Urotensin-II In Human Heart: Investigation Of Mechanisms Involved In Cardiac Function
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$255,990.00
Summary
The normal function of the body is maintained by naturally occurring compounds. Some for example affect the heart, fine tuning it to make it beat faster or slower, or beat with greater or less force when required in different situations in health and disease. We were the first to show just recently that a small protein which occurs naturally in the body, called urotensin-II can affect the way the heart beats. We showed that extremely tiny amounts increase the force of the heart beat. Our finding ....The normal function of the body is maintained by naturally occurring compounds. Some for example affect the heart, fine tuning it to make it beat faster or slower, or beat with greater or less force when required in different situations in health and disease. We were the first to show just recently that a small protein which occurs naturally in the body, called urotensin-II can affect the way the heart beats. We showed that extremely tiny amounts increase the force of the heart beat. Our findings indicate that urotensin-II is the most potent heart stimulator identified to date. In patients with heart failure, short term stimulation of heart contraction is beneficial, supplying the heart and other organs with vital oxygen and nutrients. However, in the long term excessive stimulation causes worsening of the patients condition. Very little is currently known about the way in which urotensin-II alters heart function. The goal of our study is to understand the mechanism involved in urotensin-II mediated effects on the heart. This will involve identifying the location of urotensin-II and its receptors in the heart, and determining what signalling changes occur after the interaction of urotensin-II with its receptors. Urotensin-II must first be cleaved from a larger drug. We will determine where in the heart this cleavage occurs and whether the process is crucial to the ability of urotensin-II to stimulate contraction of the heart. Since stimulators of heart contraction are detrimental to patients with heart failure in the long term, we will determine whether these patients have more urotensin-II in their blood than patients who do not have heart failure. If the levels of urotensin-II are higher in heart failure patients, it may indicate a need to interfere with the interaction of urotensin-II with its receptors.Read moreRead less
A reduced capacity to recover balance following an imbalance episode contributes to the high incidence of falls in older adults. The goal of the present study is to determine how age-related differences in lower extremity neuromuscular and biomechanical properties are related to balance recovery capacity and falls incidence. A detailed understanding of this relationship is necessary for the development of efficacious exercise-based interventions for the prevention of falls.
Molecular Regulation Of Metabolism And Body Composition By Ski Via Crosstalk With Nuclear Hormone Receptor Signalling.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$558,441.00
Summary
Obesity is a common and burdensome health problem in the community which leads to diabetes and heart disease. A number of factors, including hormones play important roles in determing risk of obesity. This study proposes to investigate whether the Ski gene which is a regulatory factor for many hormones affects metabolism in transgenic mouse models of altered Ski function. The proposed studies may identify Ski as a target for therapy for obesity and improvement in sketal muscle metabolism.