Development of a Prothrombogenic Bone Graft Substitute. The clinical demand for bone is massive and to counter this bone can be either harvested from the patient or bone substitutes are used. The success or failure of a bone substitute is determined the instant it come into contact with blood. The surfaces of traditional biomaterials induce a foreign body reaction. The aim of this project is to test the bone forming capacity of a biomaterial that is optimised to produce a natural response from ....Development of a Prothrombogenic Bone Graft Substitute. The clinical demand for bone is massive and to counter this bone can be either harvested from the patient or bone substitutes are used. The success or failure of a bone substitute is determined the instant it come into contact with blood. The surfaces of traditional biomaterials induce a foreign body reaction. The aim of this project is to test the bone forming capacity of a biomaterial that is optimised to produce a natural response from the blood. This response will lead to the formation new viable tissue and eventually bone. Such a material will cause faster bone healing, less pain from graft sites, shorter hospital stays and shorter waiting lists. Read moreRead less
Three-dimensional Simulation of Trabecular Bone Remodelling. Nearly 2 million Australians currently suffer from osteoporosis. Statistics indicate that 25% of Australian women and 17% of men will develop an osteoporotic fracture. The cost of osteoporosis is $7.4 billion per annum; the numbers of affected individuals and costs are expected to continue increasing. Clearly, improvements to osteoporosis diagnosis, fracture risk assessment, and effective treatments are still urgently needed. The p ....Three-dimensional Simulation of Trabecular Bone Remodelling. Nearly 2 million Australians currently suffer from osteoporosis. Statistics indicate that 25% of Australian women and 17% of men will develop an osteoporotic fracture. The cost of osteoporosis is $7.4 billion per annum; the numbers of affected individuals and costs are expected to continue increasing. Clearly, improvements to osteoporosis diagnosis, fracture risk assessment, and effective treatments are still urgently needed. The proposed project aims to create a tool for understanding the mechanisms of bone loss and predicting the effects of osteoporosis therapies. It represents a solid contribution to the knowledge base necessary for advancing osteoporosis research and ultimately reducing the incidence of osteoporotic fracture.Read moreRead less
Determination Of Irradiation Dose Efficacy For Use In Impaction Grafting At Revision Joint Replacement
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$411,517.00
Summary
Primary hip replacement is a successful intervention for hip disease, but 10-15% of hip prostheses fail and require revision surgery within 10-15 years. At the time of revision, significant bone loss around the failed prosthesis is not uncommon. A bone reconstruction procedure, called impaction grafting, where donor bone is minced and placed in the areas of deficient bone before implanting the new prosthesis, has shown to give good results at more than ten years in some centres. A high incidence ....Primary hip replacement is a successful intervention for hip disease, but 10-15% of hip prostheses fail and require revision surgery within 10-15 years. At the time of revision, significant bone loss around the failed prosthesis is not uncommon. A bone reconstruction procedure, called impaction grafting, where donor bone is minced and placed in the areas of deficient bone before implanting the new prosthesis, has shown to give good results at more than ten years in some centres. A high incidence of early complications of this procedure have included loss of fixation within the bone. Fracture of the bone around prostheses has also reported in some centres. These events require more surgery, putting the patient at higher risk greater complications and longer rehabilitations. Recent improvements in surgical technique and donor bone preparation have improved results. A current debate questions whether the dose of irradiation can be reduced from 25 kGy, while maintaining sterility of allografts. The risk of bacterial contamination in allografts is low, and irradiation reduces the mechanical strength of the graft, contributing to complications when irradiated bone is used. The benefits of decontaminating the bone may be outweighed by the higher risk for failure due to poor bone quality and resulting prosthesis instability. We will use ISO standards to test the validity of radiation dose for sterilising bone ex vivo. In the absence of controlled human studies, our aim is also to compare the results of impaction grafting with non-irradiated bone versus bone irradiated at current doses used by Australian bone banks, and lower doses indicated by ex vivo testing. We will use a large animal model of revision hip replacement, with precise measures of prosthesis stability. The results of this study will guide clinical decisions regarding the efficacy of current bone graft preparation procedures and the use of irradiated bone in human hip replacement surgery.Read moreRead less
Towards a cost-effective therapy for osteoporosis using Australian indigenous emu oil. Emu oil has a potent anti-inflammatory property. This project aims to show in rodents whether its use can overcome the inflammatory condition and osteoporosis caused by aging, menopause and cancer chemotherapy. This research could lead to development of an emu oil-based therapy for major health problems and have immense social and economic implications.
The early osteoarthritis (OA) phenotype. Australia like many other developed countries is undergoing a major demographic shift involving significant growth in the aged population. From both a patient perspective and a societal perspective, research into the underlying determinants of osteoarthritis such as those outlined in this proposal are of great importance to the aged population. Nearly one in five Australians has arthritis; indeed more Australians have arthritis than any other national hea ....The early osteoarthritis (OA) phenotype. Australia like many other developed countries is undergoing a major demographic shift involving significant growth in the aged population. From both a patient perspective and a societal perspective, research into the underlying determinants of osteoarthritis such as those outlined in this proposal are of great importance to the aged population. Nearly one in five Australians has arthritis; indeed more Australians have arthritis than any other national health priority condition. From an individual point-of-view, the pain and disability due to osteoarthritis (OA) can lead to loss of independence and diminished in quality of life for older adults.Read moreRead less
Mindfulness and coping in chronic illness: insights from a study of joint replacement surgery. This study investigates whether participation in a mental health enhancement program (mindfulness) will improve the recovery of patients undergoing total joint replacement. This will benefit patients by promoting psychological well-being which has direct effects on pain and physical function after surgery.
The Risks And Benefits Of Contemporary Total Hip Replacement
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$493,530.00
Summary
The number of hip replacements undertaken in Australia is steadily increasing. The most common complications of hip replacements are dislocation and loosening due to bone loss around the implant, requiring complex and expensive revision surgery. This study will investigate the incidence of dislocation and, using a new diagnostic imaging technique, the incidence and amount of bone loss around a relatively new prosthetic material, the outcomes of which are not known despite its increasing use.
Factors influencing functional locomotion in older adults. Ageing is associated with increasing limitations of physical function such as walking. Many older people also have concurrent medical conditions which may further limit function. This project adopts a multidisciplinary approach to investigate key factors that affect the ability to perform functional tasks of everyday locomotion, such as stair climbing and obstacle avoidance, in older adults including those affected by osteoarthritis. The ....Factors influencing functional locomotion in older adults. Ageing is associated with increasing limitations of physical function such as walking. Many older people also have concurrent medical conditions which may further limit function. This project adopts a multidisciplinary approach to investigate key factors that affect the ability to perform functional tasks of everyday locomotion, such as stair climbing and obstacle avoidance, in older adults including those affected by osteoarthritis. The results will increase knowledge about the adaptability of the ageing human locomotor system in both health and disease. This will provide a theoretical foundation for creating new strategies to reduce the impact of physical degeneration in older people.Read moreRead less