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Determinants And Impact Of Patient-Centred Health Outcomes In Psoriatic Arthritis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$84,069.00
Summary
Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic joint disease which is linked with the skin condition called psoriasis. People who have psoriatic arthritis can develop deformities in their joints and suffer from decreased quality of life. Psoriatic arthritis can present in a wide range of ways, but the reasons for this are not understood. This research aims to explain some of this variation and to predict which patients will develop more severe disease so treatment can be targeted to improve their outcome.
Investigating Role Of Insulin Resistance And Sympathetic Nervous System In Metabolic Features Of PCOS
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$150,468.00
Summary
PCOS affects 9-18% of Australian reproductive aged women. Whilst reproductive features are prominent, PCOS has major psychological and metabolic consequences. Emerging data implicate the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in PCOS. The aim of this PhD is to investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in insulin resistance and other metabolic features of PCOS and determine whether modification of this system's activity will favorably influence the metabolic consequences assoc ....PCOS affects 9-18% of Australian reproductive aged women. Whilst reproductive features are prominent, PCOS has major psychological and metabolic consequences. Emerging data implicate the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in PCOS. The aim of this PhD is to investigate the role of the sympathetic nervous system in insulin resistance and other metabolic features of PCOS and determine whether modification of this system's activity will favorably influence the metabolic consequences associated with PCOS.Read moreRead less
Does Metformin Have A Disease Modifying Effect In Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis? A Multicentre Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$124,676.00
Summary
Osteoarthritis(OA) is a major contributor to this disease burden. Currently, there is no therapy that slows disease progression. Metformin may affect OA progression via multiple pathways that address the pathogenesis of knee OA, including weight loss, glucose- and lipid-lowering, and anti-inflammation. This will be the world first randomised, double-blind controlled trial, to assess the effect of metformin, compared with placebo, on knee OA-related structural and clinical outcomes
Type 1 Diabetes And The Metabolic Syndrome: Defining This Modern-day Phenotype, And Exploring The Effects Of Exercise On Glycaemic Control And Both Traditional And Novel Diabetes Complications
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$122,714.00
Summary
This research aims to define trends in the prevalence of, and complications associated with, metabolic syndrome in adults with type 1 diabetes, using the Australian National Diabetes Information Audit and Benchmarking Initiative (ANDIAB). Subsequently, a randomised controlled trial will examine the effect of exercise on glycaemic control and diabetes complications risk profiles in this group. These studies will thus address disease profiles and a potential beneficial clinical intervention.
The Prevalence And Trajectory Of Kidney Disease In Urban Aboriginal Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$94,515.00
Summary
The Study of Environment and Aboriginal Resilience on Child Health is a major NHMRC funded project looking at the health and illness of urban Aboriginal children in Australia. By working together with Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services across urban and large regional centres in NSW the study team hope to better understand the causes of common diseases such as kidney and heart disease, and whether these first begin in childhood.
Understanding The Unique Contribution Of Sedentary Behaviour To The Cardio Metabolic Health Of Women
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$83,149.00
Summary
The risk of heart disease for women increases significantly with the menopause. New evidence suggests that sedentary behaviour (too much sitting as distinct from too little exercise) is also related to heart disease risk. Ms Howard's PhD research will identify whether TV time and other prolonged sitting pose a particular risk for women during and after the menopause. Her studies will identify whether there is a need for women's health recommendations on reducing sitting time.
Breastfeeding In Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Gestational Diabetes, And Pre-existing Diabetes: Hormonal Physiology, Breastmilk Composition, Epidemiology And Patient Factors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$132,743.00
Summary
Polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes (pre-existing or gestational) are important conditions in pregnant women. I intend to explore (through major literature reviews and original research) how they influence the production and composition of breastmilk, how this differs from women without the conditions, and impacts on infant health. I also aim to examine reasons for lactation difficulties in these women, both from a hormonal (basic science) perspective and at a broader (population) level.
Cervical Auscultation In The Diagnosis Of Aspiration In Children
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$96,183.00
Summary
Accurate assessment of aspiration risk is critical to prevent respiratory illness & recurrent hospitalisations in children.Current clinical tests have poor reliability in detecting aspiration.Cervical auscultation(CA) is a portable,low-cost instrumental technique that may improve the accuracy of clinical test.This research aims to determine accuracy & reliability of CA in detecting aspiration, compared to objective radiological evaluations.CA may improve aspiration detection & subsequently minim ....Accurate assessment of aspiration risk is critical to prevent respiratory illness & recurrent hospitalisations in children.Current clinical tests have poor reliability in detecting aspiration.Cervical auscultation(CA) is a portable,low-cost instrumental technique that may improve the accuracy of clinical test.This research aims to determine accuracy & reliability of CA in detecting aspiration, compared to objective radiological evaluations.CA may improve aspiration detection & subsequently minimise health system costs.Read moreRead less
Down syndrome (DS) individuals have 3 copies of chromosome 21. I am proposing to do my PhD to investigate the role of a gene existing on chromosome 21 called Intersectin 1. This gene, when over-expressed might be responsible for manifestation of intellectual impairment in Down syndrome. I will be examining the consequence of altered/over-expression of this gene in receptor trafficking, cell signalling and histology of the brain to identify the differences between affected individuals and the nor ....Down syndrome (DS) individuals have 3 copies of chromosome 21. I am proposing to do my PhD to investigate the role of a gene existing on chromosome 21 called Intersectin 1. This gene, when over-expressed might be responsible for manifestation of intellectual impairment in Down syndrome. I will be examining the consequence of altered/over-expression of this gene in receptor trafficking, cell signalling and histology of the brain to identify the differences between affected individuals and the normal population.Read moreRead less
Do The Mitochondrial Sirtuin Enzymes, SIRT3 And SIRT5, Affect Insulin Action In Skeletal Muscle?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$92,314.00
Summary
Metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are characterised by inappropriate handling of nutrients. Mitochondria are the primary site for nutrient oxidation in cells. Sirtuins such as SIRT3 and SIRT5 are abundant in mitochondria and may affect mitochondrial function and insulin action in skeletal muscle. Understanding the biochemical pathways involved in energy metabolism in skeletal muscle is crucial in the development of therapies for insulin resistance and ty ....Metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are characterised by inappropriate handling of nutrients. Mitochondria are the primary site for nutrient oxidation in cells. Sirtuins such as SIRT3 and SIRT5 are abundant in mitochondria and may affect mitochondrial function and insulin action in skeletal muscle. Understanding the biochemical pathways involved in energy metabolism in skeletal muscle is crucial in the development of therapies for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.Read moreRead less