Gating and permeation in ClC channels. Chloride ion channels are essential proteins in all living cells but, compared to other channels, little is known of their structure or how this defines and controls chloride transport. We will produce both normal and structurally modified (mutant and known to cause disease) chloride channels in cultured cells by genetic engineering so that we can analyse channel function using a combination of electrophysiological and chemical methods. We expect to learn ....Gating and permeation in ClC channels. Chloride ion channels are essential proteins in all living cells but, compared to other channels, little is known of their structure or how this defines and controls chloride transport. We will produce both normal and structurally modified (mutant and known to cause disease) chloride channels in cultured cells by genetic engineering so that we can analyse channel function using a combination of electrophysiological and chemical methods. We expect to learn which channel parts are fundamental and how subtle changes in structure can alter the opening and closing of these channels and the way that chloride passes through them.Read moreRead less
Subunit stoichiometry and arrangement in the glycine receptor. Glycine receptors are important for nervous system function. These receptors comprise a mixture of 5 alpha and beta subunits arranged around a central ion-conducting pore. The subunit stoichiometry (i.e., numbers of alpha and beta subunits) and arrangement (i.e., subunit order) are unknown. The first aim of this project is to define these parameters using tethered subunits. The second aim is to use the tethered subunits to probe th ....Subunit stoichiometry and arrangement in the glycine receptor. Glycine receptors are important for nervous system function. These receptors comprise a mixture of 5 alpha and beta subunits arranged around a central ion-conducting pore. The subunit stoichiometry (i.e., numbers of alpha and beta subunits) and arrangement (i.e., subunit order) are unknown. The first aim of this project is to define these parameters using tethered subunits. The second aim is to use the tethered subunits to probe the structure and function of glycine and zinc binding sites at an unprecedented level of resolution. The results will provide crucial new information concerning glycine receptor structure and function.Read moreRead less
Expression and characterisation of nutrient transporters from the intracellular malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. The malaria parasite invades the red blood cells of its host and this provides it with a safe haven in which to grow and replicate. Within the red blood cell, the parasite takes up nutrients and excretes metabolic wastes via specialised membrane transport proteins which are, as yet, very poorly understood. The sequencing of the malaria parasite genome has enabled us to ident ....Expression and characterisation of nutrient transporters from the intracellular malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. The malaria parasite invades the red blood cells of its host and this provides it with a safe haven in which to grow and replicate. Within the red blood cell, the parasite takes up nutrients and excretes metabolic wastes via specialised membrane transport proteins which are, as yet, very poorly understood. The sequencing of the malaria parasite genome has enabled us to identify candidates for a wide variety of these proteins. The aim of this project is to establish systems in which the functional properties of these transporter proteins may be characterised in detail.Read moreRead less
Special Research Initiatives - Grant ID: SR0354715
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$40,000.00
Summary
The Australian Plant Nutriomics Network. The Australian Plant Nutriomics Network will link Australian scientists investigating aspects of the plant nutriome - the summation of processes that deliver nutrients and water from soil to plants. The network will establish a coordinated approach to understanding genes, proteins and metabolites involved in element acquisition and how their functions are linked to soil conditions to maximise food quality and overcome soil environmental challenges. Inter ....The Australian Plant Nutriomics Network. The Australian Plant Nutriomics Network will link Australian scientists investigating aspects of the plant nutriome - the summation of processes that deliver nutrients and water from soil to plants. The network will establish a coordinated approach to understanding genes, proteins and metabolites involved in element acquisition and how their functions are linked to soil conditions to maximise food quality and overcome soil environmental challenges. International articulation will ensure information exchange and enhance postgraduate and postdoctoral training by reciprocal visits and focused workshops. A major goal will be a strategy to integrate research using a complex systems approach to problems.Read moreRead less
How does clusterin protect cells from stresses? We recently discovered that clusterin: (i) is the only known secreted (ie extracellular) mammalian chaperone and (ii) can protect proteins and cells from stresses.These breakthrough advances provide the first unifying biological function for this protein - in whole organisms, clusterine is likely to protect tissues and organs form biologyical stresses. The work proposed will provide quantum advances in our understanding of the molecular basis by wh ....How does clusterin protect cells from stresses? We recently discovered that clusterin: (i) is the only known secreted (ie extracellular) mammalian chaperone and (ii) can protect proteins and cells from stresses.These breakthrough advances provide the first unifying biological function for this protein - in whole organisms, clusterine is likely to protect tissues and organs form biologyical stresses. The work proposed will provide quantum advances in our understanding of the molecular basis by which clusterin effects its protective actions. We expect to demonstrate that clusterin protects cells form stresses by exerting its chaperone action at or near the cell surface and to identify specific regions and structural features of the clusterine molecule important in its chaperone action.Read moreRead less
