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Pulmonary Hypertension In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Pulmonary Hyperinflation, Gas Trapping And Disproportionate Pulmonary Hypertension.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$103,583.00
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Australia. Raised blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary hypertension, PH) predicts a worse prognosis in patients with COPD. The mechanisms contributing to PH are incompletely understood. We aim to determine the role of lung hyperinflation in contributing to the development of PH in COPD. We also aim to identify a sub-group of patients that develop severe PH which may benefit from specific therapy.
Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility As A Predictor Of Survival Following Hospitalized Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$128,224.00
Summary
Many patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) also have elevated lung blood pressures, or pulmonary hypertension (PH). Having both conditions increases the risk of death. It is difficult to diagnose PH in COPD. We will be using a new Computed Tomography (X-ray imaging) technique to investigate a marker of PH called ‘pulmonary artery pulsatility’. If PH can be diagnosed easily and accurately new treatments can be devised and researched potentially improving outcomes in COPD.
Preventing Complications Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$310,914.00
Summary
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating lung disease that affects smokers. Lung complications and complications in other organs occur commonly. This study will examine factors that lead to exacerbations of COPD, and test the effectiveness of early diagnosis of coronary artery disease using CT scans.
Elucidating The Role And Potential For Therapeutic Targeting Of TLR7 In Emphysema And COPD
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$925,780.00
Summary
Emphysema is a major cause of illness and death and there are no effective treatments. It is caused by smoking that damages the airways and air sacs but how this occurs is not well understood. We have found that a new factor, called Toll-like receptor 7, is involved in emphysema. In this study we will now characterise its roles in this disease, work out how it induces emphysema and test new inhibitors (antibodies) that we have developed as treatments.
Targeting IL-33 In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Chronic Asthma And Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$318,768.00
Summary
Lung diseases (emphysema, severe asthma & pulmonary fibrosis) are major burdens on Australian community and economy. Airway wounding is a key feature of all these diseases. Patients experience severe breathlessness seriously impacting quality of life and frequently leading to death. We will assess the potential of a new target (IL-33), & therapy (anti-IL-33) in suppressing wounding in experimental models and human tissues. This may lead to a new treatment to reverse and/or prevent lung diseases.
This program of work focuses on smoking related lung diseases including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and lung cancer, as well as diseases affecting the blood vessels in the lungs. The work includes basic cell biology and human clinical trials.There is a high likelihood that new approaches to treating lung disease will emerge.
Transition From Childhood To Adult Asthma: Predicting Persistent And Adult-onset Asthma In Young Adults In The Raine Longitudinal Birth Cohort
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,018,496.00
Summary
While many children grow out of their asthma a significant number continue to have asthma in later life. The Raine community birth cohort has followed newborn infants from birth and has contributed to our understanding of how asthma develops throughout childhood. The proposed project aims to assess those factors that contribute to the persistence of asthma throughout childhood in into early adult life in the as well as investigate the predictors of adult onset asthma at 23 years of age.
Studies On The Effects Of Endogenous And Exogenous Opioids In Modulating Exercise-induced Dyspnoea In People With Moderate / Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Two Double-blind Randomised, Placebo Controlled Trials.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$197,086.00
Summary
There is evidence that morphine-like chemicals made by the body itself help reduce breathlessness. It is not clear whether this response is because of the effects of these morphine-like chemicals on the brain, in the lung or both. This study will help understand where these chemicals act to reduce breathlessness in people with emphysema during exercise. Subsequently, it will also help to understand whether small, regular doses of morphine safely further reduce breathlessness during exercise.
Enhancing Innate Immune Responses To Influenza In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$522,323.00
Summary
Infection with influenza is a serious health problem for all, but particularly those with chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Current treatments are limited. We have previously shown that human COPD airway cells are more susceptible to infection with influenza and the virus is able to effectively block the early immune response. We propose to define the mechanism that underlie this and design novel inhibitors to enhance the early immune response of these c ....Infection with influenza is a serious health problem for all, but particularly those with chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Current treatments are limited. We have previously shown that human COPD airway cells are more susceptible to infection with influenza and the virus is able to effectively block the early immune response. We propose to define the mechanism that underlie this and design novel inhibitors to enhance the early immune response of these cells and reduce the effects of infection.Read moreRead less
Understanding The Role Of Th22 Cells In Regulating Respiratory Immune Responses In Health And Disease.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$870,476.00
Summary
T cells that produce the cytokine IL-22 (Th22 cells) are found in infectious and inflammatory lung disease. However, the role of Th22 cells in promoting or preventing disease remains largely unknown. We have discovered how to grow Th22 cells and have generated a unique strain of IL-22 reporter mice, which will allow us to identify their role in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Our investigations will provide new insights into therapeutic approaches for these diseases of the lung.