonin plays in bone formation. Current treatment for osteoporosis involves the administration of drugs which inhibit bone breakdown. This project will increase our understanding of how calcitonin acts to regulate bone breakdown and bone formation and may assist in the design of new therapies for osteoporosis. We believe that this research is of great importance as osteoporosis is becoming more prevalent as the population ages.Read moreRead less
Regulation Of Bone Resorption And Formation In Health And Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$5,596,183.00
Summary
Bone is continually being formed and broken down, and these two processes are critical forthe maintenance of a normal skeleton. These processes are dependent upon communication between the bone building and degrading cells, and the hormones growth factors and cytokines that are present in the circulation or produced in bone. The tightly regulated processes of bone formation and degradation need to remain equal, and are essential for the achievement and maintenance of skeletal strength and form. ....Bone is continually being formed and broken down, and these two processes are critical forthe maintenance of a normal skeleton. These processes are dependent upon communication between the bone building and degrading cells, and the hormones growth factors and cytokines that are present in the circulation or produced in bone. The tightly regulated processes of bone formation and degradation need to remain equal, and are essential for the achievement and maintenance of skeletal strength and form. Osteoporosis results from an excess of bone breakdown over formation, and our Program aims to identify the factors that regulate these processes, and develop new therapies that can modify them. We will also determine what it is about bone cell properties that make some cancers, especially those of breast and prostate, particularly prone to spread to bone.Read moreRead less