Regulatory design for water quality management in urban catchments. This project aims, through empirical research (i) to evaluate the effectiveness of current regulatory, quasi-regulatory and other policy strategies for water quality management in urban catchments (including total/integrated catchment management); (ii) to provide practical policy prescriptions concerning how through judicious regulatory and institutional design, those problems may be best addressed for the future; and (iii) adva ....Regulatory design for water quality management in urban catchments. This project aims, through empirical research (i) to evaluate the effectiveness of current regulatory, quasi-regulatory and other policy strategies for water quality management in urban catchments (including total/integrated catchment management); (ii) to provide practical policy prescriptions concerning how through judicious regulatory and institutional design, those problems may be best addressed for the future; and (iii) advance regulatory theory by developing a framework for understanding the relative effectiveness of different regulatory regimes in the context of urban catchment management. Its empirical focus is on the Swan-Canning river in Western Australia.Read moreRead less
Designing Better Landowner Contracts to Protect Australia's Environment. There will be two main benefits from this project. First a reduction in the cost of protecting the environment and second, a greater awareness amongst regulators of the determinants of compliance costs and their variability amongst landowners. By making environmental contracts more efficient, this project will contribute towards making Australian agriculture more sustainable in terms of protecting biodiversity, conserving ....Designing Better Landowner Contracts to Protect Australia's Environment. There will be two main benefits from this project. First a reduction in the cost of protecting the environment and second, a greater awareness amongst regulators of the determinants of compliance costs and their variability amongst landowners. By making environmental contracts more efficient, this project will contribute towards making Australian agriculture more sustainable in terms of protecting biodiversity, conserving water and reducing the rate of soil loss.Read moreRead less
Improving water market outcomes through a better understanding of market behaviour. The issue of water resources and their sustainable use is probably the most important issue facing the rural sector. The water reform process and its aim to secure water for the environment will cause economic and social pain and result in structural change within the irrigation sector. Properly functioning water markets will play an instrumental role in facilitating this process by providing water for the envir ....Improving water market outcomes through a better understanding of market behaviour. The issue of water resources and their sustainable use is probably the most important issue facing the rural sector. The water reform process and its aim to secure water for the environment will cause economic and social pain and result in structural change within the irrigation sector. Properly functioning water markets will play an instrumental role in facilitating this process by providing water for the environment and allowing water to move between competing resources. This study will enable policy makers and water managers to optimise the positive outcome of water markets and increase the likely success of programs to purchase environmental water.Read moreRead less
The impact of water logging on mitochondrial metabolism in leaves and roots of Grey poplar. Water logging and flooding are seasonal occurrences in a variety of environments. These events cause various damage to environments, including damage to plants. The damage to plants has traditionally been associated with annuals, such as various crop species. However larger plants, i.e. trees, are also very susceptible to water-logging and flooding. As it can take from several years to decades for tress t ....The impact of water logging on mitochondrial metabolism in leaves and roots of Grey poplar. Water logging and flooding are seasonal occurrences in a variety of environments. These events cause various damage to environments, including damage to plants. The damage to plants has traditionally been associated with annuals, such as various crop species. However larger plants, i.e. trees, are also very susceptible to water-logging and flooding. As it can take from several years to decades for tress to be established it is important to understand how trees can withstand water-logging and flooding. As tree plantation are uses for commercial and environmental purposes this knowledge will be useful to a broad spectrum of users in the community.Read moreRead less
Economic Analysis of an Environmental Challenge: Salinity, Uncertainty and Property. The applicability of standard property-rights solutions to complex environmental issues such as salinity is examined. Water and carbon trading, as well as issues relating to agricultural land management are addressed. In particular, the use of price instruments as a potentially more attractive mechanism than standard quantity instruments for achieving desirable outcomes is examined. The project will exploit and ....Economic Analysis of an Environmental Challenge: Salinity, Uncertainty and Property. The applicability of standard property-rights solutions to complex environmental issues such as salinity is examined. Water and carbon trading, as well as issues relating to agricultural land management are addressed. In particular, the use of price instruments as a potentially more attractive mechanism than standard quantity instruments for achieving desirable outcomes is examined. The project will exploit and extend recent theoretical developments in modelling under conditions of uncertainty, and the use of price and quantity instruments in regulatory contexts.Read moreRead less
