Microperimetry is a clinical tool for measuring central visual function whilst the retina is continuously monitored and retinal testing locus adjusted for eye movements. Regulatory authorities are now considering outcomes of microperimetry as a valid clinical trials endpoint in certain retinal conditions because visual acuity does not always reflect disease progression. This project will validate various types of microperimeters and determine how they should be used to monitor macular diseases.
Novel Mechanisms Of Early Age Related Macular Degeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$933,953.00
Summary
Age Related Macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in Australia. In this project we will examine a novel mechanism by which the cells at the back of the eye, called retinal pigment eptihelial cells contribute to vision loss early in the disease. In addition we will examine the potential for two currently used drugs as well as a novel laser treatment in slowing the progression of disease.
The Role Of Estrogen Signalling In The Development And Progress Of Neovascularisation In Macular Degeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$318,768.00
Summary
Age-related macular degeneration is a common eye disease. In the advanced stages of the disease, abnormal and leaky blood vessels form, causing permanent and severe vision loss. A novel treatment is the application of the sex hormone, estrogen, which could halt abnormal blood vessel growth in the eye. This project aims to confirm the protective effects of estrogen on eye health and whether mutations in estrogen-related genes alter the risk of vision loss due to abnormal blood vessel growth.
Uncovering The Pathogenesis Of Age-related Macular Degeneration Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$571,289.00
Summary
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the Western world. There is currently no treatment designed to prevent this loss of vision. We have identified patients with specific genetic risks associated with AMD. We will generate stem cells from these patients, allow the cells to be affected with AMD, then assess the differences and thus establish cellular features associated with each risk. This understanding may lead to uncovering new targets for novel treatments ....Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in the Western world. There is currently no treatment designed to prevent this loss of vision. We have identified patients with specific genetic risks associated with AMD. We will generate stem cells from these patients, allow the cells to be affected with AMD, then assess the differences and thus establish cellular features associated with each risk. This understanding may lead to uncovering new targets for novel treatments to prevent this common and devastating disease.Read moreRead less
The Role Of Reduced Phagocytosis In The Pathogenesis Of Age-related Macular Degeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$786,742.00
Summary
Understanding the underlying mechanisms which lead to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is critical if we are to ultimately develop novel treatments. We hypothesise that there is a defective ability to remove debris that accumulates in the retina as we age and this is a crucial step in the development of AMD. We will investigate this hypothesis in an AMD cohort and in a pre-clinical model where we will test the efficacy of an intervention that improves the ability to clear debris.
Understanding the structure of the human retina is important for understanding normal visual function. The goal of this study is to supply data on the distribution, density and connectivity of nerve cells in the human retina. Our study will provide a foundation for areas of clinical investigation of the human retina.
Using Pharmacogenetics To Personalize Treatment Outcome To Ranibizumab (Lucentis) For The Eye Disease Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$623,891.00
Summary
The drug Lucentis has revolutionized the treatment of age-related macular degeneration, one of the commonest causes of severe vision loss in Australia. Unfortunately, up to 25% of patients continue to lose vision despite this treatment. We will use the latest gene chip technology to identify the genetic variant responsible for this poor response. Having this information will allow us to personalise treatment for the patient leading to improvement in their vision.
Age-related Macular Degeneration: A Cause And A Cure
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$828,300.00
Summary
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss and there is urgent need for an intervention to slow disease progression. AMD is characterised by debris accumulation in the retina and I will investigate if loss of function in cells that should clear this debris is a critical step in the development of AMD. I will trial a novel laser intervention to slow progression of disease and use basic science techniques to investigate the mechanisms of action of the laser.
The aim of this project is to better understand the events that cause the onset of uveitis, a common cause of visual impairment and blindness in adults. Toll like receptors (TLR) are a new group of cell surface receptors tinflammatory mediators.hat are important in immune function and the immune system's ability to recognise and respond to to microbes by recognising signature molecules contained in microbes. The TLR system is the early warning system of immune defence and activation of the TLR s ....The aim of this project is to better understand the events that cause the onset of uveitis, a common cause of visual impairment and blindness in adults. Toll like receptors (TLR) are a new group of cell surface receptors tinflammatory mediators.hat are important in immune function and the immune system's ability to recognise and respond to to microbes by recognising signature molecules contained in microbes. The TLR system is the early warning system of immune defence and activation of the TLR system induces the generation of multiple mediators that initiate and perpetuate inflammation. There has been intense interest and research into this novel family of receptors and they have been shown to play an important role in human diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis. The role of TLRs in uveitis has not been studied. We hypothesise that TLRs play a central role linking certain bacteria and the induction of uveitis. TLR4, a member of the TLR family has been clearly identified as the key receptor for cell wall components of gram negative bacteria (a chemical called LPS). In vitro data shows that TLR4 stimulation by LPS causes the release of inflammatory mediators. This project is designed to study the expression of TLRs in the eye, factors that control their expression and the results of stimultaing TLRs with their target chemicals. Better understanding ofd the causes and mechanisms of uveitis will allow the development of more specific and effective treatments.Read moreRead less
The Cellular Organisation Of Interneurones In Human Retina
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$526,454.00
Summary
Our goal is to determine the numbers and types of nerve cells in the human retina: the part of the eye where visual processing starts. This data will serve as a baseline against which effects of visual disease can be measured.