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Genomics Of Antiepileptic Drug-induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$500,817.00
Summary
Epilepsy affects 3% of people. Severe skin reactions to anti-epileptic drugs are unpredictable and potentially fatal. This project aims to better understand the complex genetic architecture of these reactions using the latest sequencing platforms applied to a unique collection of samples, followed by functional analysis. The findings will enhance the practice of precision medicine in epilepsy treatment, shed light on the mechanisms of these reactions, and inform better drug design in the future.
Pharmacogenomics And Mechanistic Basis Of Drug Hypersensitivity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$677,220.00
Summary
Drug allergy causes physical harm, anxiety and may limit treatment options. We introduced personalised genetic testing to prevent one such drug hypersensitivity. Genetic information from patients who have had adverse drug reactions will be used to work out how drugs trigger severe allergic reactions and develop strategies to predict these reactions and design safer drugs. This research has relevance to our understanding of other inflammatory disease such as autoimmune disease and multiple sclero ....Drug allergy causes physical harm, anxiety and may limit treatment options. We introduced personalised genetic testing to prevent one such drug hypersensitivity. Genetic information from patients who have had adverse drug reactions will be used to work out how drugs trigger severe allergic reactions and develop strategies to predict these reactions and design safer drugs. This research has relevance to our understanding of other inflammatory disease such as autoimmune disease and multiple sclerosis.Read moreRead less
Characterisation Of T-cell Responses In Drug Hypersensitivity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$306,338.00
Summary
Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DIHS) are a catastrophic form of adverse drug reaction. This study will use the drug abacavir, a cause of drug hypersensitivity to examine the way certain immune cells react and determine whether responses to viruses that are persistent in our bodies play a role these development of these reactions. This will help inform the immunological basis of DIHS as well as new treatments and potential ways of identifying drugs likely to cause these reactions in the pre-mar ....Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DIHS) are a catastrophic form of adverse drug reaction. This study will use the drug abacavir, a cause of drug hypersensitivity to examine the way certain immune cells react and determine whether responses to viruses that are persistent in our bodies play a role these development of these reactions. This will help inform the immunological basis of DIHS as well as new treatments and potential ways of identifying drugs likely to cause these reactions in the pre-marketing phase of drug development.Read moreRead less
Febrile Seizures Following Vaccination In Children: How Common Are They And What Is The Long Term Clinical Outcome?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$693,779.00
Summary
Seizures following vaccination cause concern for both parent and healthcare providers and in this important study we will measure the risk of febile seizures after vaccines and follow up children who have had a febrile seizure shortly after receiving a vaccine to assess their medical health and developmental outcome. In addition children will be tested to see if they carry one of the known genetic mutations that is asociated with the development of seizures as a potential cause for their seizure ....Seizures following vaccination cause concern for both parent and healthcare providers and in this important study we will measure the risk of febile seizures after vaccines and follow up children who have had a febrile seizure shortly after receiving a vaccine to assess their medical health and developmental outcome. In addition children will be tested to see if they carry one of the known genetic mutations that is asociated with the development of seizures as a potential cause for their seizure following vaccination.Read moreRead less
How Best To Protect Public Health: A Comparative Analysis Of Regulatory Safety Warnings On Medicines In Australia, Canada The European Union And The United States
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,002,283.00
Summary
Medicines have important health benefits but can also lead to harm. When new safety concerns arise, national regulatory agencies issue warnings to health professionals and the public. These warnings differ between countries, but no research has compared the effectiveness of different approaches. This study compares safety advisories on medicines in Australia, Canada, the United States, and the European Union in order to identify how to best protect public health.
Medicines are not effective in all people and harmful effects from normal doses can cause suffering and even death. Ethnicity due to genetic factors can cause some medicines to be ineffective or toxic. There is little knowledge on drug genetics of Aboriginal people in contrast to Caucasians. We will study all the major drug genetic factors in groups of Aboriginal people and compare this to other ethnicities to inform physicians as to the optimal drug and dose to prescribe Aboriginal people.
Tissue Specific T Cells Mediate Drug Hypersensitivity
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,253,980.00
Summary
T cells are immune cells that create dangerous and fatal drug allergies affecting the skin. An individual’s genetic makeup only partially explains predisposition to these reactions, we believe the missing link is contained in immune signatures specific to the skin. We aim to identify drug-specific T cells in the skin and develop a sensitive test to screen for rare, dangerous T cells in the blood. This will enable prediction and prevention of severe drug allergy and development of safer drugs.
Why Is There An Increased Risk Of Severe Adverse Perinatal Outcomes After The Use Of Clomiphene Citrate For Infertility Treatment?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$570,065.00
Summary
Clomiphene citrate (CC) has been a first line treatment for female infertility internationally since the 1960’s. However, safety studies using routine prescribing practices were never performed, and numerous data sources now indicate that CC is associated with major adverse outcomes if the fetus is inadvertently exposed. We are linking prescription data to perinatal outcomes to confirm how CC is associated with adverse events so as to inform prescriber and practice change.
Near Real-time Identification Of Patient Safety Incidents Reported By Health Professionals.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$324,174.00
Summary
Ten percent of admissions to Australian hospitals are associated with harm to patients. Reporting of patient safety incidents is now widespread. Current methods, which rely upon humans to manually review incident reports, do not permit timely detection of safety problems and can no longer keep up with the growing volume. This study will be the first internationally to automate the monitoring of incident reports. The outcomes have broad and immediate potential to improve the monitoring of inciden ....Ten percent of admissions to Australian hospitals are associated with harm to patients. Reporting of patient safety incidents is now widespread. Current methods, which rely upon humans to manually review incident reports, do not permit timely detection of safety problems and can no longer keep up with the growing volume. This study will be the first internationally to automate the monitoring of incident reports. The outcomes have broad and immediate potential to improve the monitoring of incidents on a local, national and international scale.Read moreRead less
High Risk Prescribing In Older Australians: Prevalence, Outcomes And Potential For Intervention
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$595,628.00
Summary
Older people are the most likely to be prescribed medicines yet they are the most likely to be harmed by their medicines. The extent of and trends in high risk prescribing among older Australians are not known. This project will use large-scale linked data to determine the prevalence, risk factors, clinical consequences and costs of high risk prescribing among older people in Australia. The findings of this project will be used to identify targets for minimising harm relating to use of medicines ....Older people are the most likely to be prescribed medicines yet they are the most likely to be harmed by their medicines. The extent of and trends in high risk prescribing among older Australians are not known. This project will use large-scale linked data to determine the prevalence, risk factors, clinical consequences and costs of high risk prescribing among older people in Australia. The findings of this project will be used to identify targets for minimising harm relating to use of medicines.Read moreRead less