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Diseases of the 21st century are complex with environmental and genetic causes. At the interface of these is Epigenetics - factors not specified by DNA sequence that control genes. Recent data show much of the risk associated with disease is set early in life, even during the time in the womb. The MCRI CDDE laboratory has assembled teams of researchers of diverse expertise investigating epigenetics of human development and complex disease to hopefully prevent or reverse them early in life.
Early Nutrition, Epigenetics And Developmental Outcomes In Children.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$550,093.00
Summary
Increasing evidence demonstrates that early nutrition, including in pregnancy, has long lasting programming effects on later health of children. Evidence implicates epigenetics (literally ‘above DNA’) in mediating these effects. The most convincing data exists for obesity and related disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and heart disease. The focus of this project is on understanding how ‘epigenetic’ mechanisms are influencing the way our genes function to cause these disorders.
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE140100099
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$154,000.00
Summary
Online dietary assessment for research: The Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall System for Australia (ASA24-Aus). Online dietary assessment for research: the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall System for Australia: This project brings together key researchers nationally in the field of nutrition and dietetics to develop a standardised, high quality, online system to assess food intake among adults across a variety of research settings and study designs. The propose ....Online dietary assessment for research: The Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall System for Australia (ASA24-Aus). Online dietary assessment for research: the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall System for Australia: This project brings together key researchers nationally in the field of nutrition and dietetics to develop a standardised, high quality, online system to assess food intake among adults across a variety of research settings and study designs. The proposed infrastructure is an Australian version of the Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recall (ASA24) in collaboration with the United States National Cancer Institute. The infrastructure is internationally renowned and will underpin research that builds the evidence-base for policies and programs in the field of nutrition and dietetics. Read moreRead less
Research to enhance measurement, understanding, and policy regulatory approaches to emerging markets and trade in mothers' milk. Innovation affecting human milk supply challenges current regulation of infant food, but new markets in human milk assist the economic valuation of breastfeeding. Mothers are finding new ways to share their milk, and milk banking and human milk-based products are emerging as alternatives to commercial infant formula. This project builds on previous world-leading Austra ....Research to enhance measurement, understanding, and policy regulatory approaches to emerging markets and trade in mothers' milk. Innovation affecting human milk supply challenges current regulation of infant food, but new markets in human milk assist the economic valuation of breastfeeding. Mothers are finding new ways to share their milk, and milk banking and human milk-based products are emerging as alternatives to commercial infant formula. This project builds on previous world-leading Australian research into the economics of breastfeeding. It aims to increase understanding of markets in milk for infants and inform regulation of milk markets and milk exchange. It will investigate key features of these markets, how milk is priced, and how to access data on market prices which might improve the social and economic valuation of breastfeeding.Read moreRead less
Aquaculture Diet Development Subprogram: Feed Development For Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$203,109.00
Summary
Farming Atlantic salmon is Australia's most internationally competitive and sophisticated sustainable finfish aquaculture. The product has an international reputation for quality and this, in part, reflects the feeds used on salmon farms. Thus, major importance is attached to the availability of economic high quality salmon feeds. In other countries producing salmonids considerable public and commercial financial resources are directed into salmonid nutrition research. This means that advances a ....Farming Atlantic salmon is Australia's most internationally competitive and sophisticated sustainable finfish aquaculture. The product has an international reputation for quality and this, in part, reflects the feeds used on salmon farms. Thus, major importance is attached to the availability of economic high quality salmon feeds. In other countries producing salmonids considerable public and commercial financial resources are directed into salmonid nutrition research. This means that advances are continually being made in our understanding of salmonid nutrition and feed design. However, this information is not directly applicable to salmon farmed in Australia nor is it always available in