Processes Underlying Establishment And Maintenance Of The Latent HIV Resevoir And Potential Impact Of Integrase Inhibitors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$318,044.00
Summary
Therapy for HIV-infected individuals is currently able to control the growth of the virus, but cannot eradicate the viral infection. This is due to a pool of CD4+ T lymphocytes which contain HIV DNA in a latent state, ready to reactivate as soon as therapy is interrupted. This project aims to better understand how this pool of latently infected CD4+ T lymphocytes is established and maintained, particularly how it is linked to the essential T cell survival signal from interleukin 7.
Novel Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies For Children Exposed To High Transmission Of Multiple Plasmodium Species
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,378,408.00
Summary
We recently found that the WHO-recommended combination antimalarial therapy artemether-lumefantrine and the candidate regimen dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine were not fully effective for both falciparum and vivax malaria in young PNG children, a group at risk of complications and death. We plan to study two new combinations (artesunate-pyronaridine and artemisinin-naphthoquine) and hypothesise that at least one will prove superior and be used as first-line treatment in PNG and similar countries.
Centre Of Research Excellence In Indigenous Children's Healthy EARs (ICHEAR)
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,615,897.00
Summary
The overwhelming burden of otitis media (middle ear inflammation, OM) and the consequences of hearing loss on social and educational outcomes in Indigenous children are indisputable. Our CRE_ICHEAR is a multidisciplinary group of Australia’s experts in OM research, policy and practice guidelines. The CRE will derive better value in terms of discovery, translation and sustainability. Increased Indigenous leadership will raise awareness and advocacy, with greater efficiency of research translation
Enhancing Clinical Management Of Paediatric Malaria In Endemic Areas With Transmission Of Multiple Plasmodium Species
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$867,511.00
Summary
Malaria remains a major problem for children in developing countries especially where different types of the disease are common. This set of complementary studies, based at an established research site in PNG aims to develop new treatment strategies for childhood malaria. A novel method of giving medicine via a spray under the tongue for sick children before arrival at hospital and modified dosing schedules of an old drug used for treating parasites hidden in the liver will be studied.
Risk Factors, Mechanisms, And Treatment Of Knowlesi Malaria
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$265,138.00
Summary
The monkey parasite P. knowlesi is an increasing cause of human malaria in SE Asia. My studies on the clinical epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of non-severe and severe malaria in Malaysia have changed policy. I will further define the clinical epidemiology of malaria patients in this area over time, assess risk factors for knowlesi malaria, and evaluate the role of human and parasite factors in disease severity, and treatment for reducing acute kidney injury in knowlesi malaria.
Intensive Care patients more often than not, develop kidney failure requiring dialysis. Unfortunately there is little information available to inform clinicians of appropriate doses for antibiotics in these patients, putting them at an increased risk of death from ineffective treatment. Our project aims to develop dosing guidelines for the many types of dialysis used globally to achieve concentrations in the blood that optimise antibiotic effects in these most critically ill patients.
Primaquine Radical Cure Of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria: A Risk-benefit Analysis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$122,714.00
Summary
Vivax malaria causes significant morbidity with over 100 million clinical cases each year and can cause a relapsing illness and chronic anaemia. The only available radical cure of P. vivax requires administration of primaquine, which can cause severe haemolysis in some patients. Our research aims to determine the risks and benefits of giving primaquine to cure vivax malaria using data from meta-analyses of published clinical trials and individual patient results from large multicentre trials.
The Epidemiology And Treatment Of Infections Due To Multiresistant Gram Negative Bacteria
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$274,946.00
Summary
This fellowship application deals with the treatment of infections due to antibiotic resistant bacteria. The World Economic Forum recently discussed threats to our modern way of life. The highest ranked threats were climate change, terrorism and antibiotic resistance. During this Fellowship, two large clinical trials of treatment strategies for antibiotic resistant bacteria will be supervised by Professor Paterson.
Understanding The Side Effects Of HAART In HIV Patients
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$387,489.00
Summary
Combination therapy has dramatically improved the life expectancy of people living with HIV. However, the long term side effects of these medications can be significant. Not everyone treated with the same drugs suffers similar side effects. This project seeks to unravel factors that lead a given individual to experience particular side effects. Understanding why medication side effects occur will be critical in finding safer ways to treat HIV.