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Preservation And Generation Of Beta Cells In Type 1 Diabetes With Novel Mimetic Peptides
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,096,055.00
Summary
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that destroys insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. It can cause heart and kidney disease, and nerve damage. T1D is treated with insulin injections that can cause life-threatening low blood sugar levels. We have developed a new treatment that may stop beta cell loss, generate new beta cells and remove the need for insulin injections in T1D patients. A positive outcome will identify a completely new T1D treatment option.
Over 2 million Australians have diabetes and up to one in three adults will develop diabetes or pre-diabetes in their lifetime with the associated burden of complications. It is not simply genetics, as the genetic variability cannot explain why some individuals and indeed some families appear to be programmed to have an inordinate burden of complications. Over the last decade we have developed state of the art technologies to characterise epigenetic changes in human clinical cohorts.
Casting The Net: A New Approach To Identify Therapeutics To Treat Type-2 Diabetes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,068,283.00
Summary
The discovery of treatments for type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a national health priority. In T2D, cells in the brain become 'insulin resistant' resulting in dangerously high blood sugar levels. There are no treatments for brain insulin resistance. The extracellular structures that surround brain cells undergo change in T2D, resulting in insulin resistance. By furthering understanding of these extracellular brain structures, this proposal will identify new drug targets to treat T2D.
Tolerising Antigen-specific Immunotherapy For Type 1 Diabetes
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,395,549.00
Summary
We have developed a new immunotherapy to treat the underlying causes of type 1 diabetes (T1D) while leaving the rest of the immune system intact. To use this in patients, we need better tests to know when immune therapy is working. We will develop new methods to design the therapy and tools to track the relevant immune cells in T1D that work in variable patient groups. The knowledge gained will speed the pace of development and increase the chance of success of immunotherapy in T1D.
Does Chronic Stress Drive Obesity And Type 2 Diabetes?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,440,404.00
Summary
There is now good evidence that chronic stress, whether that be work stress or shift work can negatively impact on metabolic health and contribute to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This proposal will explore the molecular mechanisms by which stress contributes to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In particular we determine how stress affects the brain's ability to coordinate the utilisation of energy and nutrients.
Preventing Diabetic Complications Using Anti-inflammatory Peptides
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$805,146.00
Summary
The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) triggers inflammation. It was thought that this receptor was only activated from outside the cell. However, we discovered that other receptors can activate it from the inside. This is called trans-activation. During this ideas grant, we will develop innovative ways to block trans-activation of RAGE and translate these findings to make new therapeutics that are highly-relevant to he development and progression of diabetes.
Personalised Nutrition To Revolutionise Gestational Diabetes Prevention
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$854,008.00
Summary
Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects 1 in 7 pregnant women, significantly increasing future risk for cardiovascular diseases in women and offspring. Clinical management of GDM is a healthy diet; but this one-size fits all approach is ineffective. We need to prevent GDM. We will use dietary modelling to inform culturally acceptable, personalised nutrition plans that will reverse metabolic risk factors to prevent GDM. Personalised nutrition represents a paradigm shift for current clinical care.
Tuberculosis kills more people than any other infectious disease, and approximately one-third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This situation is largely due to the low efficacy of the only licensed TB vaccine, BCG, and the 'black box' of what constitutes protection against TB. This project aims to unravel the mechanisms of protective immunity against TB to develop a highly protective vaccine.