the public domain and it is therefore extremely important that Australia maintains its own capability for research on Atlantic salmon. The psalmon and trout. The research is needed because:- 1. Environmental conditions are very different in Australia compared with other areas in the world where salmon are farmed and research is conducted and therefore nutritional requirements and feed utilisation will also differ; 2. Ingredients that are available to European feed manufacturers are not readily or cheaply available in Australia and therefore a considerable amount of research is not relevant to the design of salmon feeds for Australian conditions; 3. Ingredients that are available in Australia and have great potential to be used in salmon feeds are not (yet) of interest to feed manufacturers outside Australia and therefore research needs to be conducted on these; 4. The availability and cost of fish meal will increasingly be a major restriction to producing economic high quality salmon feeds. Objectives: 1. Expand the data base for feed intake, digestibility and utilisation of key nutrients and feed ingredients (principally protein and fat sources) to ensure the optimum balance is used to formulate Atlantic salmon feeds. 2. Determine the lowest level of fish meal that can be used by combining alternative protein sources and to investigate the factors limiting inclusion of the most promising of these combinations. 3. Determine whether at low fish meal inclusions salmon performance is equivalent or better than high fish meal diets 4. To use the research results to formulate feeds for testing under commercial type conditions 5. To successfully transfer these results to ingredient producers, feed manufacturers , salmon and trout farmers and the scientific community. Read moreRead less
A Pilot Investigation Of Northern Shark Liver Oils: Characterisation And Value-adding
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$35,846.47
Summary
To maximise the return to fishers and wider areas of the Australian fishing industry better use of existing resources is needed. Southern fisheries have recently seen development of several marine oil based products. The potential may exist for a similar approach with northern fisheries, in this case specifically northern sharks.
Presently there is to our knowledge little information available on the oil composition of the livers from northern sharks. A prerequisite therefore in ....To maximise the return to fishers and wider areas of the Australian fishing industry better use of existing resources is needed. Southern fisheries have recently seen development of several marine oil based products. The potential may exist for a similar approach with northern fisheries, in this case specifically northern sharks.
Presently there is to our knowledge little information available on the oil composition of the livers from northern sharks. A prerequisite therefore in the consideration of the development of possible marine oil products is the characterisation of the oil resource. The proposed pilot project aims to address this key need. The proposed research aims to assist the fishing industry maximise the return on northern and other shark species at whatever levels are determined to be sustainable. Objectives: 1. Characterise liver oils from northern sharks (NT, WA, Qld), including examining possible changes with location, season and other factors. The key components to be examined will be the omega-3 PUFA and vitamins. 2. Provide initial comment on the potential commercial usefulness of the liver oils from northern sharks. Read moreRead less
Amino acids as nutrients - the molecular basis of amino acid absorption in kidney and intestine. Nutrition is a critical factor for well being and health. This is highlighted by the increase in frequency of type II diabetes and the obesity problem that all societies with a western diet face. Most studies in nutrition focus on fat and carbohydrates because of their direct involvement in obesity and diabetes. Proteins and the resulting peptides and amino acids, however, form 10-15% of our nutritio ....Amino acids as nutrients - the molecular basis of amino acid absorption in kidney and intestine. Nutrition is a critical factor for well being and health. This is highlighted by the increase in frequency of type II diabetes and the obesity problem that all societies with a western diet face. Most studies in nutrition focus on fat and carbohydrates because of their direct involvement in obesity and diabetes. Proteins and the resulting peptides and amino acids, however, form 10-15% of our nutrition. At a time where protein-rich diets are recommended to fight obesity and diabetes, it is important to understand the basis of protein absorption and metabolism. This project investigates the mechanism and mediators of amino acid absorption in kidney and intestine. Read moreRead less
Aquafin CRC - SBT Aquaculture Subprogram: Quality And Nutritional Evaluation Of Baitfish Used For Tuna Farming
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$121,630.00
Summary
