Effectiveness, Cost-effectiveness And Equity Of Strategies To Reduce The Burden Of Obesity-related Conditions
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$46,900.00
Summary
Decision-makers need a systematic, coordinated approach to the targeting and prioritisation of preventive strategies. But the evidence base for obesity interventions is for the most part small, narrow in approach, limited in impact, and lacking in cost-effectiveness and equity information. This thesis will add to the evidence base regarding the nature of the obesity epidemic in Australia and internationally and the relative cost-effectiveness of strategies to reduce the obesity burden.
Early Predictors And Body Composition Changes Associated With Adiposity Rebound
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$201,650.00
Summary
Overweight and obesity rates are increasing in children, and overweight children have higher risk of adult obesity and therefore diseases including heart attack, stroke and diabetes. The preschool years may offer opportunities to divert children from the path to obesity, before poor physical activity and nutritional habits become firmly established. Adiposity rebound is the time in a child's life (usually around 5 to 6 years of age) when body mass index (BMI) begins to increase after a steady de ....Overweight and obesity rates are increasing in children, and overweight children have higher risk of adult obesity and therefore diseases including heart attack, stroke and diabetes. The preschool years may offer opportunities to divert children from the path to obesity, before poor physical activity and nutritional habits become firmly established. Adiposity rebound is the time in a child's life (usually around 5 to 6 years of age) when body mass index (BMI) begins to increase after a steady decline in BMI in the preschool years. Early adiposity rebound is associated with increased BMI in later life. We don't yet know whether the early adiposity rebound causes the higher BMI, or whether it is simply an early sign of an already-established pathway of behavioural and environmental risk. We need a much better understanding of predictors of early adiposity rebound and the changes that occur to determine if age at adiposity rebound is a modifiable risk factor for adult obesity. This study will document the process and timing of adiposity rebound and the changes in percent body fat and lean body mass that occur during that time. We will also determine whether risk and protective factors for early adiposity rebound and overweight at age 6 years are the same or different. We will study over 400 children on whom extensive data have been collected since birth, including period of gestation, birth weight and length. At various stages during their first two years of life, height, weight, feeding patterns and development were recorded. We will measure BMI and perform bioimpedance analysis (BIA) on these children six times between 4 and 6 years of age. BIA provides a measure of body fat and lean mass that is well accepted by children. This will help determine the relationship between changing BMI at different ages and the fat-to-lean mass ratios associated with those changes. This study is the first to consider body composition changes during adiposity rebound.Read moreRead less
David Whiteman is a medical epidemiologist with a special interest in the causes, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cancer. His work has focussed on melanoma and skin cancer, and more recently, on cancers of the upper gastro-intestinal tract.
Nutritional And Genetic Factors Associated With Genome Damage In Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$715,131.00
Summary
This project will investigate the link between children's diet and damage to their DNA. Damage to DNA is known to accumulate throughout life, and to be associated with risk of cancer and other diseases in adulthood. If we can show that poor diet in childhood increases DNA damage in childhood, it suggests that poor diet early in life may also increase risk of cancer and other diseases in adulthood. This will underpin important, salient health promotion messages we can provide to parents.
I am an epidemiologist whose research is concerned with investigating the behavioural, social, structural and environmental determinants of obesity and its antecedent behaviours
Risk Factors For Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease And Barretts Oesophagus In A Prospective Cohort Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$960,867.00
Summary
Heartburn caused by acid reflux is a common problem in Australia. In 2003, drugs used to treat disorders caused by acid problems, such as heartburn, cost the PBS more than $500 million. Heartburn probably causes a disease of the oesophagus called Barrett's oesophagus, which in turn is a cause of cancer of the oesophagus. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for heartburn and Barrett's oesophagus, so that we can find ways to prevent them occurring.
Body Mass Index And Mortality In Aboriginal Australians In Northern Territory: A Cohort Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$136,220.00
Summary
The ultimate goal of this study is to define a healthy weight range for Aboriginal people. To fulfil this goal, we will investigate the health implications of body weight and weight change in Aboriginal communities. We will assess the association between body weight (as measured by body mass index) and the risk of death by examining how the death rate changes with body weight. The findings will have important implications for health professionals to provide adequate advice to Aboriginal Australi ....The ultimate goal of this study is to define a healthy weight range for Aboriginal people. To fulfil this goal, we will investigate the health implications of body weight and weight change in Aboriginal communities. We will assess the association between body weight (as measured by body mass index) and the risk of death by examining how the death rate changes with body weight. The findings will have important implications for health professionals to provide adequate advice to Aboriginal Australians, and for Aboriginal people to adopt a healthy life style in relation to body weight. Due to the differences in body shape and physiological and environmental factors between Aborigines and other populations, the optimal body weight obtained from other populations may not be applicable to Aboriginal communities. Do males and females have different optimal body weights? Do old and young people have different optimal body weights? This study will provide evidence for answering various questions like these. Individuals with different characteristics may have different optimal body weight values. Such information is useful for the development and modification of dietary guidelines for Aboriginal Australians. The results on the health impact of weight change are important for guiding weight control programs in Aboriginal communities.Read moreRead less
I am a public health academic leading a multi-disciplinary research team and working with multi-sector partners, studying the impact of the BE on physical and mental health outcomes. My research helps build the evidence required to change policy and pract