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Striking Hard at crime: criminal justice practice in China today. Australia has established a bilateral human rights dialogue with China. Chinese society is increasingly violent and its crime problems are increasingly transnational in nature. Some of the crimes targeted in China's current anti-crime policy have direct impact on our political refugee policy in Australia, in particular, Falungong adherents applying for refugee status. It is therefore vital that we strengthen our knowledge of this ....Striking Hard at crime: criminal justice practice in China today. Australia has established a bilateral human rights dialogue with China. Chinese society is increasingly violent and its crime problems are increasingly transnational in nature. Some of the crimes targeted in China's current anti-crime policy have direct impact on our political refugee policy in Australia, in particular, Falungong adherents applying for refugee status. It is therefore vital that we strengthen our knowledge of this area of Asian law. This project aims to strengthen Australia's understanding of China's key politico-legal issues in order to better understand and engage with this emerging world superpower. Read moreRead less
Sentencing and public confidence: public perceptions and the role of the public in sentencing practice and policy. Public confidence is critical to the effective operation of the criminal justice system. This project will generate much needed current national data on public attitudes about sentencing. It examines avenues for the incorporation of public opinion into sentencing policy and processes, and provides accurate measures of the factors involved. The results will enable governments to res ....Sentencing and public confidence: public perceptions and the role of the public in sentencing practice and policy. Public confidence is critical to the effective operation of the criminal justice system. This project will generate much needed current national data on public attitudes about sentencing. It examines avenues for the incorporation of public opinion into sentencing policy and processes, and provides accurate measures of the factors involved. The results will enable governments to respond to periodic crises in public confidence in constructive and informed ways, rather than act in response to law and order rhetoric, linked with harsh sentencing regimes, and costly and potentially unnecessary increases in incarceration rates.Read moreRead less
Managing compliance with procedural justice: The role of motivational postures, legitimacy and emotion. Regulatory authorities exist to ensure that members of the public comply with their obligations under the law. At the same time, however, regulators should not exercise their authority in ways that result in the alienation of the public. Using social science methodology, this project will examine the role that procedurally fair regulation can play in promoting trust and confidence in authoriti ....Managing compliance with procedural justice: The role of motivational postures, legitimacy and emotion. Regulatory authorities exist to ensure that members of the public comply with their obligations under the law. At the same time, however, regulators should not exercise their authority in ways that result in the alienation of the public. Using social science methodology, this project will examine the role that procedurally fair regulation can play in promoting trust and confidence in authorities. The national and community benefits of this project will include ascertaining how greater levels of cooperation and compliance with regulatory decisions and laws can be facilitated; particularly among those who may feel disgruntled with their experiences with authority.Read moreRead less
Building rule of law capacity in a transitional state: lessons from the Australian criminal justice assistance programme in Cambodia 1997-2007. Australian overseas aid has recently stressed funding better governance and security as pre-requisites to poverty reduction and economic development. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a long term legal assistance programme designed to strengthen the rule of law in a fragile state such as Cambodia. Police reform in fragile states has often failed ....Building rule of law capacity in a transitional state: lessons from the Australian criminal justice assistance programme in Cambodia 1997-2007. Australian overseas aid has recently stressed funding better governance and security as pre-requisites to poverty reduction and economic development. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a long term legal assistance programme designed to strengthen the rule of law in a fragile state such as Cambodia. Police reform in fragile states has often failed and lessons learnt by the CCJAP over the past 10 years will contribute to our knowledge about the best practices and strategies needed to improve security and governance in fragile states. Capacity building efforts to improve international law enforcement cooperation, especially in regard to counter-terrorism and transnational crime, will benefit from this review.Read moreRead less
Speeding recidivism, crash risk and the impact of penalties and sanctions on speeding behaviour. Road traffic crashes make up one quarter of deaths due to injury (ATSB 2004) with speeding a major contributing factor. It has been estimated that the yearly cost of speed related crashes alone amounts to $1 billion (MUARC 1993). We aim to examine the effect of increased penalty regimes on speeding offenders and its relationship to their traffic and criminal histories. Results will reveal relationshi ....Speeding recidivism, crash risk and the impact of penalties and sanctions on speeding behaviour. Road traffic crashes make up one quarter of deaths due to injury (ATSB 2004) with speeding a major contributing factor. It has been estimated that the yearly cost of speed related crashes alone amounts to $1 billion (MUARC 1993). We aim to examine the effect of increased penalty regimes on speeding offenders and its relationship to their traffic and criminal histories. Results will reveal relationships between high level speeding, speeding recidivism and crash involvement, and to what extent they are associated with other anti-social and illegal behaviour. Based on the results and relevant theory, a model will be developed to inform policymakers on speed prevention education and legislation.Read moreRead less
