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Feeding and digestion in tropical rock lobster phyllosoma larvae and its applications for culture. Provision of larval culture diets that provide optimal nutrition in a suitable presentation format is the major challenge for developing a rock lobster aquaculture industry. Tropical rock lobsters are likely contenders due to their faster growth rates and shorter larval phase than temperate species. This project will assess the ingestive and digestive capabilities of larvae during development, thro ....Feeding and digestion in tropical rock lobster phyllosoma larvae and its applications for culture. Provision of larval culture diets that provide optimal nutrition in a suitable presentation format is the major challenge for developing a rock lobster aquaculture industry. Tropical rock lobsters are likely contenders due to their faster growth rates and shorter larval phase than temperate species. This project will assess the ingestive and digestive capabilities of larvae during development, through an examination of mouthpart and gut structure and their types and concentration of digestive enzymes. Information will be used to formulate and test improved diets of appropriate size, texture and nutritional composition and will be the first comprehensive analysis of preferred larval diets on the basis of their biological and physiological characteristics.Read moreRead less
A portable RNA-editing machine. Many plants maintain an elaborate RNA-editing machine that allows them to correct accumulated errors in their organellar genomes by specifically editing the RNA transcripts of the affected genes. A portable and adaptable version of this molecular machine would have significant biotechnological value, providing the ability to correct genetic errors, and to intervene in gene regulation without permanently altering a genome. The project aims to combine molecular and ....A portable RNA-editing machine. Many plants maintain an elaborate RNA-editing machine that allows them to correct accumulated errors in their organellar genomes by specifically editing the RNA transcripts of the affected genes. A portable and adaptable version of this molecular machine would have significant biotechnological value, providing the ability to correct genetic errors, and to intervene in gene regulation without permanently altering a genome. The project aims to combine molecular and structural biology approaches to fully characterise the components of the machine, thus allowing us to reconstitute it in cell-free systems and ultimately in other organisms.Read moreRead less
A structural investigation into T cell signalling machines. The project aims to understand how receptor recognition events cause intracellular signalling.Membrane-bound receptors, their cognate ligands and the ensuing intracellular activation signal determine cellular fate. The project will explore events central to cellular immunity by examining the T cell signalling machinery. This project will use labelling, crystallographic and cryo-electron microscopy studies, to determine the molecular arc ....A structural investigation into T cell signalling machines. The project aims to understand how receptor recognition events cause intracellular signalling.Membrane-bound receptors, their cognate ligands and the ensuing intracellular activation signal determine cellular fate. The project will explore events central to cellular immunity by examining the T cell signalling machinery. This project will use labelling, crystallographic and cryo-electron microscopy studies, to determine the molecular architecture of the T cell receptor (TCR) CD3 complex, a molecular machine central to T cell signalling. This project should reveal how antigen recognition leads to T cell signal transduction which will create jobs, bring substantial health benefits and improve quality of life for Australians.Read moreRead less
A structural and molecular investigation into the basic mechanism of T cell receptor complex function. Cellular fate is determined by interactions between membrane-bound receptors and their cognate ligands. The basic mechanism of how such receptor-mediated recognition events cause intracellular signalling is poorly understood in most biological systems, including the cellular immune recognition axis. This project will explore events central to cellular immunity by examining the interactions cent ....A structural and molecular investigation into the basic mechanism of T cell receptor complex function. Cellular fate is determined by interactions between membrane-bound receptors and their cognate ligands. The basic mechanism of how such receptor-mediated recognition events cause intracellular signalling is poorly understood in most biological systems, including the cellular immune recognition axis. This project will explore events central to cellular immunity by examining the interactions centred on T-cell receptor complexes. This project will explore the molecular mechanisms underpinning these key receptor-recognition events and relate these observations to T-cell activation. The proposal will shed fundamental insight into Major Histocompatibility Complex restriction, T-cell development and how antigen recognition leads to T-cell signal transduction. Read moreRead less
Field based molecular diagnostics for identification of plant parasitic nematodes. Nematodes are economically important pests of many agricultural and commercially grown plants. We have shown 'proof-of-concept' that plant parasitic nematodes can be identified by protein profiling using MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. In this project advanced techniques of proteomics and associated bioinformatics will be used to identify, isolate and characterise proteins that are specific to economically important ....Field based molecular diagnostics for identification of plant parasitic nematodes. Nematodes are economically important pests of many agricultural and commercially grown plants. We have shown 'proof-of-concept' that plant parasitic nematodes can be identified by protein profiling using MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. In this project advanced techniques of proteomics and associated bioinformatics will be used to identify, isolate and characterise proteins that are specific to economically important nematode species and races, and to identify diagnostic proteins or epitopes. The diagnostic proteins will be used to generate specific monoclonal antibodies that will be incorporated into immunochemical 'Lateral Flow' devices. These will provide on-site tests to identify nematodes for growers and quarantine services. Read moreRead less
