The Efficacy Of Adjunctive S-Adenosyl Methionine (SAMe) Versus A Combination Nutraceutical In Clinical Depression: A Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$800,264.00
Summary
An emerging approach to treat depression is via the use of adjunctive nutraceuticals (nutrient-based natural products). Specific antidepressant nutraceuticals can target a range of key neurological pathways that can treat depression. We are conducting an 8 week clinical trial comparing the efficacy of a range of nutraceuticals- such as folic acid, omega-3, and zinc, in adults with depression who are non-responsive to current pharmaceutical antidepressants.
Mechanisms Of Mindfulness Meditation, Cognitive Therapy, And Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy For Low Back Pain
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$320,891.00
Summary
Up to 80% of Australians experience back pain and 10% have significant disability as a result. There is a critical need for the development and evaluation of innovative treatments that have the capacity to target the multidimensional nature of CLBP. This study will compare the effects and mechanisms of Mindfulness Meditation, Cognitive Therapy, and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for CLBP. Results will ultimately lead to streamlined interventions designed to efficiently maximise benefit.
Drug Interactions Involving Complementary Medicines: Effects Of Phytoestrogenic Isoflavones.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$196,018.00
Summary
Isoflavones are naturally occurring chemicals that have become widely recognised as 'phytoestrogens'. These are plant-derived compounds with a biological activity that resembles that of the human hormone, estrogen. Pharmaceutical preparations containing isoflavones, as herbal extracts, are currently available over-the-counter from pharmacies and health-food outlets and are being heavily promoted in the lay press. For example, Promensil, which contains 40mg of isoflavones per tablet, is being pro ....Isoflavones are naturally occurring chemicals that have become widely recognised as 'phytoestrogens'. These are plant-derived compounds with a biological activity that resembles that of the human hormone, estrogen. Pharmaceutical preparations containing isoflavones, as herbal extracts, are currently available over-the-counter from pharmacies and health-food outlets and are being heavily promoted in the lay press. For example, Promensil, which contains 40mg of isoflavones per tablet, is being promoted for use in women over the age of 45 years and Trinovin is being promoted for men over 50. It is well recognised that patients taking more than one drug may experience an adverse event as a consequence of one drug altering the way in which the body handles another. Therefore, a new 'conventional' drug cannot be marketed unless information on its ability to alter the handling of other drugs is provided to the relevant regulatory body. In stark contrast, there is comparatively little information required for the marketing of herbal products such as isoflavones, despite the fact that these products will be made available over-the-counter for self-medication. We hypothesise that isoflavones will be capable of interacting with conventional drugs and we will be conducting a range of experiments to address this hypothesis. At present little or no consideration is given to the safety issues that arise from the use of herbal remedies in general, not only the isoflavones. Therefore a patient taking a range of conventional drugs is able to purchase a herbal remedy, over-the-counter, with no consultation with a health professional. If we discover that isoflavones can alter the handling of conventional drugs by the body, then certain precautions will need to be taken in defining their safety in humans. The result may also have implications for the use of other complementary medicines.Read moreRead less
The Influence Of Acupuncture Stimulation On The Induction Of Labour : A Randomised Controlled Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$123,874.00
Summary
Acupuncture, the insertion of fine needles, into specific areas of the body is increasingly being used to treat a number of conditions. During pregnancy and childbirth, women are looking to the complimentary therapies. There is interest in safe and more natural methods to induce labour in women with prolonged pregnancy. Small studies have been undertaken and these show that acupuncture may have a role with inducing labour. However, these studies were small and there is a need for a larger well d ....Acupuncture, the insertion of fine needles, into specific areas of the body is increasingly being used to treat a number of conditions. During pregnancy and childbirth, women are looking to the complimentary therapies. There is interest in safe and more natural methods to induce labour in women with prolonged pregnancy. Small studies have been undertaken and these show that acupuncture may have a role with inducing labour. However, these studies were small and there is a need for a larger well designed study to see whether acupuncture really does help with inducing labour. This study assesses whether women who have prolonged pregnancy can be successfully induced using acupuncture treatment. Women booked for a medical induction will be offered the opportunity to take part in the trial. Women interested in taking part in the trial will be randomly entered into one of two groups. One group will receive acupuncture and the other group will be given placebo- sham acupuncture. This second group involves the insertion of the needles into areas away from classical acupuncture points. Participation in the trial will take place over a two day period prior to the date of their planned induction. Each treatment will take one hour. Prior to term, focus groups will be held with women examining thier views on the use of acupuncture during pregnancy. All women will be asked to complete a questionnaire after the birth of their baby, this will ask for their views on acupuncture, their expectation and satisfaction from their birthing experience. There is no information to suggest there are any risks or side effects associated with the treatment. In 2001 we expect to report on the effectiveness of this treatment on the induction of labour and maintenance of labour and assessment of whether this treatment meets women's expectations and satisfaction. If the results are positive, it is hoped this will become an option for women requiring an induction of labour.Read moreRead less
How Consumers Negotiate Between Complementary And Conventional Health Systems - A Qualitative Study Of Depression
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$251,645.00
Summary
This project explores how people with depression negotiate their health care between the complementary and conventional health systems. We will interview consumers about their experiences and present these findings to focus groups of general practitioners, naturopaths and educators. Our findings will be used to assist in getting the best possible education and health policy for doctors, naturopaths and the community to ensure safe use of medicines.
