Hydroelasticity of compliant offshore structures. Australia's rich offshore oil and gas reserves are awaiting extensive deepwater extraction. However, there is still a lack of in-depth knowledge in the dynamic behavior of deepwater structures to ensure safe and cost-effective production. We hereby propose hydroelasticity theories and modelling techniques to investigate dynamic fluid-structure interaction problems for compliant offshore structures. We also propose innovative experiments to verify ....Hydroelasticity of compliant offshore structures. Australia's rich offshore oil and gas reserves are awaiting extensive deepwater extraction. However, there is still a lack of in-depth knowledge in the dynamic behavior of deepwater structures to ensure safe and cost-effective production. We hereby propose hydroelasticity theories and modelling techniques to investigate dynamic fluid-structure interaction problems for compliant offshore structures. We also propose innovative experiments to verify the theoretical work. One application is to configure a freestanding compliant tower to suit prospective deepwater oil and gas fields off North-West Australia. Expected outcomes include theoretical and experimental advances in deepwater offshore mechanics and practical computation tools for industry applications.Read moreRead less
Adaptive processes in normal and disordered face perception. Faces provide a wealth of social cues that guide interpersonal interactions, and most individuals are able to distinguish thousands of faces despite their perceptual similarity. This research investigates the foundations of these impressive face-perception skills and how they are disrupted in autism, a developmental disorder in which face perception is impaired. We focus on how the brain adaptively tailors its perceptual apparatus to ....Adaptive processes in normal and disordered face perception. Faces provide a wealth of social cues that guide interpersonal interactions, and most individuals are able to distinguish thousands of faces despite their perceptual similarity. This research investigates the foundations of these impressive face-perception skills and how they are disrupted in autism, a developmental disorder in which face perception is impaired. We focus on how the brain adaptively tailors its perceptual apparatus to interpret the structure of a face, for its identity, emotional content, and even intent. Uncovering how these processes function in normal and abnormal face perception could help develop effective interventions when these processes are disrupted in autism.Read moreRead less
The critical role of kisspeptin/neurokinin/dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) release. The brain controls fertility through the secretion of its primary stimulatory factor, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Brain cells producing three key peptide hormones, kisspeptin, neurokin B and dynorphin (termed KNDy cells) are vital for the control of GnRH. This project will detail the role of KNDy cells in puberty and reproduction.
Understanding the link between reading impairments and emotional problems. This Project aims to understand why children with reading impairments are at increased risk for emotional problems. By integrating the statistical power of large-scale longitudinal studies with the causal testing power of intervention case studies, it seeks to fast-track the development of a comprehensive evidence-based theory of the mechanisms linking reading impairments and emotional problems. The outcomes will pave the ....Understanding the link between reading impairments and emotional problems. This Project aims to understand why children with reading impairments are at increased risk for emotional problems. By integrating the statistical power of large-scale longitudinal studies with the causal testing power of intervention case studies, it seeks to fast-track the development of a comprehensive evidence-based theory of the mechanisms linking reading impairments and emotional problems. The outcomes will pave the way for future diagnosis and treatment of concomitant reading and emotional difficulties in children. These outcomes improve our capacity to reduce the incidence of two common problems that limit the life success of Australian children - poor literacy and poor emotional health.Read moreRead less
Evaluative learning: do all roads lead to Rome? This project aims to enhance understanding of how likes and dislikes are acquired and changed across a range of different settings. Evaluative learning, the acquisition and change of likes and dislikes, is ubiquitous and occurs in situations that range from trivial to traumatic. However, it is unknown whether evaluative learning in these different situations is mediated by a single or distinct learning mechanisms. Answering this question is critica ....Evaluative learning: do all roads lead to Rome? This project aims to enhance understanding of how likes and dislikes are acquired and changed across a range of different settings. Evaluative learning, the acquisition and change of likes and dislikes, is ubiquitous and occurs in situations that range from trivial to traumatic. However, it is unknown whether evaluative learning in these different situations is mediated by a single or distinct learning mechanisms. Answering this question is critically important for emotion science and the design of effective interventions for anxiety disorders and public health campaigns. The expected outcomes from this project will provide significant benefits, such as creating new knowledge to assist in applied areas ranging from the design of public health messages to the treatment for anxiety.Read moreRead less
Atypical cognition in autism: preference for nonverbal coding and impaired connectivity? This project will investigate whether individuals with autism prefer to think 'in pictures' rather than use words, and whether their thinking shows evidence of limited connections across brain regions. Establishing either characteristic for autism would provide important direction in improving diagnosis and intervention for affected children.
