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Commodity booms and busts: Implications for the Australian economy. In 2007-08 the share of mining in Australia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was the highest for at least four decades and mining investment had more than doubled over the previous four years, now accounting for one-quarter of all private investment. This, and accompanying surges in employment and economic growth, came courtesy of a spectacular surge in global mineral, energy and agricultural commodity prices. Controversy still ....Commodity booms and busts: Implications for the Australian economy. In 2007-08 the share of mining in Australia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was the highest for at least four decades and mining investment had more than doubled over the previous four years, now accounting for one-quarter of all private investment. This, and accompanying surges in employment and economic growth, came courtesy of a spectacular surge in global mineral, energy and agricultural commodity prices. Controversy still surrounds the causes of the most recent and previous commodity booms and busts. The results from this proposed project would aid policy making and business decisions in commodity sectors, particularly with respect to the roles of supply-side constraints and the approval processes for new Australian resource development projects.Read moreRead less
Safeguarding the domestic tax base in a world without investment borders. Reform of Australia's tax rules applying to business investments abroad will ensure the continued protection of the domestic tax base while removing disincentives that discourage Australian enterprises from investing overseas and foreign enterprises from using Australia as a site for regional investment. Enabling more Australian firms to invest abroad and attracting foreign capital inflows by investors seeking to use Austr ....Safeguarding the domestic tax base in a world without investment borders. Reform of Australia's tax rules applying to business investments abroad will ensure the continued protection of the domestic tax base while removing disincentives that discourage Australian enterprises from investing overseas and foreign enterprises from using Australia as a site for regional investment. Enabling more Australian firms to invest abroad and attracting foreign capital inflows by investors seeking to use Australia as a politically stable platform for foreign investment will contribute to the restoration of a balance of payments equilibrium and strengthen the Australian economy vis-à-vis those of Australia's key regional trading partners.Read moreRead less
Agglomeration of Economic Activity in a Developing Country Context. This project examines the geographical concentration of manufacturing by exploiting unusually detailed Indonesian firm-level data. The analysis is based on a new rich body of theory which explicitly takes account of the spatial linkages and transport costs between firms and their markets. Indonesia's high internal transport costs -arising from its geography and poor internal transport system - make it an interesting case study. ....Agglomeration of Economic Activity in a Developing Country Context. This project examines the geographical concentration of manufacturing by exploiting unusually detailed Indonesian firm-level data. The analysis is based on a new rich body of theory which explicitly takes account of the spatial linkages and transport costs between firms and their markets. Indonesia's high internal transport costs -arising from its geography and poor internal transport system - make it an interesting case study. Further, the importance of regional development to the country's political stability make deconcentration of industry a vital policy issue. An understanding of the agglomeration process is essential to the development of effective policies aimed at stimulating under-developed regions.Read moreRead less
A Neo-Heckscher-Ohlin Model of Trade with Endogenous Production Patterns. The ongoing debate regarding the expected benefits of the recent trade agreement with the United States exemplifies that few aspects of international trade are well understood. Using inframarginal analysis, an approach developed by co-investigator 1, we expect to be able to advance our understanding in this field by producing what is arguably the most generalised model of trade. This will constitute an important accomplish ....A Neo-Heckscher-Ohlin Model of Trade with Endogenous Production Patterns. The ongoing debate regarding the expected benefits of the recent trade agreement with the United States exemplifies that few aspects of international trade are well understood. Using inframarginal analysis, an approach developed by co-investigator 1, we expect to be able to advance our understanding in this field by producing what is arguably the most generalised model of trade. This will constitute an important accomplishment that is likely to attract both international academic interest and international research funds to Australian research. In addition, as our model will be calibrated on the basis of our domestic production characteristics, our work will shed light on the socially optimum trade policy directions for Australia.Read moreRead less
National and Regional Patent Administration in Small to Medium-Sized States in the Global Economy. Patents and patent administration are key to the rules of the game in the knowledge economy. The study will analyse how a group of smaller national patent offices including Australia?s, are responding to the agenda of patent harmonization that is being led by the US, European and Japanese patent offices. What is the impact of this agenda on Australia's interests? Should Australia take the lead in ....National and Regional Patent Administration in Small to Medium-Sized States in the Global Economy. Patents and patent administration are key to the rules of the game in the knowledge economy. The study will analyse how a group of smaller national patent offices including Australia?s, are responding to the agenda of patent harmonization that is being led by the US, European and Japanese patent offices. What is the impact of this agenda on Australia's interests? Should Australia take the lead in pushing for a regional patent organization? Using sociolegal techniques, the study will answer these and other key questions facing Australian policy makers. The work of patent offices within APEC, ASEAN and the Pacific Island Forum (for example, NZ, Fiji, and China)will be the subject of in-depth fieldwork and analysis.Read moreRead less
