Why conserve genetic variation? Is this misdirected effort or a crucial concern? In attempting to conserve populations of threatened plants, ecosystem managers must prioritise allocation of resources to both immediate and long-term threats, including loss of genetic variation. This study will determine the importance of maintaining existing genetic variation within populations of several species in a major Australian plant group. As well as advancing theory in the area of plant ecological genet ....Why conserve genetic variation? Is this misdirected effort or a crucial concern? In attempting to conserve populations of threatened plants, ecosystem managers must prioritise allocation of resources to both immediate and long-term threats, including loss of genetic variation. This study will determine the importance of maintaining existing genetic variation within populations of several species in a major Australian plant group. As well as advancing theory in the area of plant ecological genetics and evolutionary biology, our results will provide a stronger scientific basis for the development of conservation policy and management decisions for conserving threatened plant species. Read moreRead less
Fire, bees and other disturbances: the basis for variation in genetic diversity in long-lived plants. An understanding of processes generating temporal and spatial patterns of genetic diversity in perennial plants must underpin successful conservation. Our long-term study will exploit systems in the family Proteaceae in which we have completed foundation studies. We will develop and extend molecular techniques to measure (i) genetic changes from seed to adult, (ii) gene flow by different pollina ....Fire, bees and other disturbances: the basis for variation in genetic diversity in long-lived plants. An understanding of processes generating temporal and spatial patterns of genetic diversity in perennial plants must underpin successful conservation. Our long-term study will exploit systems in the family Proteaceae in which we have completed foundation studies. We will develop and extend molecular techniques to measure (i) genetic changes from seed to adult, (ii) gene flow by different pollinator classes, and (iii) genetic contamination by foreign gene pools, in systems affected by introduced pollinators and natural and cultivar hybridization. Most importantly, we will use fire as an accelerant of generational change and test fitness consequences of changes in genotypic diversity.Read moreRead less
Conjugate natural convection boundary layers. Conjugate natural convection systems occur when a conducting vertical wall separates fluids at different temperatures (that is at a window separating the interior of a room from the outside or when a container of fluid is placed in a refrigerator). This project will provide accurate predictions of such flows together with scaling relations.
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE180100203
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$956,700.00
Summary
Novel diagnostics capabilities in reacting, particle-laden flows. This project aims to establish innovative capabilities for advanced diagnostics techniques to be applied in reacting, particle-laden flows over a range of pressures. The complementary measurements are expected to provide an unprecedented understanding of the dynamics of liquid fragments and solid particles in flames. The resulting data, and improved knowledge, will set the framework for more effective predictive methods that assis ....Novel diagnostics capabilities in reacting, particle-laden flows. This project aims to establish innovative capabilities for advanced diagnostics techniques to be applied in reacting, particle-laden flows over a range of pressures. The complementary measurements are expected to provide an unprecedented understanding of the dynamics of liquid fragments and solid particles in flames. The resulting data, and improved knowledge, will set the framework for more effective predictive methods that assist in the design of cleaner and efficient processes that benefit a range of applications, from engine design to the generation of new fuels, and the flame synthesis of novel materials.Read moreRead less
A new phylogenetic framework for estimating local, regional, and global biodiversity. Australia is one of the 12 megadiverse countries that together account for 75% of global biodiversity. Invertebrates comprise the single largest component of biodiversity. The Australian invertebrate fauna is poorly known and therefore most conservation planning takes place in the absence of knowledge about the group that contributes most to biodiversity. This project will provide novel methods for estimating i ....A new phylogenetic framework for estimating local, regional, and global biodiversity. Australia is one of the 12 megadiverse countries that together account for 75% of global biodiversity. Invertebrates comprise the single largest component of biodiversity. The Australian invertebrate fauna is poorly known and therefore most conservation planning takes place in the absence of knowledge about the group that contributes most to biodiversity. This project will provide novel methods for estimating invertebrate species richness for conservation planning as well as contributing to the important debate about the magnitude and distribution of global biodiversity.Read moreRead less
