Defining A Novel Mechanism Of Control Of Host Functions By Human Cytomegalovirus That Enhances Viral Pathogenesis
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$616,518.00
Summary
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains a significant human pathogen which causes serious and often life-threatening disease in immunosuppressed people such as bone marrow and solid organ transplant patients and in unborn babies infected during pregnancy. This project will define how HCMV controls host defences by actively modifying the cells it infects to create an environment favourable to continued viral infection and disease.
Defining A Virally-encoded Molecular Switch Between Productive And Latent Phases Of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$337,614.00
Summary
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a significant human pathogen which causes serious disease in immunosuppressed people such as bone marrow and solid organ transplant patients. HCMV has the capacity to switch between an active and a dormant state, enabling this virus to remain within the human host, where it can emerge years later to cause disease in immunosuppressed people. This project will define how HCMV controls the switch between active and dormant phases of infection.
Human Cytomegalovirus Encoded Control Of The Latent Phase Of Infection
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$639,871.00
Summary
Human cytomegalovirus has the ability to hide in the body of a person throughout their life time without it making them ill but the virus can awaken (reactivate) from this latent state and produce new virus. In immunosuppressed people such as transplant patients this reactivation causes significant problems, even death, yet this latency remains poorly understood. This project will help us to understand how the virus can hide successfully from the immune system in a latent form in the human host.
Viral Antigen Presentation Kinetics And Memory T Cell Inflation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$503,753.00
Summary
The ageing of the population is one of the major transformations being experienced by Australia’s population which will have major health implications. Recent studies have shown that many elderly individuals display ‘immune risk phenotype’ (IRP) which is characterised by a severely distorted immune system and human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. In this project we will investigate the mechanisms by which CMV alters cellular immune system and thus impacts on the host immunity against other path ....The ageing of the population is one of the major transformations being experienced by Australia’s population which will have major health implications. Recent studies have shown that many elderly individuals display ‘immune risk phenotype’ (IRP) which is characterised by a severely distorted immune system and human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. In this project we will investigate the mechanisms by which CMV alters cellular immune system and thus impacts on the host immunity against other pathogens.Read moreRead less
Multipathogen Adoptive Immunotherapy For Post-transplant Virus-associated Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,074,188.00
Summary
This project is aiming to develop an “off-the-shelf” killer T cell therapy for transplant patients and patients with virus-associated malignancies. This therapy is based on a novel technology developed by our group which allows rapid expansion of killer T cells directed against multiple viruses.
Combining Immune Monitoring And Immunotherapy To Tackle Cytomegalovirus Infections In Solid Organ Transplant Patients
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$801,416.00
Summary
Clinical management of infectious complications in kidney and heart/lung transplant patients remains significant challenge. Although prophylactic/pre-emptive treatment with antiviral drugs have shown dramatic improvements in the control of these infections, long-term treatment with these drugs is associated with significant toxicity, the appearance of drug-resistant virus isolates and significant health cost. In this proposal we will develop novel strategies to identify high risk patients and tr ....Clinical management of infectious complications in kidney and heart/lung transplant patients remains significant challenge. Although prophylactic/pre-emptive treatment with antiviral drugs have shown dramatic improvements in the control of these infections, long-term treatment with these drugs is associated with significant toxicity, the appearance of drug-resistant virus isolates and significant health cost. In this proposal we will develop novel strategies to identify high risk patients and treat these patients with killer T cells.Read moreRead less
Understanding How Cytomegaloviruses Establish Systemic Infection
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$668,144.00
Summary
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects most Australians, causes birth defects and harms transplant patients. Vaccines against it have worked poorly. HCMV spreads throughout the body and is never cleared. To control infection we must identify its key checkpoints. Using mouse CMV, we find that host dendritic cells, which normally defend against infections, are taken over and spread virus to new sites. The viral gene responsible is a potential target for intervention. We will define how it works.
Effective Therapies To Treat Viral Infections And Their Complications In Transplantation
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,100,450.00
Summary
Viral infections are a common life threatening complication in transplant recipients, for which there are limited treatment options. We have developed several pre-clinical models that we are using to determine how the treatment of viral infections that occur after transplantation can be improved.
Immunoregulation And Adoptive Immunotherapy Of Glioblastoma Multiforme
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$391,784.00
Summary
This project is investigating link between a common herpesvirus and brain cancer. We are also aiming to develop new killer T cell-based therapy to target herpesvirus proteins in cancer cells with a long-term objective to use this information to develop a therpeutic vaccine against brain cancer.
Tracking The Impact Of Superinfection With A Common Herpesvirus On T Cell Immunity In Humans
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$317,775.00
Summary
Human herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus, infect the vast majority of people and can cause serious complications in healthy people and in immune suppressed transplant patients. The development of vaccines to treat herpesvirus infections remain a signficant priority. However it is not known what impact repeated exposure to different strains of these viriuses has upon immunity. This study will investigate the impact of exposure to different strains of cytomegalovirus on immunity in healthy i ....Human herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus, infect the vast majority of people and can cause serious complications in healthy people and in immune suppressed transplant patients. The development of vaccines to treat herpesvirus infections remain a signficant priority. However it is not known what impact repeated exposure to different strains of these viriuses has upon immunity. This study will investigate the impact of exposure to different strains of cytomegalovirus on immunity in healthy individuals and transplant patients.Read moreRead less