Electrochemically Driven Molybdoenzyme Catalysis. Enzymes that catalyse oxidation and reduction reactions need to exchange electrons with their substrate and this supply of electrons needs to be sustained. Artificially reconstituted systems can be developed where the enzyme is coupled with an electrode and the current (electrons) exchanged during the reaction are measured directly. In this project we will reveal whether some unusual and unexplained electrochemical phenomena seen before are relat ....Electrochemically Driven Molybdoenzyme Catalysis. Enzymes that catalyse oxidation and reduction reactions need to exchange electrons with their substrate and this supply of electrons needs to be sustained. Artificially reconstituted systems can be developed where the enzyme is coupled with an electrode and the current (electrons) exchanged during the reaction are measured directly. In this project we will reveal whether some unusual and unexplained electrochemical phenomena seen before are related to the properties of the enzymes themselves or the ways in which their experiments have been conducted.Read moreRead less
New Methods to Harvest Light: Towards Better Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) technology has emerged as a complementary energy source to silicon photovoltaic technology. The efficiency of the DSC relies heavily on sensitizing molecules to absorb solar photons and then transfer electrons to a semi-conducting particle. This project will investigate new sensitizing methods using a combination of different dyes which work cooperatively to absorb a large part of the solar ....New Methods to Harvest Light: Towards Better Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) technology has emerged as a complementary energy source to silicon photovoltaic technology. The efficiency of the DSC relies heavily on sensitizing molecules to absorb solar photons and then transfer electrons to a semi-conducting particle. This project will investigate new sensitizing methods using a combination of different dyes which work cooperatively to absorb a large part of the solar spectrum and efficiently inject electrons into a semi-conducting particles. The development and understanding of these new methods to sensitize the dye-sensitized solar cell should lead to new and better solar cells.Read moreRead less
Electrochemically, photochemically and magnetically tuneable organic semi-conducting electrodes for probing biologically important redox chemistry and catalysis. Newly developed tuneable, semi-conductor electrode materials will facilitate substantial advances in electrochemistry. The almost unprecedented levels of flexibility with respect to metal and organic constituents will facilitate insights into biologically important electron transfer and coupled catalytic processes and promote commercia ....Electrochemically, photochemically and magnetically tuneable organic semi-conducting electrodes for probing biologically important redox chemistry and catalysis. Newly developed tuneable, semi-conductor electrode materials will facilitate substantial advances in electrochemistry. The almost unprecedented levels of flexibility with respect to metal and organic constituents will facilitate insights into biologically important electron transfer and coupled catalytic processes and promote commercial opportunities for sensor development. Electrochemistry represents an enabling discipline in science. The project offers the opportunity for high quality multi-disciplinary doctoral training, integration of skills of scientists from different backgrounds and opportunities to work in world-class national and international infrastructure in the areas of chemistry, biological chemistry and materials science.Read moreRead less
Molybdenum enzyme electrochemical communication. This project aims to understand the activity of three novel, but related, molybdenum enzymes, human mARC and its bacterial homologs YcbX and YiiM. The role of mARC in humans remains unknown twelve years after its discovery. All three enzymes catalyse the reduction of potentially harmful N-hydroxylated compounds and there is interest in this area from the perspective of drug design. This project will apply an electrochemical methodology to rapidly ....Molybdenum enzyme electrochemical communication. This project aims to understand the activity of three novel, but related, molybdenum enzymes, human mARC and its bacterial homologs YcbX and YiiM. The role of mARC in humans remains unknown twelve years after its discovery. All three enzymes catalyse the reduction of potentially harmful N-hydroxylated compounds and there is interest in this area from the perspective of drug design. This project will apply an electrochemical methodology to rapidly identify enzyme substrates and inhibitors. Molybdenum enzymes pervade all life forms and the outcomes of this research include a unified understanding of an emerging enzyme class involved in drug metabolism.Read moreRead less
Preparation of nanostructured surfaces by electrochemical deposition through lyotropic liquid-crystal templates. Hexagonal-phase lyotropic liquid crystals may be used as templates to deposit metals on electrodes. The sizes of the structures made by this method are a few nanometres. We propose to exploit both the aqueous and non-aqueous parts of the liquid crystal to deposit different metals, polymers or metals and polymers. Thin metal wires (nano-wires) sheathed in polymer will be the thinnest i ....Preparation of nanostructured surfaces by electrochemical deposition through lyotropic liquid-crystal templates. Hexagonal-phase lyotropic liquid crystals may be used as templates to deposit metals on electrodes. The sizes of the structures made by this method are a few nanometres. We propose to exploit both the aqueous and non-aqueous parts of the liquid crystal to deposit different metals, polymers or metals and polymers. Thin metal wires (nano-wires) sheathed in polymer will be the thinnest insulated wires ever made. Carbon nanotubes will also be aligned in the hexagonal hole in the template allowing exploitation of these unique species. The structures that will be fabricated will be candidates for catalysts, sensor arrays and electronic devices.Read moreRead less