Combinatorial controlled gene expression delivering crops resistant to nematodes. Root-knot nematodes cause US$130 billion crop losses worldwide pa, and at least AUS$ 450 pa in Australia. Current control methods involve fumigation, chemicals (mainly carbamates and organophosphates), natural plant resistance and biological control. The fumigants (eg methyl bromide) are being phased out because they damage the ozone layer, most of the non-fumigants are being banned because of environmental damag ....Combinatorial controlled gene expression delivering crops resistant to nematodes. Root-knot nematodes cause US$130 billion crop losses worldwide pa, and at least AUS$ 450 pa in Australia. Current control methods involve fumigation, chemicals (mainly carbamates and organophosphates), natural plant resistance and biological control. The fumigants (eg methyl bromide) are being phased out because they damage the ozone layer, most of the non-fumigants are being banned because of environmental damage and persistence in groundwater, and biological control has had limited success. These problems are addressed in this project with development of synthetic plant resistance to nematodes, which will benefit horticultural and broadacre farming by reducing pathogen losses and improving quality.Read moreRead less
Deciphering a protein code for recognising Ribonucleic acid (RNA) targets. This project will decipher the protein code employed by a large family of plant proteins for the specific recognition of RNA sequences. This knowledge will be immediately helpful for designing a new generation of biotechnological tools for the agricultural and biomedical sciences.
Transcription factor – enhancer – promoter based regulatory networks. This project aims to develop new understanding on how multicellular organisms (including humans) develop, and how mutations in distant regions of the genome can affect human traits. The way the human genome is interpreted by the cellular machinery is still a mystery. We have a reference sequence and know where the majority of coding genes are, but we are far from understanding how the genome is regulated to generate the divers ....Transcription factor – enhancer – promoter based regulatory networks. This project aims to develop new understanding on how multicellular organisms (including humans) develop, and how mutations in distant regions of the genome can affect human traits. The way the human genome is interpreted by the cellular machinery is still a mystery. We have a reference sequence and know where the majority of coding genes are, but we are far from understanding how the genome is regulated to generate the diversity of cell types in our bodies. Enhancer regions interact with proximal promoters to regulate gene expression level and tissue-specificity. This project aims to develop transcriptional regulatory network models using high throughput chromatin interaction data and expression perturbation to link promoter and enhancers genome-wide.Read moreRead less
Mammalian histidine kinase: its characterisation and role in hepatic cellular proliferation. Protein kinases regulate all aspects of cellular metabolism, but there is a class of protein kinase, histidine kinases, which exists in mammalian cells, about which remarkably little is understood. This project will be the first detailed characterisation of such an enzyme and investigation of its cellular function. The enzyme to be characterised is hepatic and it has been implicated in the regulation of ....Mammalian histidine kinase: its characterisation and role in hepatic cellular proliferation. Protein kinases regulate all aspects of cellular metabolism, but there is a class of protein kinase, histidine kinases, which exists in mammalian cells, about which remarkably little is understood. This project will be the first detailed characterisation of such an enzyme and investigation of its cellular function. The enzyme to be characterised is hepatic and it has been implicated in the regulation of DNA replication in regenerating liver. We shall obtain a detailed picture of the role of this histidine kinase in liver cell biology and an insight into the more general biological role of this class of enzyme.Read moreRead less
Australian Laureate Fellowships - Grant ID: FL140100179
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,800,000.00
Summary
Controlling gene expression with synthetic RNA-binding proteins. Controlling gene expression with synthetic RNA-binding proteins. The growth and development of living organisms is largely determined by the genes they contain, but converting the genetic information into biological activity requires intermediary processes involving RNA and proteins that bind to and process RNA. This project aims to understand how the largest class of RNA-binding protein in plants recognise their target RNAs and ai ....Controlling gene expression with synthetic RNA-binding proteins. Controlling gene expression with synthetic RNA-binding proteins. The growth and development of living organisms is largely determined by the genes they contain, but converting the genetic information into biological activity requires intermediary processes involving RNA and proteins that bind to and process RNA. This project aims to understand how the largest class of RNA-binding protein in plants recognise their target RNAs and aims to develop custom-designed proteins for switching genes on or off. This technology will be used to create new hybrid cereal varieties and will also be valuable for applications in human health, such as the correction of genetic mutations.Read moreRead less