Exploring The Role Of Glycogen Structure In Type 2 Diabetes.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$367,126.00
Summary
The incidence of type 2 diabetes, a disease hallmarked by poor blood glucose control, is rapidly increasing in Australia. This project will investigate the role of liver-glycogen, our blood glucose buffer, in the pathology type 2 diabetes, with particular focus on the glycogen’s structure. By determining the importance of glycogen structure on its properties and how this affects diabetic’s blood glucose levels will potentially result in new drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Upper Gastrointestinal Motility And Glycaemic Control In Diabetes Mellitus
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$543,301.00
Summary
The application of novel techniques to evaluate gastrointestinal motor function has established that the rate at which the stomach empties is abnormally slow in ~50% of people who have insulin-dependent (type 1) or non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetes. Delayed stomach emptying, which was thought to be an infrequent complication of diabetes, may contribute to a number of problems including symptoms such as nausea and bloating, and poor control of blood glucose concentrations. The blood glucose ....The application of novel techniques to evaluate gastrointestinal motor function has established that the rate at which the stomach empties is abnormally slow in ~50% of people who have insulin-dependent (type 1) or non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetes. Delayed stomach emptying, which was thought to be an infrequent complication of diabetes, may contribute to a number of problems including symptoms such as nausea and bloating, and poor control of blood glucose concentrations. The blood glucose level itself also has a reversible effect on both stomach contractions and symptoms; when the blood glucose is abnormally high, the rate at which the stomach empties is slower, and symptoms, such as fullness, are greater. The rate of stomach emptying and the absorption of sugar from the intestine have a major influence on the rise in the blood glucose level after a meal. This is important because in people with diabetes it is desirable to maintain blood glucose levels as close as possible to normal to minimise the risk of complications such as eye and nerve damage. Specific modifications in diet and recently developed drugs which have actions similar to that of the hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1, may improve blood glucose control in type 2 diabetes by slowing the rate of gastric emptying. People with cystic fibrosis frequently develop diabetes which is often difficult to manage; this may result from abnormally rapid gastric emptying and impaired release of hormones. If so, pancreatic enzyme replacement, in the form of tablets, should prove effective. Our group has conducted research in this area for about 24 years and have performed the most comprehensive studies to date resulting in international recognition. The studies proposed in the current application represent a logical development from our previous work and have important implications for the management of diabetes.Read moreRead less
PEACH Study- Patient Engagement And Coaching For Health: An Intensive Treatment Intervention For Patients With Type 2 Di
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$499,263.00
Summary
This study uses practice nurses integrated in existing general practice structures to implement telephone coaching for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a disadvantaged community. This is an evidence based patient empowerment strategy designed to increase patient self-management and engagement with the health care system to improve health outcomes.
Effects Of Dietary Amino And Fatty Acids On Energy Intake And Glycaemia - Implications For Novel Approaches To The Management Of Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$584,032.00
Summary
Current obesity treatments are limited in efficacy or have adverse effects. Our research has shown that specific fatty acids and amino acids markedly suppress energy intake and reduce blood glucose, without adverse effects. The goal of the proposed work is to evaluate the translational potential of these discoveries in obese diabetic patients. Ultimately, we hope to develop the findings from this research into novel, nutrient-based strategies for the management/prevention of obesity/diabetes.
Centre Of Research Excellence In Translating Nutritional Science To Good Health
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,499,994.00
Summary
At current rates, over two thirds of Australians will be overweight by 2025, and a third will develop type 2 diabetes during their lifetime. Meanwhile, elderly Australians and those requiring intensive care admissions are at risk of debility from under-nutrition. Our Centre links scientists in the laboratory with clinical researchers to develop nutritional solutions to a number of major diseases, and has the expertise to apply these in the community.
Effects Of Gastric Bypass And Banding For Obesity On Gastrointestinal Function, Body Weight, Glycaemia And Symptoms
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$444,086.00
Summary
The increasing incidence of obesity poses a significant impact on the health care system. Bariatric surgery not only achieves sustained weight loss but also reverses the associated complications. This proposal aims to examine the mechanisms that mediate weight loss, improvement in blood glucose control and symptoms after bariatric surgery. The results will provide insights into future development of minimally invasive interventions for the management of obesity and diabetes.
Preservation And Generation Of Beta Cells In Type 1 Diabetes With Novel Mimetic Peptides
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,096,055.00
Summary
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that destroys insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. It can cause heart and kidney disease, and nerve damage. T1D is treated with insulin injections that can cause life-threatening low blood sugar levels. We have developed a new treatment that may stop beta cell loss, generate new beta cells and remove the need for insulin injections in T1D patients. A positive outcome will identify a completely new T1D treatment option.
Sugars and non-caloric sweeteners are detected in the gut via a common sensor, which may control sugar uptake into the blood. We showed this sensor was defective in type 2 diabetic patients, which could worsen their disease. We will test if high intake of non-caloric sweeteners worsens gut control of blood glucose in healthy volunteers, and if a blocker of this sensor improves control in patients. Deep testing of this sensor will then be used to identify new drugs for managing type 2 diabetes.
Glycaemia And Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes In Patients With Diabetes And CKD: Methodology, Relationship And
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$143,661.00
Summary
Diabetes is increasing and now the primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). At present the care of people with diabetes and CKD aims to achieve normal blood glucose levels in the safest possible way in order to prevent acute and chronic complications and improve outcomes and quality of life. In this project we will examine the best means by which to measure, monitor and treat blood glucose levels in such people and explore the effect of intensive blood glucose control.