Combined Electroacupuncture And Cognitive Behavioural Therapy For Tension-type Headache: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$302,068.00
Summary
Tension-type headache (TTH) affects many and the direct and indirect costs are significant. Medications are either not effective long-term or have side-effects. Acupuncture and Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) are effective and safe treatments. The combination of acupuncture and CBT could provide a better outcome. We will undertake a rigorous clinical study to evaluate this. This is the first examination of the combination, and will be of significant value to patients and to clinicians.
Interactions Between Herbal Medicines And The Anticoagulant Warfarin
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$440,250.00
Summary
Complementary medicines are used widely in our community. Products are advertised as safe despite the fact that many have never been systematically tested for either efficacy or safety. Little is known about the potential for herbal medicines to interact with conventional medicines which may lead to potentially serious consequences. Clinical reports suggest that there is potential for an interaction between warfarin and herbal medicines. Interactions with warfarin in patients receiving the drug ....Complementary medicines are used widely in our community. Products are advertised as safe despite the fact that many have never been systematically tested for either efficacy or safety. Little is known about the potential for herbal medicines to interact with conventional medicines which may lead to potentially serious consequences. Clinical reports suggest that there is potential for an interaction between warfarin and herbal medicines. Interactions with warfarin in patients receiving the drug as part of their therapy can be life threatening. Identifying and avoiding significant drug interactions with warfarin can reduce patient problems caused by excessive bleeding, reduce length of hospital stay and decrease the need for frequent blood monitoring. The present study design will also provide a valuable insight into possible interactions with other medicines by understanding the mechanism of possible herb-drug interactions.Read moreRead less
Tailoring Adjunct Glycine Therapy In Schizophrenia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$447,353.00
Summary
‘Glycine’ is an amino acid that can be purchased ‘over the counter’ at health food shops in Australia. Although traditionally administered as a dietary supplement, recently there has been considerable excitement in the psychiatric community due to its ability to improve schizophrenia symptoms when administered in conjunction with mainstream medications. However, two issues need to be resolved in order for glycine to be employed as a routine therapy in schizophrenia. Firstly, this treatment is on ....‘Glycine’ is an amino acid that can be purchased ‘over the counter’ at health food shops in Australia. Although traditionally administered as a dietary supplement, recently there has been considerable excitement in the psychiatric community due to its ability to improve schizophrenia symptoms when administered in conjunction with mainstream medications. However, two issues need to be resolved in order for glycine to be employed as a routine therapy in schizophrenia. Firstly, this treatment is only effective in some patients, and we have no way of determining which patients will benefit from glycine. Secondly, there are both theoretical reasons and experimental evidence that glycine administration can cause severe impairment for some individuals. Thus although there is great potential for glycine to ease the burden of schizophrenia symptoms, these two issues need to be resolved before this possibility can be actualised. Theoretical considerations, supported by pilot research of the investigators, point to the view that schizophrenia patients’ baseline glycine level is the critical factor that determines whether a patient will benefit or be impaired by glycine therapy. This thesis offers a testable means with which to resolve the above limitations to the use of glycine. The purpose of the current research program is thus to provide the basis for rational prescription of glycine as an additional therapeutic tool in schizophrenia.Read moreRead less
Does Regular Tai Chi Practice Delay Ageing Of Cells And Improve Cellular Energy Functions?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$417,873.00
Summary
Tai Chi is a popular traditional health exercise that has been shown to be effective in improving health-related quality of life in aged populations and patients with acute and chronic conditions. However, the scientific evidence and mechanisms of Tai Chi at the level of the cells in the body is not clear. This project aims to investigate the mechanisms of Tai Chi to provide a better understanding of the scientific basis and offering greater confidence in using Tai Chi to promote health. We prop ....Tai Chi is a popular traditional health exercise that has been shown to be effective in improving health-related quality of life in aged populations and patients with acute and chronic conditions. However, the scientific evidence and mechanisms of Tai Chi at the level of the cells in the body is not clear. This project aims to investigate the mechanisms of Tai Chi to provide a better understanding of the scientific basis and offering greater confidence in using Tai Chi to promote health. We propose to do a study to compare cellular measures in a group of established Tai Chi practitioners with a group who have not practised Tai Chi. It will include at least 400 members of the general public aged 30 years and over. One group will comprise long-term Tai Chi practitioners (3 years or more) and the comparison group will be those who are just starting to learn Tai Chi. The participants will come from many Tai Chi centres around Melbourne. Our collaborators (2 renowned Tai Chi teachers) will facilitate recruitment. We will collect mouth wash samples from participants and measure two major biomarkers (telomere and mitochondria). The end sections of a chromosome are called the telomere and there is evidence that telomeres get shorter as we age and when we get sick with conditions such as heart problems. Mitochondria are the powerhouse within cells that convert energy from food into a form that cells can use. The mitochondria and its function can be affected by stress in a person’s life and this might be helped by Tai Chi. Since this study aims at analysing the much-claimed benefits of Tai Chi using a scientific evidence-based approach, the two biomarkers we are planning to measure will tell us whether such benefits are reflected in the improvement of the function of cells. Using the biomarkers and some questionnaire information, we will analyse the data to see whether Tai Chi practitioners have longer telomere and better mitochondrial function than those who have not practiced Tai Chi.Read moreRead less