Multimodal Woven BioPolymer Fibre Conduits For Remodelling Damaged Peripheral Nerve
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$686,901.00
Summary
Damage to peripheral nerve arises as a result of trauma or disease ranging in severity from mild to severe incapacitation. Currently surgeons remove healthy nerve from individuals with nerve damage to repair more important priority nerves. We aim to create an effective implant for nerve repair that totally degrades leaving behind the regenerated nerve. This will eliminate the need for nerve harvesting as well as restoring lost nerve function in individuals with nerve injury.
INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF NOVEL METASTATIC MARKERS FOR BREAST CANCER
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$423,564.00
Summary
Breast cancer is the most malignant tumour of women and, despite great advances in detection and treatment, some 30% of women who present with primary breast cancer eventually relapse or die of their disease. Genetic studies have resulted in the rapid identification of the one-third of women at high risk of developing breast cancer because of a family history of the disease: it is hoped that these women will eventually benefit from advances in gene therapy now being developed. For the majority o ....Breast cancer is the most malignant tumour of women and, despite great advances in detection and treatment, some 30% of women who present with primary breast cancer eventually relapse or die of their disease. Genetic studies have resulted in the rapid identification of the one-third of women at high risk of developing breast cancer because of a family history of the disease: it is hoped that these women will eventually benefit from advances in gene therapy now being developed. For the majority of women developing breast cancer, however, the outcome, or prognosis, remains uncertain. The most important indicators of outcome are obtained by study of the excised cancer tissue, and these relate to the speed of growth of the cancer cells and their ability to migrate, or metastasise, to other sites in the body. Studies of cancer tissue using molecular cell biological methods has enabled the identification of several markers that are proving useful as indicators of outcome, and further understanding of the biological functioning of these markers will enable these molecules to be targetted in new treatments aimed at preventing the spread of the cancer. The present study will examine the appearance of new markers for cell migration among breast cancers and measure their value as indicators of outcome. One molecule in particular may be useful as a therapeutic target since it is used by migrating cells during development but is not expressed by normal (non-cancer) adult tissue cells. Towards this, the project will seek to understand how this molecule functions in cell migration.Read moreRead less
Targeting 124I To The DNA Of Tumours For PET Imaging And Auger-Radiotherapy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$787,000.00
Summary
The aim of this project is to develop a new method of targeting radioactivity to tumours, for detection and treatment, using a radioactive element (iodine-124). Iodine-124 emits a form of radiation called positrons, detected by a new imaging technique - Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Therefore, tumours labelled with iodine-124 can be imaged by PET. Also, iodine-124 is amongst a class of radioactive atoms (called Auger-emitters) that emit a shower of very low energy electrons. This intense f ....The aim of this project is to develop a new method of targeting radioactivity to tumours, for detection and treatment, using a radioactive element (iodine-124). Iodine-124 emits a form of radiation called positrons, detected by a new imaging technique - Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Therefore, tumours labelled with iodine-124 can be imaged by PET. Also, iodine-124 is amongst a class of radioactive atoms (called Auger-emitters) that emit a shower of very low energy electrons. This intense focus of radiation damage, can be exploited to kill cancer cells by inflicting lethal DNA damage. To bring the iodine-124 close to the DNA molecule, we will attach it to a DNA-binding drug linked to a tumour-seeking protein, such as an anti-tumour antibody. After injection of the radioactive drug-protein cocktail, PET imaging will be used to assess the extent of tumour targeting, to enable calculation of the amount of cocktail required for successful tumour treatment by further injections. There are some situations where tumour imaging needs to be non-damaging, such as in using PET imaging to assess the success of surgical removal of a tumour. Therefore, we will design an alternative version of the iodine-124-labelled DNA- binding drug with the radioactive atom in a location that will minimise DNA damage from radioactive decay. In this imaging-only scenario, the Auger-emission feature is suppressed whilst still exploiting positron-emission for imaging. The stability of radioactive atoms varies widely, and the half-life of iodine-124 (about four days) is an ideal compromise for imaging and treatment. By contrast, the utility of the most commonly used isotope for PET imaging, fluorine-18, is limited by its half-life of only a few hours. The PET Centre at PeterMac will soon produce iodine-124, joining one of only a few centres throughout the world. Peter Mac has recently lodged a patent application for the technology to be developed in this project.Read moreRead less
BioPolymer Fibres For Remodelling Mdx And Damaged Muscle
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$527,286.00
Summary
This project aims to generate new, smart polymers for use in re-building muscle that has degenerated due to disease and-or trauma damage. The merger of smart polymers with biologically based solutions and cells has great potential to improve outcomes of treatments of damaged muscle in diseases such as Muscular Dystrophy.
