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Angiotensin II AT2 Receptor In Diabetic Atherosclerosis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$477,472.00
Summary
Activation of the angiotensin 2 receptor may have effects leading to large artery disease in diabetes. We will investigate the role of the AT2 receptor in diabetes using knockout animals, novel blockers and activators and most importantly the role of the AT2 receptor in macrophages in diabetes.
Acoustic Blood Pressure Measurement On Implanted Biomedical Surfaces
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$184,687.00
Summary
Measurement of local blood pressure in is of great clinical importance. An application of particular interest is the pressure measurement in and around endoluminal stents grafts, which are used for the treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAAs). These grafts are implanted by keyhole surgery and are used to reduce the pressure on the aneurysm walls so that the artery can revert to its more anatomically correct shape on a timescale of one to two years. If the seal between the graft and the art ....Measurement of local blood pressure in is of great clinical importance. An application of particular interest is the pressure measurement in and around endoluminal stents grafts, which are used for the treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAAs). These grafts are implanted by keyhole surgery and are used to reduce the pressure on the aneurysm walls so that the artery can revert to its more anatomically correct shape on a timescale of one to two years. If the seal between the graft and the artery wall is not blood tight, then the aneurysm can become repressurised and may keep on expanding. Over time, an untreated, expanding AAA is likely to rupture with severe consequences for the patient. Thus a convenient, non-invasive means of measuring the pressure within the aneurysm and within the graft is highly desirable. In this proposal, we seek to produce a device that can be incorporated into the walls of the endoluminal graft, which can measure absolute pressure inside and outside the graft and where the pressure measurements can be obtained via standard acoustic or medical ultrasound equipment. To do this, we would use specially designed 'bubbles' which can be incorporated onto either side of the graft walls, where the resonant frequency of the bubbles provides a direct measurement of the pressure around the bubbles. Trials at the CSIRO have found that pressures can be measured to a resolution of better than 10 mmHg by using this technique on air bubbles in water. In this proposal, we wish to develop flexible, but semi-permanent bubbles that can be incorporated onto a biomedical implant surface. If such bubbles can be made, the researchers will use CSIRO-developed software and acoustic equipment such that local blood pressure can be measured in real time.Read moreRead less
Molecular Analysis Of Pathways In Diabetes (MAPDB) Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$3,348,000.00
Summary
The sequence of human genome provides a complete part-list of the genes and proteins that make our bodies. A most unknown subset of these parts work together in molecular pathways that underpin susceptibility and resistance to Type 1 diabetes and its complications. The MAPDB study will link patients, families, doctors, genome experts, immunologists, physiologists, statisticians and data base programmers together to illuminate these molecular pathways. In particular, the study will reveal genes a ....The sequence of human genome provides a complete part-list of the genes and proteins that make our bodies. A most unknown subset of these parts work together in molecular pathways that underpin susceptibility and resistance to Type 1 diabetes and its complications. The MAPDB study will link patients, families, doctors, genome experts, immunologists, physiologists, statisticians and data base programmers together to illuminate these molecular pathways. In particular, the study will reveal genes and pathways that medicate protection from diabetes and its complications - either by inhibiting T cell responses to pancreatic beta cells, protecting or regenerating beta cells in the face of metabolic or immunologic stress, or protecting eyes and kidneys from the damaging effects of high blood glucose. By identifying genes and proteins with these functions, the study will enable new treatments to be developed aimed at augmenting these protective pathways, to prevent diabetes starting in children at risk, and to preserve beta cell mass, protect transplanted stem cells or beta cells, and prevent eye and kidney damage in people already affected by Type 1 diabetes. Genes and proteins that are needed for T cell attack on beta cells will also be revealed. This information will enable new treatments to be developed that block these processes, to prevent diabetes from starting, to preserve beta cell mass and to prevent destruction of transplanted stem cells or beta cells. The MAPDB study will also identify different versions-alleles- of many of the genes in the pathways described above. Particular combinations of these gene alleles will be defines that can identify people at high risk of developing Type 1 diabetes, risk of cell or islet transplantation rejection, or at most risk for eye-kidney complications. Different gene combinations may be found that allow different kinds of Type 1 diabetes to distinguished. By creating ways to identify and distinguish people's individual risk, the study will yield diagnostic tests to enable new treatments and clinical trials to be targeted.Read moreRead less