Refining Restoration Ecology: Is Range of Historical Variability an appropriate concept to guide ecosystem management and restoration? Ecosystem restoration is an urgent task in many Australian landscapes. Range of Historical Variability (RHV) theory provides an influential but largely untested framework to guide restoration activities. We will test the RHV proposition that biodiversity conservation is enhanced if the structure of altered ecosystems is restored within the pre-settlement range. P ....Refining Restoration Ecology: Is Range of Historical Variability an appropriate concept to guide ecosystem management and restoration? Ecosystem restoration is an urgent task in many Australian landscapes. Range of Historical Variability (RHV) theory provides an influential but largely untested framework to guide restoration activities. We will test the RHV proposition that biodiversity conservation is enhanced if the structure of altered ecosystems is restored within the pre-settlement range. Plants, vertebrates and invertebrates will be compared between ?unrestored? Callitris woodlands dominated by post-settlement regrowth, and ?restored? stands where regrowth has been reduced within the RHV. This will be the first test of RHV theory to encompass a range of taxonomic and functional groups at both local and landscape scales.Read moreRead less
Plant diversity in restored native vegetation of agricultural landscapes. This project will assess the success of current practices of native vegetation restoration in agricultural regions, ie whether they provide sustainable habitat for native plant species. While there is currently a massive expenditure on revegetation in agriculture, there has been almost no assessment of whether it works well or not. This study will compare the plant species present in restored and comparable native vegeta ....Plant diversity in restored native vegetation of agricultural landscapes. This project will assess the success of current practices of native vegetation restoration in agricultural regions, ie whether they provide sustainable habitat for native plant species. While there is currently a massive expenditure on revegetation in agriculture, there has been almost no assessment of whether it works well or not. This study will compare the plant species present in restored and comparable native vegetation. Additionally, intensive study of some key plant species will be undertaken to determine what features of these plants enable them to persist in restored patches. Outcomes include new assessment techniques and original data.Read moreRead less
Restoration of temperate eucalypt woodland: getting it right. Eucalypt woodlands of southern Australia have been heavily cleared for agriculture: much effort and expense is going towards revegetation of these woodlands to conserve biodiversity, and restore ecosystem services they provide. Current restoration methods are purely empirical, with little understanding of why they work. This project will experimentally investigate revegetation practices to uncover ecological processes they utilise, an ....Restoration of temperate eucalypt woodland: getting it right. Eucalypt woodlands of southern Australia have been heavily cleared for agriculture: much effort and expense is going towards revegetation of these woodlands to conserve biodiversity, and restore ecosystem services they provide. Current restoration methods are purely empirical, with little understanding of why they work. This project will experimentally investigate revegetation practices to uncover ecological processes they utilise, and other ecological processes that potentially can be utilised but are currently not. The cost-effectiveness of different practices will be compared. The outcome of the project will be revegetation practices for eucalypt woodlands that are evidence-based and cost-effective, rather than rule of thumb.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0346454
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$100,000.00
Summary
Native plant mesocosm facility. Mesocosms allow ecological processes to be studied at scales intermediate between the field and laboratory. We will establish a native plant mesocosm, allowing us to accurately manipulate environmental factors such as soil moisture, mineral nutrients and temperature. This will enable us to assess how plants adjust resource allocation patterns and determine genotypic and phenotypic responses to varying environmental conditions. Such research will provide insight in ....Native plant mesocosm facility. Mesocosms allow ecological processes to be studied at scales intermediate between the field and laboratory. We will establish a native plant mesocosm, allowing us to accurately manipulate environmental factors such as soil moisture, mineral nutrients and temperature. This will enable us to assess how plants adjust resource allocation patterns and determine genotypic and phenotypic responses to varying environmental conditions. Such research will provide insight into how native plants persist in and adapt to changing environmental conditions. The facility will strengthen existing collaboration with NSW NPWS, enhance post-graduate and post-doctoral training, and provide improved conservation and management outcomes for native plants.Read moreRead less
Fire severity, habitat heterogeneity and life histories. Resolving the persistence ability of plants in frequently fired landscapes. The wise management of Australia's biodiversity has major economic and social benefits for the nation through the provision of ecosystem services, bio-products and tourism. Fire is a pivotal environmental factor that will continue to influence plant biodiversity in fire-prone ecosystems. Inappropriate fire regimes, however, threaten biodiversity through disruption ....Fire severity, habitat heterogeneity and life histories. Resolving the persistence ability of plants in frequently fired landscapes. The wise management of Australia's biodiversity has major economic and social benefits for the nation through the provision of ecosystem services, bio-products and tourism. Fire is a pivotal environmental factor that will continue to influence plant biodiversity in fire-prone ecosystems. Inappropriate fire regimes, however, threaten biodiversity through disruption of life cycles. If too many or too few fires occur in an area this can lead to decline and extinction of plant and animal species. This research will provide a risk-assessment tool for the management of biodiversity to reverse population declines and prevent extinctions.
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