In 1999/00, Southern bluefin tuna farming production will reach A$220 million. The industry is fully reliant on whole baitfish, predominantly pilchards, as the optimum feed to promote tuna growth in the sea pens. Unfortunately, because of Australian catch quotas on this resource, only a small proportion of the quantity required by industry can be sourced in Australia - the remainder of the requirements are sourced from overseas. For the continued success of the tuna farming industry stability ....In 1999/00, Southern bluefin tuna farming production will reach A$220 million. The industry is fully reliant on whole baitfish, predominantly pilchards, as the optimum feed to promote tuna growth in the sea pens. Unfortunately, because of Australian catch quotas on this resource, only a small proportion of the quantity required by industry can be sourced in Australia - the remainder of the requirements are sourced from overseas. For the continued success of the tuna farming industry stability in feed resources must be sustained. Objectives: 1. In a literature review and through consultation with stakeholders, investigate known information on baitfish supplies and their nutritional profiles. 2. Obtain sample shipments of a variety of products to test their nutritional suitability as a tuna feed. 3. Determine seasonal variation in the profiles obtained. 4. To develop a cost effective method of analysing pilchards using NIR technology. Read moreRead less
Objectives: 1. To determine, for prawns, the digestibility of the alternative protein sources and the assimilation of the nutrients in them. 2. To investigate methods of enhancing the digestibility of feeds and feed ingredients. 3. To develop methods to enhance the nutrient balance, attractiveness and palatability of diets formulated using alternative protein sources. 4. To determine the prawn's protein requirements in relation to different amounts of digestible energy avai ....Objectives: 1. To determine, for prawns, the digestibility of the alternative protein sources and the assimilation of the nutrients in them. 2. To investigate methods of enhancing the digestibility of feeds and feed ingredients. 3. To develop methods to enhance the nutrient balance, attractiveness and palatability of diets formulated using alternative protein sources. 4. To determine the prawn's protein requirements in relation to different amounts of digestible energy available in the feed. 5. To use this information in the continued testing of potentially commercial diets using selected alternative protein sources to replace or partially replace fishmeal. Read moreRead less
BCA - Aquaculture Diet Development Subprogram: Feed Development For Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$5,445.45
Summary
Farming Atlantic salmon is Australia's most internationally competitive and sophisticated sustainable finfish aquaculture. The product has an international reputation for quality and this, in part, reflects the feeds used on salmon farms. Thus, major importance is attached to the availability of economic high quality salmon feeds. In other countries producing salmonids considerable public and commercial financial resources are directed into salmonid nutrition research. This means that advances a ....Farming Atlantic salmon is Australia's most internationally competitive and sophisticated sustainable finfish aquaculture. The product has an international reputation for quality and this, in part, reflects the feeds used on salmon farms. Thus, major importance is attached to the availability of economic high quality salmon feeds. In other countries producing salmonids considerable public and commercial financial resources are directed into salmonid nutrition research. This means that advances are continually being made in our understanding of salmonid nutrition and feed design. However, this information is not directly applicable to salmon farmed in Australia nor is it always available in the public domain and it is therefore extremely important that Australia maintains its own capability for research on Atlantic salmon. The psalmon and trout. The research is needed because:- 1. Environmental conditions are very different in Australia compared with other areas in the world where salmon are farmed and research is conducted and therefore nutritional requirements and feed utilisation will also differ; 2. Ingredients that are available to European feed manufacturers are not readily or cheaply available in Australia and therefore a considerable amount of research is not relevant to the design of salmon feeds for Australian conditions; 3. Ingredients that are available in Australia and have great potential to be used in salmon feeds are not (yet) of interest to feed manufacturers outside Australia and therefore research needs to be conducted on these; 4. The availability and cost of fish meal will increasingly be a major restriction to producing economic high quality salmon feeds. Objectives: 1. Expand the data base for feed intake, digestibility and utilisation of key nutrients and feed ingredients (principally protein and fat sources) to ensure the optimum balance is used to formulate Atlantic salmon feeds. 2. Determine the lowest level of fish meal that can be used by combining alternative protein sources and to investigate the factors limiting inclusion of the most promising of these combinations. 3. Determine whether at low fish meal inclusions salmon performance is equivalent or better than high fish meal diets 4. To use the research results to formulate feeds for testing under commercial type conditions 5. To successfully transfer these results to ingredient producers, feed manufacturers , salmon and trout farmers and the scientific community. Read moreRead less