Towards a predictive model for coastal marine microbial assemblages. Coastal regions are overwhelmingly the most intense point of interaction between human activity and oceanic provinces. At this interface, the marine biological ecosystem provides critical services that are required to maintain industrial, economic and social well-being. Our work will identify how these marine systems respond to anthropogenic and climatic variability, National Research Priority 1, and in turn, how this response ....Towards a predictive model for coastal marine microbial assemblages. Coastal regions are overwhelmingly the most intense point of interaction between human activity and oceanic provinces. At this interface, the marine biological ecosystem provides critical services that are required to maintain industrial, economic and social well-being. Our work will identify how these marine systems respond to anthropogenic and climatic variability, National Research Priority 1, and in turn, how this response affects ocean services. This knowledge will inform management efforts in resource and biodiversity conservation, and identify novel areas for future resource exploration.Read moreRead less
You are what you eat: can tissues of top predators which show sequential dietary change identify long-term trends in ecosystems? This project uses stable isotope signatures in the whiskers of top predators to determine foraging ecology. We aim to validate current stable isotopic models so this cost-effective tool can be used to examine large scale changes in food web dynamics in one of the world's climate hotspots in the Antarctic. Changes in the Antarctic directly impact the Australian communit ....You are what you eat: can tissues of top predators which show sequential dietary change identify long-term trends in ecosystems? This project uses stable isotope signatures in the whiskers of top predators to determine foraging ecology. We aim to validate current stable isotopic models so this cost-effective tool can be used to examine large scale changes in food web dynamics in one of the world's climate hotspots in the Antarctic. Changes in the Antarctic directly impact the Australian community as our climate is affected by changes in Antarctica. As this project is part of an International Polar Year Program, Impact of CLImate induced glacial melting on marine and terrestric COastal communities on a gradient along the Western Antarctic PENinsula (ClicOPEN), it strengthens Australia's international scientific links and exposes Australia's future scientists to internationally collaborative research which is of global significance.Read moreRead less
Insect herbivore and plant responses in eucalypt forests under climate change at physiological, species and community scales. Understanding the drivers for insect populations and vulnerabilities to climate change are the first steps to predicting adaptation and mitigation strategies to minimise impacts of climate change on forest biodiversity. Our research will quantify the outcome of climate change on the still neglected but important insect community associated with eucalypts in Australian for ....Insect herbivore and plant responses in eucalypt forests under climate change at physiological, species and community scales. Understanding the drivers for insect populations and vulnerabilities to climate change are the first steps to predicting adaptation and mitigation strategies to minimise impacts of climate change on forest biodiversity. Our research will quantify the outcome of climate change on the still neglected but important insect community associated with eucalypts in Australian forests. These insect communities are widespread, diverse and quintessential for the Australian economy and ecology. Apparent climate change is expected to cause biodiversity shifts, leading to outbreaks and extinctions of insects in eucalypt forests. Negative outcomes of impacts could also include the accumulation of leaf litter, increasing bush fire activity in the future.Read moreRead less
More than mud: how will disruption of soft-sediments threaten coastal biodiversity? Habitat destruction and increased nutrient input are combining with climate change to threaten the biodiversity and fisheries productivity of soft sediment habitats that dominate Australia's sixteen million square kilometre exclusive economic zone. This project will develop the tools necessary for the sustainable management of our coastal biodiversity under multiple scenarios of change. Because many of the result ....More than mud: how will disruption of soft-sediments threaten coastal biodiversity? Habitat destruction and increased nutrient input are combining with climate change to threaten the biodiversity and fisheries productivity of soft sediment habitats that dominate Australia's sixteen million square kilometre exclusive economic zone. This project will develop the tools necessary for the sustainable management of our coastal biodiversity under multiple scenarios of change. Because many of the results will be broadly applicable to coastal systems worldwide, this project will generate high-impact publications that will increase the research profile of Australia. It will train postgraduate students in strategies to help ensure the sustainable use of our biodiversity and will generate collaborations with leading international scientists.Read moreRead less
Bacterial disease and bleaching of chemically defended marine algae. Disease has emerged as a major factor in the ecology and management of natural marine communities. Moreover, the impact of disease in marine ecosystems is linked to environmental changes such as global warming. Much of the research in this area has focused on tropical systems (coral reefs). However, in temperate reef systems seaweeds are the major habitat formers. This proposal investigates how environmental factors (temperat ....Bacterial disease and bleaching of chemically defended marine algae. Disease has emerged as a major factor in the ecology and management of natural marine communities. Moreover, the impact of disease in marine ecosystems is linked to environmental changes such as global warming. Much of the research in this area has focused on tropical systems (coral reefs). However, in temperate reef systems seaweeds are the major habitat formers. This proposal investigates how environmental factors (temperature, UV) mediate bacterial disease of seaweeds, key temperate organisms. The proposal thus adresses National Research Priority 1: An Environmentally Sustainable Australia, and in particular the Priority Goals 'Sustainable use of Australia's biodiversity' and 'Responding to climate change and variability'. Read moreRead less
