Multipotent Stem Cells Derived From Postimplantation Mouse Embryos: Evaluation Of Germ Layer Differentiation Potential
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$788,818.00
Summary
This study of the properties of cells that can differentiate into specific lineages provides useful insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms for the specification of these progenitors from the pluripotent stem cells. The procurement of tissue-specific precursor cells that are capable of self-renewing and population expansion is a critical pre-requisite for achieving directed differentiation of stem cells into therapeutically useful cells for tissue replacement and regeneration.
Bridging The Gap In Kidney Transplantation Using Pigs As Donors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,452,341.00
Summary
Chronic kidney failure results in patients suffering significant morbidity and mortality ultimately requiring life-supporting dialysis. Kidney transplantation and lifelong immunosuppression are the only treatment, but (i) is limited by the shortage of human donors and (ii) carries risks associated with these anti-rejection drugs. This project aims to solve both problems by using humanized pigs as donors combined with a novel approach to inducing acceptance of the transplanted kidneys.
Eradicating Leukaemic Stem Cells By Targeting The Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$770,950.00
Summary
Acute leukemia is a devastating cancer arising from primitive cells in the bone marrow called stem cells. We have identified a protein (PRMT5) that is highly expressed in leukemia stem cells. Our preliminary experiments suggest that blocking the function of this protein with a novel drug can stop the growth of these cells. This project will use a variety of mouse models of acute leukemia to determine how PRMT5 keeps stem cells alive and whether this drug will be a valuable new treatment.
Kidney failure contributes to 11% of all deaths in Australia and is projected to affect as many as 30,000 Australians by 2020, at a cumulative cost of $12 billion. Kidney transplantation is a far more effective treatment for this condition than dialysis, but there will always be a shortfall of human donors. Using pigs as donors offers a potential solution. The aim of this project is to genetically modify donor pigs so that their kidneys will not be rejected by human recipients.
Manipulating The Balance Of Effector And Regulatory T Cells To Promote Islet Xenograft Survival
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,542,601.00
Summary
Type 1 diabetes destroys the body’s insulin-producing cells (islets), resulting in high blood sugar levels and the prospect of devastating complications. Replacement of islets by transplantation is the only way to restore normal blood sugar control, but (i) is limited by the shortage of human donors and (ii) carries risks associated with anti-rejection drugs. This project aims to solve both problems by using humanized pigs as donors combined with a novel approach to inducing tolerance to the tra ....Type 1 diabetes destroys the body’s insulin-producing cells (islets), resulting in high blood sugar levels and the prospect of devastating complications. Replacement of islets by transplantation is the only way to restore normal blood sugar control, but (i) is limited by the shortage of human donors and (ii) carries risks associated with anti-rejection drugs. This project aims to solve both problems by using humanized pigs as donors combined with a novel approach to inducing tolerance to the transplanted islets.Read moreRead less
Preventing Blindness: Blocking TGF¤-induced EMT And Cataract Development
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$343,824.00
Summary
Cataract, the loss of transparency of the eye lens, is a major cause of blindness. We have identified molecules in the lens important for maintenance of its transparency and plan to characterise their effectiveness in preventing cataract formation.
Hypothalamic Oxexin-synthesizing Neurons Regulate The Ultradian Basic Rest-Activity Cycle (BRAC); Studies In Transgenic Rats And Mice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$588,418.00
Summary
In the hypothalamus region of the brain there is a group of neurons that synthesize a neuropeptide messenger called orexin. In humans, malfunction of orexin neurons results in narcolepsy (abnormal sleepiness) and in disordered metabolism resulting in obesity. Our experiments, conducted in genetically-modified rats and mice, will elucidate the manner in which the orexin neurons integrate our behaviour (eg eating) with our physiological state (eg body and brain temperature, arterial blood pressure ....In the hypothalamus region of the brain there is a group of neurons that synthesize a neuropeptide messenger called orexin. In humans, malfunction of orexin neurons results in narcolepsy (abnormal sleepiness) and in disordered metabolism resulting in obesity. Our experiments, conducted in genetically-modified rats and mice, will elucidate the manner in which the orexin neurons integrate our behaviour (eg eating) with our physiological state (eg body and brain temperature, arterial blood pressure).Read moreRead less