Examining The Role Of Profilin As A Regulator Of Cancer Aggressiveness
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$261,778.00
Summary
Cancer treatment in Australia costs ~ $2.7 billion per annum. Current mainstream treatments often cause major side effects and thus less toxic therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Profilin has recently emerged as a promising anti-cancer target. We will investigate how cancer can be suppressed by altering the interaction between profilin and its partners (lipids, phosphoinositides, and actin). This project will provide essential groundwork for the development of novel cancer therapeutics.
Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Studies Of The Newer Immunosuppressants
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$406,650.00
Summary
After an organ transplant (such as a liver or kidney transplant), people need to take medicines continually to stop their immune systems from rejecting their new organ. This treatment with immunosuppressant drugs is vital for long-term success of the graft. These drugs are designed to prevent rejection in patients who have received organ transplants (e.g. kidney, liver) and are also being used to treat a variety of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. However, too many people are ....After an organ transplant (such as a liver or kidney transplant), people need to take medicines continually to stop their immune systems from rejecting their new organ. This treatment with immunosuppressant drugs is vital for long-term success of the graft. These drugs are designed to prevent rejection in patients who have received organ transplants (e.g. kidney, liver) and are also being used to treat a variety of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. However, too many people are losing transplanted organs, or not achieving remission from their autoimmune diseases, or are experiencing significant illness and sometimes death from over immunosuppression (infection or side effects) because these drugs are not being used in the best way. The quality and duration of life of increasing numbers of Australians is being affected by lack of understanding and application of some basic principles about dosing regimens for these drugs. The aim of this project is to accurately define the best way to dose these newer immunosuppressant drugs in Australian populations, before they become more widely used .Read moreRead less
Next-generation Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapies Based On Multistage Delivery Nanovectors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$314,644.00
Summary
Nanomedicine provides novel therapies with enhanced treatment success and reduced side effects, which improve the patient’s quality of life. Drug delivery systems that are able to treat highly drug-resistant tumours such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are a key target for nanomedicine-based therapies. We will investigate a new GBM treatment by developing a multistage delivery nanovector to selectively carry and release a combination of chemical and physical therapeutics.
Preclinical Development Of A Therapeutic Anticancer Antibody To C-Met
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$435,530.00
Summary
Many common cancers cannot be effectively treated. A range of these cancers (e.g. gastric and lung cancer) display the molecule c-Met on their cell surface. c-Met promotes tumour growth; therefore, blocking c-Met is a promising strategy for treating these cancers. However, no antibodies or drugs that target c-Met have been licensed. The therapeutics that are being developed to target c-Met all have considerable limitations. Thus, there is an opportunity to develop a 'best-in-class' therapeutic.
Therapeutic Targeting Of MYCN Oncoprotein Stability In Neuroblastoma
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$590,206.00
Summary
A high level of MYCN protein is a major indicator of aggressive neuroblastoma (NB) but unfortunately there have been many barriers to the design of targeted therapies. We have identified a protein called PA2G4 which is a cofactor for MYCN in promoting cancer cell growth. We have developed a compound which inhibits PA2G4 and MYCN protein levels and reduces tumour growth. We will examine how PA2G4 cause aggressive tumour characteristics and test new methods to block PA2G4.
Antibiotic Potentiators As An Alternative Therapeutic Option For The Treatment Of Extensively Drug-resistant Gram-negative Infections
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$856,858.00
Summary
Antibiotic mono-therapies are increasingly ineffective for hard-to-treat bacterial infections, forcing clinicians to rely on combinations of antibiotics. Our project has identified compounds that have weak to no antimicrobial potency in their own right, yet when combined with an existing antibiotic they potentiate its activity and restore its ability to treat resistant infections. These antibiotic potentiators are exciting alternatives to current therapies with reduced risk of induced resistance