Sustainable farming in Australia: Market instruments for improved land management. Sustainable farming has become a national priority. As climate change and global economic pressures increase the problems facing rural areas, Australian governments have attempted to combine more sustainable land management with a competitive agricultural sector. Several policy instruments using market incentives have been proposed to manage the competing demands of farm viability and environmental sustainability. ....Sustainable farming in Australia: Market instruments for improved land management. Sustainable farming has become a national priority. As climate change and global economic pressures increase the problems facing rural areas, Australian governments have attempted to combine more sustainable land management with a competitive agricultural sector. Several policy instruments using market incentives have been proposed to manage the competing demands of farm viability and environmental sustainability. This project will examine the responses of beef, dairy and grain farmers to these initiatives and their potential for addressing pressing environmental issues. The research will make a vital contribution to the design of policies for the future of farming, resilient rural communities and an environmentally sustainable Australia.Read moreRead less
Solving the water crisis in Australian cities and towns with options contracts between urban and rural water users. We will equip water resource managers with a powerful and effective tool for the allocation of water resources between rural and urban sectors. The importance of this bridge cannot be understated. To date urban centres have endured stringent water restrictions to manage dwindling urban suppliers, while ignoring the potential benefits of purchasing water from the irrigated agricul ....Solving the water crisis in Australian cities and towns with options contracts between urban and rural water users. We will equip water resource managers with a powerful and effective tool for the allocation of water resources between rural and urban sectors. The importance of this bridge cannot be understated. To date urban centres have endured stringent water restrictions to manage dwindling urban suppliers, while ignoring the potential benefits of purchasing water from the irrigated agriculture sector. Furthermore, rural communities have suffered hardship due to restricted agricultural production during times of drought. This research proposal represents an exciting solution to both problems and offers the tantalising prospect of water shortages in our capital cities and towns becoming distant memories.Read moreRead less
Systemic and adaptive water governance: lessons for Australia from China and South Africa. The way we manage catchments under climate change is one of Australia’s major public policy challenges. This project will give new direction to catchment management by developing a science-policy linked, systemic and adaptive water governance mechanism. By recommending policy options for more sustainable water use and creating favourable social-institutional factors for the implementation of these policy o ....Systemic and adaptive water governance: lessons for Australia from China and South Africa. The way we manage catchments under climate change is one of Australia’s major public policy challenges. This project will give new direction to catchment management by developing a science-policy linked, systemic and adaptive water governance mechanism. By recommending policy options for more sustainable water use and creating favourable social-institutional factors for the implementation of these policy options in two Australian catchment authorities through comparative and parallel research in China and South Africa. This project directly addresses the national priority goals of “Water - a critical resource” and “Responding to climate change”. This project will also stress Australia's important role in this globally significant issue. Read moreRead less
Eco-Turf: Water and nutrient use efficient turfgrasses from Australian biodiversity. Domestic water consumption in Australia is approximately 30% higher than the OECD average. Approximately one third of domestic water consumption is applied to the garden, including turfgrass lawns. Turfgrasses are significant users of fertilisers, which can lead to problems with runoff and infiltration into the water table. We will use the unique diversity of Australian couch grasses to identify new turfs for ....Eco-Turf: Water and nutrient use efficient turfgrasses from Australian biodiversity. Domestic water consumption in Australia is approximately 30% higher than the OECD average. Approximately one third of domestic water consumption is applied to the garden, including turfgrass lawns. Turfgrasses are significant users of fertilisers, which can lead to problems with runoff and infiltration into the water table. We will use the unique diversity of Australian couch grasses to identify new turfs for domestic, sportsground and amenity lawns. This project will develop tools to select turfgrasses that maintain quality with reduced inputs of water and nutrients, leading to an overall reduction in resource use and downstream ecological effects. Benefits of this project extend to urban and rural communities Australia-wide.Read moreRead less
Elucidating the interactions between drought tolerance and photoprotection in plants. The 2002-03 drought cost Australia in the order of $10Billion and 70,000 jobs. Associated with reduced rainfall is increased sunlight irradiance, which exacerbates the reduction in crop yield due to the combined damage of a water deficit and oxidative damage caused by the excess light. Plants have networks of responses to minimise damage due to drought and excess light. We have identified a novel class of genes ....Elucidating the interactions between drought tolerance and photoprotection in plants. The 2002-03 drought cost Australia in the order of $10Billion and 70,000 jobs. Associated with reduced rainfall is increased sunlight irradiance, which exacerbates the reduction in crop yield due to the combined damage of a water deficit and oxidative damage caused by the excess light. Plants have networks of responses to minimise damage due to drought and excess light. We have identified a novel class of genes that optimise or alter different aspects of these networks and we wish to define the nature of that optimisation to determine how it could be transfered to crop plants.Read moreRead less