Microparticles As Novel Biomarkers In Liver Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$85,833.00
Summary
No current highly sensitive or specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exists. We will identify novel nucleic acid signatures in the circulation of patients with HCC through Next Generation Sequencing. Plasma microvesicles will be isolated and their contents analyzed to identify novel genetic biomarkers and fusion gene constructs specific for HCC. Resultant panel of novel biomarkers for HCC will be validated on the Australian STREP cohort of HCC patients.
Harnessing Endogenous L1-mediated Mutagenesis To Elucidate New Candidate Genes For Liver Cancer
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$632,656.00
Summary
Retrotransposons are mobile genes that copy-and-paste themselves in our genome. Previously thought to represent “junk DNA”, retrotransposons are increasingly recognised to play major roles in biology. In a recent publication in Cell, we found that retrotransposons were highly active in some types of liver cancer, mutating key genes required to block tumour formation. In the current study, we will determine in greater depth how, and how often, these genes are involved in other types of liver canc ....Retrotransposons are mobile genes that copy-and-paste themselves in our genome. Previously thought to represent “junk DNA”, retrotransposons are increasingly recognised to play major roles in biology. In a recent publication in Cell, we found that retrotransposons were highly active in some types of liver cancer, mutating key genes required to block tumour formation. In the current study, we will determine in greater depth how, and how often, these genes are involved in other types of liver cancer.Read moreRead less
Studies On The Pathogenesis And Early Diagnosis Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$100,082.00
Summary
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and worldwide is the third and fifth leading cause of cancer death in men and women respectively. Early diagnosis is vital to patient survival. Our research investigates new methods in the early diagnosis of HCC, including new protein markers of the cancer and non-invasive measurements of liver scarring. We also study the genetics of HCC and investigate new genes that could be targets for future therapies.
Development Of Serum Models That Can Predict Clinical Outcomes In Chronic Liver Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$380,694.00
Summary
The overall objective of this project is to develop blood tests that can accurately predict liver related death, liver cancer and liver decompensation respectively for patients with chronic liver disease. Blood tests will also be developed to predict cardiovascular disease in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Furthermore, we will evaluate the use of repeated blood tests to assess if this can more accurately predict death and complications compared to a single time point.
Epidemiology And Prevention Of Viral Hepatitis-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$532,507.00
Summary
Liver cancer (HCC) is a serious global issue with high mortality. Viral hepatitis is a major risk and HCC can be prevented by early detection and treatment of hepatitis B infection. The PROLIFICA study aims to identify risks for HCC in West Africa, evaluate prevention strategies and develop simple diagnostic tests to help with HCC management in resource-poor settings. This important research will be directly translatable for HCC prevention in Australia and the Asia-Pacific region.
HLA-G/H2-Bl Is Critical For Regulating Inflammation In The Liver
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$494,050.00
Summary
The key factor to induction of liver fibrosis, progression to cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma is inflammation. Liver transplant and liver regeneration following liver resection are also dramatically impaired by elevation of inflammation. We have identified a potent anti-inflammatory protein, HLA-G, that is critical for regulating post-surgical inflammation in the liver. We will determine if HLA-G can reverse and/or block liver fibrosis and modify HLA-G for improved clinical potential.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Understanding The Genotoxic Risks Of Liver-targeted Gene Therapy Using Recombinant AAV Vectors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$891,639.00
Summary
Advances in gene transfer technology using an engineered virus known as AAV underpin success in the treatment of haemophila B, and offer the exciting prospect of treating many other liver diseases. While continued improvement of gene transfer efficiency is essential there is an equal need to focus on safety. We have discovered a genetic element in AAV that we believe is a key to unlocking accurate analysis of the safety of AAV-based gene transfer technology. Here we propose to turn the key.