The Social and Economic Security of International Students in the Global Education Market. Social and economic security is a prime factor in decisions by international students to select Australia as a study destination. It is also central to the long term trajectory of Australian exports. In the international education market security issues have assumed greater importance and urgency in that through 2003 Australian universities lost half of their prior price advantage vis a vis US universities ....The Social and Economic Security of International Students in the Global Education Market. Social and economic security is a prime factor in decisions by international students to select Australia as a study destination. It is also central to the long term trajectory of Australian exports. In the international education market security issues have assumed greater importance and urgency in that through 2003 Australian universities lost half of their prior price advantage vis a vis US universities via appreciation of the Australian dollar. Given that the educational product itself is little different to that of the USA and the UK, differentiation on the basis of student security is likely to be crucial. Yet so far there has been no academic research on student security, and a limited policy focus only on selected aspects.Read moreRead less
The Human Rights Responsibilities of Multinational Corporations. Human rights abuses are perpetrated by multinational corporations, yet they are subject to few laws protecting human rights. Given the global power of these bodies, it is imperative and inevitable that greater legal accountability mechanisms will be developed. Working with a consortium of major industry partners, this project will identify current legal obligations on corporations to protect human rights, their means of enforcemen ....The Human Rights Responsibilities of Multinational Corporations. Human rights abuses are perpetrated by multinational corporations, yet they are subject to few laws protecting human rights. Given the global power of these bodies, it is imperative and inevitable that greater legal accountability mechanisms will be developed. Working with a consortium of major industry partners, this project will identify current legal obligations on corporations to protect human rights, their means of enforcement and investigate their likely future extension in Australia and internationally. Best practice models for corporate compliance with these laws will be constructed and all results will be widely disseminated and accessible in a variety of formats.Read moreRead less
An Economic Analysis of Migration Patterns in a Regionally Integrated World. Australia, among other countries, is pursuing a discriminatory free trade (i.e. RTA) agenda. The slow progress of WTO multilateral talks will exacerbate this trend. At the same time, the level of migration to developed countries, like Australia, has been growing. What are the implications of RTAs for immigration policy in Australia? How will RTAs, whether they include or exclude Australia, influence migration flows to a ....An Economic Analysis of Migration Patterns in a Regionally Integrated World. Australia, among other countries, is pursuing a discriminatory free trade (i.e. RTA) agenda. The slow progress of WTO multilateral talks will exacerbate this trend. At the same time, the level of migration to developed countries, like Australia, has been growing. What are the implications of RTAs for immigration policy in Australia? How will RTAs, whether they include or exclude Australia, influence migration flows to and from this country? Among other things, this project helps clarify the relationship between Australia's discriminatory trade liberalisation strategy and migration patterns. The underlying theme of this research is that trade policy should be designed so that it is consistent with the aims of migration policy.Read moreRead less
Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354509
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$20,000.00
Summary
China's Asia-Pacific Century: Enhancing Australia's Engagement. The emerging regional economic sphere of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, encompassing close to a quarter of humankind, is fast becoming one of the world's two major powerhouses--and a potential locus for international conflict. Australia contains a very large and robust field of hundreds of modern China specialists--as many as all of Europe--but we are very spread out geographically and divided among twenty disciplines. There is a pate ....China's Asia-Pacific Century: Enhancing Australia's Engagement. The emerging regional economic sphere of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, encompassing close to a quarter of humankind, is fast becoming one of the world's two major powerhouses--and a potential locus for international conflict. Australia contains a very large and robust field of hundreds of modern China specialists--as many as all of Europe--but we are very spread out geographically and divided among twenty disciplines. There is a patent, felt need for concerted, collaborative, multi-disciplinary research and analysis, as a wide range of important potential synergies exist.Read moreRead less
The impact of globalisation on inequality in a small regional economy: South Australia 1845-1925. The impact of globalisation on income inequality is currently of great concern to many. Globalisation, however, is not a new phenomenon. This study examines the effect of global forces on wage and personal wealth inequality in South Australia in the 19th and early 20th century. While other studies have examined the impact of trade on inequality at an aggregate level, using questionable comparisons, ....The impact of globalisation on inequality in a small regional economy: South Australia 1845-1925. The impact of globalisation on income inequality is currently of great concern to many. Globalisation, however, is not a new phenomenon. This study examines the effect of global forces on wage and personal wealth inequality in South Australia in the 19th and early 20th century. While other studies have examined the impact of trade on inequality at an aggregate level, using questionable comparisons, this study represents a conceptual leap forward by directly estimating changes in income and wealth inequality, and their association with changes in wages, commodity and asset prices over an extended period in a small regional economy.Read moreRead less