The cognitive basis of resilience. This project aims to test whether resilience to bad events can be influenced by modifying information processing factors. High resilience reflects the ability to sustain adaptive psychological functioning in the wake of bad events, and affects physical, emotional, social, and economic wellbeing. The project will test the hypothesis that biases in attention and implicational inferencing at differing stages of event processing affect wellbeing. It will use cognit ....The cognitive basis of resilience. This project aims to test whether resilience to bad events can be influenced by modifying information processing factors. High resilience reflects the ability to sustain adaptive psychological functioning in the wake of bad events, and affects physical, emotional, social, and economic wellbeing. The project will test the hypothesis that biases in attention and implicational inferencing at differing stages of event processing affect wellbeing. It will use cognitive methodologies that sensitively assess and manipulate biases, thereby revealing their causal role in the determination of resilience. The findings are expected to directly contribute to national efforts to build healthy and resilient communities.Read moreRead less
Attentional bias, attentional control, and anxiety vulnerability: A test of alternative hypotheses concerning their functional relationship. Elevated anxiety vulnerability (AV) is characterised by two attentional anomalies; an attentional bias to threat (ABT), and impaired attentional control (IAC). These have been the foci of separate lines of investigation. The proposed research will synthesise these disparate lines of inquiry, to significantly progress both in important ways. Innovative parad ....Attentional bias, attentional control, and anxiety vulnerability: A test of alternative hypotheses concerning their functional relationship. Elevated anxiety vulnerability (AV) is characterised by two attentional anomalies; an attentional bias to threat (ABT), and impaired attentional control (IAC). These have been the foci of separate lines of investigation. The proposed research will synthesise these disparate lines of inquiry, to significantly progress both in important ways. Innovative paradigms will be developed to determine the functional relationship between ABT and IAC, and illuminate the nature of their associations with AV. In addition to advancing theoretical understanding of the attentional underpinnings of AV, this research will evaluate the capacity of new cognitive technologies to ameliorate anxiety vulnerability through modification of its attentional substrate. Read moreRead less
Cognitive mechanisms underlying readiness to acquire elevated anxious temperament. This research project seeks to identify the cognitive mechanisms that are causally implicated in individual differences in the tendency to elevate anxious temperament in response to stressful environments. It will also seek to establish the extent to which these cognitive mechanisms represent the phenotypic expression of genes associated with greater susceptibility to elevate anxious temperament. Research outcomes ....Cognitive mechanisms underlying readiness to acquire elevated anxious temperament. This research project seeks to identify the cognitive mechanisms that are causally implicated in individual differences in the tendency to elevate anxious temperament in response to stressful environments. It will also seek to establish the extent to which these cognitive mechanisms represent the phenotypic expression of genes associated with greater susceptibility to elevate anxious temperament. Research outcomes will serve to inform the question as to why the same types of environmental stressors can serve to produce vastly different effects on emotional vulnerability for different individuals. The procedures developed during this research will also have the potential to reduce the negative emotional consequences of sustained stress.Read moreRead less
Attentional and interpretive bias in anxiety: Concurrent expressions of a common selective mechanism, or independent mediators of anxiety vulnerability? The proposed research aims to determine whether two key cognitive biases recently shown to causally influence anxiety vulnerability, one involving selective attention to threat and the other involving the selective imposition of threatening interpretations on ambiguity, arise as concurrent manifestations of a common underlying causal mechanism, ....Attentional and interpretive bias in anxiety: Concurrent expressions of a common selective mechanism, or independent mediators of anxiety vulnerability? The proposed research aims to determine whether two key cognitive biases recently shown to causally influence anxiety vulnerability, one involving selective attention to threat and the other involving the selective imposition of threatening interpretations on ambiguity, arise as concurrent manifestations of a common underlying causal mechanism, or instead represent alternative causal pathways in the mediation of this emotional disposition. Resolution of this issue will significantly advance our theoretical understanding of the mechanisms that govern anxiety vulnerability, while also contributing directly to the development of new cognitive technologies designed to therapeutically modify such vulnerability.Read moreRead less