Establishing Guidelines for Coronial Best Practice Use of Internal Autopsy. Last year in Queensland 2700 Coronial internal autopsies were conducted at a cost of $5.3 million. In addition to the economic cost, other relevant concerns include few qualified personnel, public health risks, and cultural and religious sensitivities associated with internal autopsy. Anecdotal evidence suggests that for a number of these deaths, the internal autopsy was not necessary to establish cause or circumstance ....Establishing Guidelines for Coronial Best Practice Use of Internal Autopsy. Last year in Queensland 2700 Coronial internal autopsies were conducted at a cost of $5.3 million. In addition to the economic cost, other relevant concerns include few qualified personnel, public health risks, and cultural and religious sensitivities associated with internal autopsy. Anecdotal evidence suggests that for a number of these deaths, the internal autopsy was not necessary to establish cause or circumstance of death. The purpose of this research is to create guidelines to enable coroners to weight all sources of evidence before ordering internal autopsies The purpose is to decrease the number (and associated costs, risks and distress to families) of unnecessary internal autopsies being performed without compromising the finding as to cause and circumstance of death.Read moreRead less
Managing family objection to autopsy: a case study of the Queensland coronial system. Exploring how coroners, police, counsellors, and pathologists engage with families after the shock of a sudden or violent death, and the resulting development of an e-resource, enables a consistent and transparent whole system approach to be established. The expected benefits for the Coronial system will include: a decrease in unnecessary autopsies, a flow on to minimising staffing shortages, and an overall de ....Managing family objection to autopsy: a case study of the Queensland coronial system. Exploring how coroners, police, counsellors, and pathologists engage with families after the shock of a sudden or violent death, and the resulting development of an e-resource, enables a consistent and transparent whole system approach to be established. The expected benefits for the Coronial system will include: a decrease in unnecessary autopsies, a flow on to minimising staffing shortages, and an overall decrease in the cost of a death investigation. The benefits to the community will include: enhanced police relations with families, including those from minority religions and cultures, more informed and appropriate decision making by coroners, less invasive autopsies by pathologists, and more focused intervention by counsellors.Read moreRead less
An international perspective on redress for institutional abuse. This project aims to produce a comparative analysis of redress for institutional abuse, understand survivors' aspirations for justice, and map theoretical developments in the field. Institutional abuse of children is a social and legal problem in many nations. The major responses to this problem are public inquiries, criminal prosecution, civil litigation and redress schemes. The project intends to gather data on 35 redress schemes ....An international perspective on redress for institutional abuse. This project aims to produce a comparative analysis of redress for institutional abuse, understand survivors' aspirations for justice, and map theoretical developments in the field. Institutional abuse of children is a social and legal problem in many nations. The major responses to this problem are public inquiries, criminal prosecution, civil litigation and redress schemes. The project intends to gather data on 35 redress schemes in 13 jurisdictions, building on previous research on redress in Australia and Canada. The intended outcome is an authoritative and comprehensive research platform for developing redress policies and practices that can inform and guide Australian society in a compassionate and cohesive direction.Read moreRead less
DNA FINGERPRINTING IN DOCUMENT SECURITY TO COUNTER TERRORISM. Crime costs Australia >$18 billion per year. Of this, money laundering/document fraud is estimated at ~$4.5 billion and ~$1.5 to $3 trillion worldwide. Although many techniques combat document fraud (signatures, specialised inks and paper, watermarking etc) they are severely limited by low specificity or are easy to copy.
Alternatively identification by DNA fingerprinting is highly specific (>10 billion to 1) and can now be obtain ....DNA FINGERPRINTING IN DOCUMENT SECURITY TO COUNTER TERRORISM. Crime costs Australia >$18 billion per year. Of this, money laundering/document fraud is estimated at ~$4.5 billion and ~$1.5 to $3 trillion worldwide. Although many techniques combat document fraud (signatures, specialised inks and paper, watermarking etc) they are severely limited by low specificity or are easy to copy.
Alternatively identification by DNA fingerprinting is highly specific (>10 billion to 1) and can now be obtained from cells embedded within paper. This project will use these techniques to provide definitive document validity and authenticity to minimise document fraud and thus counter illicit finance and terrorist funding.
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Innovation in police gender equity management: Looking back, moving forward. This project aims to investigate gender equity recruitment and career support policies in all nine Australian and New Zealand policing agencies. A wide range of equity initiatives that have been implemented across police agencies will be examined, along with affirmative action measures including recent 50/50 male/female recruitment targets. The project expects to generate an advanced best practice model that can be used ....Innovation in police gender equity management: Looking back, moving forward. This project aims to investigate gender equity recruitment and career support policies in all nine Australian and New Zealand policing agencies. A wide range of equity initiatives that have been implemented across police agencies will be examined, along with affirmative action measures including recent 50/50 male/female recruitment targets. The project expects to generate an advanced best practice model that can be used by domestic and international police agencies. This will allow police organisations to better manage equity issues and support a more inclusive and representative workforce. The benefits of this project are significant, they range from stronger police-community relations through to better service delivery by police.Read moreRead less