Managing Ecosystem Change in the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. Protected areas are the primary mechanism for conserving Australia's unique biodiversity. Of added significance are areas of biodiversity recognised as World Heritage Areas, such as the GBMWA. Climate, pest species and altered fire regimes potentially diminish their ecological values but some of these anthropogenic threats can be managed. Effective management depends on spatially-explicit understanding that allows prior ....Managing Ecosystem Change in the Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage Area. Protected areas are the primary mechanism for conserving Australia's unique biodiversity. Of added significance are areas of biodiversity recognised as World Heritage Areas, such as the GBMWA. Climate, pest species and altered fire regimes potentially diminish their ecological values but some of these anthropogenic threats can be managed. Effective management depends on spatially-explicit understanding that allows priorities to be set and management objectives identified and tested. This research will develop a model for determining management priorities for large protected areas, meeting State, National and International obligations. Significant conservation benefits will accrue along with social, economic and human well-being benefits.Read moreRead less
Symbiosomes and symbiosome membranes of corals and other cnidaria. Reef building corals and many other marine animals depend on symbiotic algae. Very little is known about the ways in which these organisms achieve effective communication with their endosymbionts, yet this is vital for understanding coral bleaching, a major present-day problem. In corals and their relatives, algae are housed in membrane-bounded vesicles, symbiosomes, which mediate the signal regulation that maintains an ongoin ....Symbiosomes and symbiosome membranes of corals and other cnidaria. Reef building corals and many other marine animals depend on symbiotic algae. Very little is known about the ways in which these organisms achieve effective communication with their endosymbionts, yet this is vital for understanding coral bleaching, a major present-day problem. In corals and their relatives, algae are housed in membrane-bounded vesicles, symbiosomes, which mediate the signal regulation that maintains an ongoing and healthy association at the cellular level. Unlike some terrestrial symbioses, little is known about the structure and function of the coral symbiosome. This study sets out to investigate this membrane at the cellular and molecular level.Read moreRead less
Novel Chlorophylls and New Directions in Photosynthesis. Understanding how solar energy is used in photosynthesis is of global importance and will contribute to cutting-edge photosynthetic research by Australian scientists. We aim to discover how and why the key photosynthetic pigments, chlorophylls, are synthesised and used; this will provide new opportunities for breakthroughs in frontier technologies, such as photoelectric cells based on carbon rather than silicon. We aim to understand how no ....Novel Chlorophylls and New Directions in Photosynthesis. Understanding how solar energy is used in photosynthesis is of global importance and will contribute to cutting-edge photosynthetic research by Australian scientists. We aim to discover how and why the key photosynthetic pigments, chlorophylls, are synthesised and used; this will provide new opportunities for breakthroughs in frontier technologies, such as photoelectric cells based on carbon rather than silicon. We aim to understand how novel chlorophylls are used in a variety of important organisms in a range of ecological niches. The results will aid understanding of the effects of global climate change on coral reefs, in open-ocean systems and in other important biological communities.Read moreRead less
Molecular mechanisms of spectral extension in photosynthesis: the substitution and formation of the novel pigment chlorophyll d. This project builds on new discoveries of novel chlorophylls and how their spectral properties are fine-tuned in photosynthetic bacteria. We will focus on how key photopigments, the chlorophylls, are biosynthesised, including their enzyme structures, mechanisms and regulatory elements. Understanding the power of natural selection on spectral extension in photosynthesis ....Molecular mechanisms of spectral extension in photosynthesis: the substitution and formation of the novel pigment chlorophyll d. This project builds on new discoveries of novel chlorophylls and how their spectral properties are fine-tuned in photosynthetic bacteria. We will focus on how key photopigments, the chlorophylls, are biosynthesised, including their enzyme structures, mechanisms and regulatory elements. Understanding the power of natural selection on spectral extension in photosynthesis will shed light on the evolutionary development of photopigments, and will allow us explore the possibilities for the production of new pigments in solar energy research.Read moreRead less
Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354791
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$40,000.00
Summary
Understanding the Australian Ecosystem: integrating contemporary and historical perspectives on the evolution, ecology and management of Australia's living resources. Integration of information from multiple disciplines is vital to answering questions like 'What governs distribution of evolutionary lineages in Australia? How and why did distributions change in the past? How might distributions change in the future?' We will develop a comprehensive network bringing together experts in geochronolo ....Understanding the Australian Ecosystem: integrating contemporary and historical perspectives on the evolution, ecology and management of Australia's living resources. Integration of information from multiple disciplines is vital to answering questions like 'What governs distribution of evolutionary lineages in Australia? How and why did distributions change in the past? How might distributions change in the future?' We will develop a comprehensive network bringing together experts in geochronology, geomorphology, climatology, biogeography, palaeobiology, functional anatomy and physiology, phylogenetics, biodiversity assessment, ecosystem dynamics, and population biology and modeling. This network will provide deeper understanding of and more accurate and influential management advice for Australia's biotic resources. The public outreach program to be developed will be significant given the high profile of many participants.Read moreRead less