Conantokin selectivity for heteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. NMDA receptors are ligand gated ion channels formed by heterogeneous population of subunits with distinct pharmacological and biophysical properties. The heterogeneic receptors are differentially expressed during development and play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. Conantokins are toxins isolated from Conus venoms, which target NMDA receptor subunits with high affinity. The primary g ....Conantokin selectivity for heteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. NMDA receptors are ligand gated ion channels formed by heterogeneous population of subunits with distinct pharmacological and biophysical properties. The heterogeneic receptors are differentially expressed during development and play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. Conantokins are toxins isolated from Conus venoms, which target NMDA receptor subunits with high affinity. The primary goal of this study is to examine the effects of conantokins on the molecular properties of different NMDA receptor subtypes in vivo and in vitro.Read moreRead less
The role of turgor in hyphal extension of the Ascomycete Neurospora crassa. Cellular expansion is an absolute necessity during the growth and development of plants and fungi. This process relies heavily upon the accumulation of inorganic ions. Osmotically driven water influx then creates the hydrostatic pressure that underlies the increase in cell volume. Cellular expansion is normally asymmetric and localised in one small region, such as hyphal tip. How does the cell maintain the turgor that dr ....The role of turgor in hyphal extension of the Ascomycete Neurospora crassa. Cellular expansion is an absolute necessity during the growth and development of plants and fungi. This process relies heavily upon the accumulation of inorganic ions. Osmotically driven water influx then creates the hydrostatic pressure that underlies the increase in cell volume. Cellular expansion is normally asymmetric and localised in one small region, such as hyphal tip. How does the cell maintain the turgor that drives expansion? How is expansion controlled spatially? These questions will be addressed in this project by comprehensive study of ion transport processes in a model organism, Neurospora crassa, using osmotic sensitive and transport mutants.Read moreRead less
An X-ray crystallographic investigation into co-receptors on T-lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are an indispensable cellular component of the immune system. The normal process of T cell selection in the thymus, and the ability of mature T cells to respond to foreign antigens are governed by receptor recognition and co-receptor mediated events. The co-receptors encompass a wide spectrum of structurally diverse proteins that are involved in adhesion, co-ligation and signal transduction. This proposa ....An X-ray crystallographic investigation into co-receptors on T-lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are an indispensable cellular component of the immune system. The normal process of T cell selection in the thymus, and the ability of mature T cells to respond to foreign antigens are governed by receptor recognition and co-receptor mediated events. The co-receptors encompass a wide spectrum of structurally diverse proteins that are involved in adhesion, co-ligation and signal transduction. This proposal aims to investigate, using X-ray crystallography as the primary research tool, co- receptors located on T-lymphocytes. This work will gain fundamental insights into co-receptor function.Read moreRead less
I am a cell biologist determining how the organization of the plasma membrane influences signal transduction processes; my long-term goal is to understand the spatial–temporal organization of cell signalling.
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0226463
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$160,000.00
Summary
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Facility. The aim of this proposal is to establish the first fluorescence lifetime imaging facility (FLIM) in Australia. The imaging technique provided by the new facility when combined with the use of novel fluorescent protein technology will enable many different events, represented by protein-protein interactions, to be non-invasively, visualised spatially and temporally inside the living cell. The new facility will provide timely state-of -the-art infrastructu ....Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Facility. The aim of this proposal is to establish the first fluorescence lifetime imaging facility (FLIM) in Australia. The imaging technique provided by the new facility when combined with the use of novel fluorescent protein technology will enable many different events, represented by protein-protein interactions, to be non-invasively, visualised spatially and temporally inside the living cell. The new facility will provide timely state-of -the-art infrastructure necessary for research groups to further develop and maintain their international reputations, will build stronger research collaborations between partner institutions and will attract researchers from overseas.Read moreRead less