Pharmaceutical Opioid Prescription For Chronic Pain In Australia: Trajectories Of Prescribing, Risk Of Adverse Events, And Predictors Of Harm
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,086,274.00
Summary
There is concern about rising levels of opioid analgesic prescribing in Australia. This study is important because it will provide evidence about long term outcomes for patients using opioid therapy for chronic non-malignant pain. It will examine prescribing patterns and link them to other health outcomes such as overdose. We will also study patients beginning opioid therapy for chronic pain and follow them up over 2 years to examine outcomes such as pain relief and medication side effects.
Preconception Determinants Of Child Health And Development: A 4-year Follow Up Of Offspring Born To The Australian Temperament Project
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,065,799.00
Summary
This project will follow offspring born to a large population cohort study that has tracked the mental health and wellbeing of around 2000 participants across 30 years prior to parenthood. The aim is to understand how the lives parents lived before conception, as well as events during pregnancy, shape social and emotional outcomes for their children. Results will inform radically new approaches to promoting child health and development across generations.
Mapping The Specific Pathways To Early-onset Mental Health Disorders
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,287,730.00
Summary
The foundations of mental health versus disorder are laid early. Individual differences in vulnerability can be identified early in the child's emotionality, social attention, impulsivity, and quality of parenting. This study examines how these systems emerge to coalesce into the major forms of psychopathology in the first 5 years of life.The results will identify critical variables in the early prevention of psychiatric disorders.
Investigating The Relationships Between Alcohol And Other Drug Use, Mental Health, Early-life Factors And Life-course Outcomes: Integrative Analyses Of Data From Four Australasian Cohort Studies
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$448,198.00
Summary
The current study will use a highly innovative approach to pool data from four large and long-running Australasian cohort studies to better understand the developmental precursors and psychosocial consequences of teen drinking behaviours. Findings will provide dramatically improved knowledge of the developmental pathways to teen and young adult drinking and a clearer picture of the total burden of disease attributable to alcohol in an Australasian setting.
A RCT Of Depression Prevention In Adolescents: The Future Proofing Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,183,738.00
Summary
Prevention is better than cure. Adolescence is when 50% of mental health problems emerge. We know we can prevent depression in 22% of young people at risk. However, the major problem is providing these prevention interventions easily and universally. Using 20,000 young people, this research aims to discover how to use smartphones to deliver prevention interventions in the real world, to improve prevention rates, and to determine the triggers associated with the onset of mental health problems.
Cancer Genomics; Psychosocial, Behavioural And Ethical Issues And Outcomes, Two Inter-related Longitudinal Studies
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$506,654.00
Summary
Over 1/3 of patients with cancer will die of their disease. Genomics offers hope of more tailored risk management and treatment, but will only realize its promise if patients understand, cope with, inform relatives about, and make informed decisions based on, genomic results. This study will be the first internationally to explore the knowledge, attitudes, preferences, experiences and outcomes of cancer patients who undergo genomic testing and their relatives, over time.
Australian Longitudinal Study Of Heroin Dependence: An 18-20yr Prospective Cohort Study Of Mortality, Abstinence, And Psychiatric And Physical Health Comorbidity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,210,319.00
Summary
The burden associated with heroin dependence is undeniable. But little is known about the natural history and long-term course of heroin dependence; knowledge that is critical for informing the development of new treatment interventions, health care planning and service delivery. We propose to extend our study of 615 Australians with heroin dependence, recruited in 2001-2002, to 18-20 years follow-up to answer critical questions about the long-term impact of this condition.
Evaluation Of The Obesity Paradox In Diabetes: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study Of Half A Million Patients
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$344,721.00
Summary
Obesity is a risk factor for developing diabetes. However, recent studies reported increased mortality risk associated with normal body weight in people with incident diabetes compared to overweight or obese patients. This “obesity paradox”, where being overweight appears to be protective, is new in diabetes. The mechanism behind this is not known. Using 20 years of follow-up data on 500,000 diabetes and control patients, this study proposes to find possible explanations behind obesity paradox.
Pain has a detrimental impact on ones quality of life and a significant financial impact on the community. It has recently been revealed that chronic pain is associated with altered brain anatomy and function. Using human brain imaging, we aim to determine the underlying reason for these changes by following individuals during the development of pain. Defining the mechanism underlying pain will aid in the development of better treatment regimens.
Implementing Multiple Imputation With Sensitivity Analysis In Large-scale Longitudinal Studies
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$473,507.00
Summary
Missing data arise in most research studies and if not handled appropriately can mean the study results are not correct. With researchers now conducting larger and longer studies the challenges posed by missing data are increasing. In this grant we study a powerful technique for handling missing data, which in its current form often cannot be applied effectively in large studies. By developing this approach we will improve the accuracy of results from large-scale epidemiological studies.