Bioelectrochemical interconversion of the building blocks of life. This project aims to harness the efficiency of enzymes (Nature’s catalysts) by coupling them with an electrode for the electrochemical interconversion of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and formate; the organic building blocks of life. The significance of this research is that the efficient capture and reduction of carbon dioxide is an important quest in the environment and energy sectors. The expected outcomes of this project wi ....Bioelectrochemical interconversion of the building blocks of life. This project aims to harness the efficiency of enzymes (Nature’s catalysts) by coupling them with an electrode for the electrochemical interconversion of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and formate; the organic building blocks of life. The significance of this research is that the efficient capture and reduction of carbon dioxide is an important quest in the environment and energy sectors. The expected outcomes of this project will be an understanding of the reactivity of these enzymes and the conditions under which they may be utilised as part of a renewable electrochemical system. Benefits of this research should emerge in energy efficient technologies for generating fuels (formic acid) from waste products (carbon dioxide).Read moreRead less
Biotransformation and biodegradation of organic nitrogen compounds from wastewater in bio-electrochemical systems. The rapid emergence of water recycling in Australia requires more vigilant control of pollutants that are discharged to sewers. This project will develop a novel, cost-effective process to remove organic nitrogen compounds (and likely other organics) present in many industrial wastewaters. It could provide an excellent solution for the pre-treatment of such industrial wastewaters at ....Biotransformation and biodegradation of organic nitrogen compounds from wastewater in bio-electrochemical systems. The rapid emergence of water recycling in Australia requires more vigilant control of pollutants that are discharged to sewers. This project will develop a novel, cost-effective process to remove organic nitrogen compounds (and likely other organics) present in many industrial wastewaters. It could provide an excellent solution for the pre-treatment of such industrial wastewaters at the source without any chemical addition, hence reducing the challenge and risks facing the water recycling plants. This innovative technology will further expand the growing research capacity and know-how in water recycling in Australia.Read moreRead less
Organic electrofunctinal materials: Novel conducting Polymer and Carbon nanotube systems. Inherently conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes will be modified to enhance their ability to function as electrodes used in areas such as sensors, actuators(artificial muscles), energy conversion (Photovoltaics) and storage(batteries, supercapacitors).
The modified materials and systems containing them will be amenable to fabrication into ordered structures, or integration with hosts such as fabrics. ....Organic electrofunctinal materials: Novel conducting Polymer and Carbon nanotube systems. Inherently conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes will be modified to enhance their ability to function as electrodes used in areas such as sensors, actuators(artificial muscles), energy conversion (Photovoltaics) and storage(batteries, supercapacitors).
The modified materials and systems containing them will be amenable to fabrication into ordered structures, or integration with hosts such as fabrics. This latter feature is particularly exciting in that it will accelerate developments in the area of intelligent textiles and fabrics with sensing, actuating and energy conversion/storage capabilities.Read moreRead less
The fate of copper in atom transfer radical reactions. Copper (Cu) complexes of poly-amine ligands have emerged as extremely active homogeneous catalysts in atom transfer radical reactions, forming organic radicals from alkyl halide precursors, and they are now employed extensively in polymer and organic chemistry. The catalyst cycles between its Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states reversibly yet both forms are susceptible to side reactions, particularly with solvents which can lead to loss of cat ....The fate of copper in atom transfer radical reactions. Copper (Cu) complexes of poly-amine ligands have emerged as extremely active homogeneous catalysts in atom transfer radical reactions, forming organic radicals from alkyl halide precursors, and they are now employed extensively in polymer and organic chemistry. The catalyst cycles between its Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states reversibly yet both forms are susceptible to side reactions, particularly with solvents which can lead to loss of catalytic activity. This project aims to apply a multifaceted approach to interrogate the catalysts in both their Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states and identify for the first time the pathways that lead to undesirable side reactions and provide new ways of optimising catalyst performance.Read moreRead less
Light-Driven Chemistry with Nanostructured Polyanilines. This project seeks to understand and exploit the rich photochemistry for an important class of electrically conducting polymers, namely polyanilines. Light stimulated electron transfer events will be employed in a wide range of exciting applications. The new fundamental knowledge gained will be used to design novel photochemical routes to functionalised polyanilines. The ability to produce solutions, films and especially nanoparticles of p ....Light-Driven Chemistry with Nanostructured Polyanilines. This project seeks to understand and exploit the rich photochemistry for an important class of electrically conducting polymers, namely polyanilines. Light stimulated electron transfer events will be employed in a wide range of exciting applications. The new fundamental knowledge gained will be used to design novel photochemical routes to functionalised polyanilines. The ability to produce solutions, films and especially nanoparticles of polyanilines as photo-catalysts should result in novel light-driven processes of industrial/environmental significance (eg. reduction of carbon dioxide), as well as new light-promoted electronic communication with important biological molecules.Read moreRead less