Identification Of A Y-chromosome Marker In Atlantic Salmon (extension To FRDC 95/80)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$113,479.00
Summary
Genetic variation The results we have obtained in the current project are encouraging for SALTAS, as they confirm the earlier allozyme results of little loss of genetic variation. However, the results are also suggestive of a potential long term trend in loss of genetic variation. A sample collected and analysed in January 1997 (1993 year-class parents) would provide evidence to substantiate this trend or indicate whether the current results were a sampling artifact. The analysis of a 1997 ....Genetic variation The results we have obtained in the current project are encouraging for SALTAS, as they confirm the earlier allozyme results of little loss of genetic variation. However, the results are also suggestive of a potential long term trend in loss of genetic variation. A sample collected and analysed in January 1997 (1993 year-class parents) would provide evidence to substantiate this trend or indicate whether the current results were a sampling artifact. The analysis of a 1997 sample would be the second of a proposed regular 4 to 5 year assessment of the status of the Tasmanian stock, and would help to describe the nature and speed of any long term trends.
SALTAS, as the principal Atlantic salmon hatchery in Australia, has a long term requirement to maintain industry and investor confidence in their product, and the ability to confirm the reliability of its breeding practices is important for the sustainability of the industry.
Loss of genetic variation in a cultured population will provide an early indicator of potential inbreeding, which could have grave consequences as deleterious recessive genes are exposed and stocks lose vigour dependent on genetic variance. Any loss of genetic variation in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon could be difficult or impossible to recover due to the restrictions on importation of new broodstock.
Y-chromosome marker A number of molecular genetic techniques for trait or marker screening have been developed since the original proposal was submitted. We propose to apply some of these new techniques to the screening of Atlantic salmon DNA for a potential Y-chromosome marker. These approaches will greatly increase our chances of finding such a marker.
The new techniques we propose include: Representational Difference Analysis (RDA); PCR-Select cDNA Subtraction Technique; the application of other modified subtractive hybridization and differential display techniques that have proved useful in other species; AFLP (amplified fragment polymorphism) technique; and the application of a number of commercial RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) primers.
We have also established contact, and will collaborate during the proposed project extension, with workers who have a Y-chromosome marker for brook trout and arctic char, and other workers in this field working with other teleosts.
We believe that a continuation of the current project (95/80) is the best approach to further tackle this Y-chromosome marker issue. It will allow us to best utilise the expertise and momentum we have established on this problem, rather than completed our current objectives and then revisit this issue in a year or two.
If we are successful in locating a Y-chromosome marker either during the remainder of the current schedule or early in the 1997 grant extension, resources will then be directed to isolate and further characterize that marker. Objectives: 1. To locate a Y-chromosome marker in Atlantic salmon by applying a range of molecular genetic techniques. 2. To establish the rate of change in genetic variation in Tasmanian Atlantic salmon by comparing the genetic (microsatellite and allozyme) variation expressed in progeny from 1993 year-class parents with that present in 1989 year-class parents and the parental Nova Scotia population. Read moreRead less
Application Of ELISA/PCR Tests Developed In Japan To The Detection Of A Barramundi Picorna-like Virus In Australia
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$9,812.00
Summary
Objectives: 1. Using techniques developed in Japan for the detection of a virus lethal to striped jack and a very similar one that occurs in barramundi, examine the various material from Lates calcarifer 2. Objectives as stated in B4 of the application.
Stock Identification And Discrimination Of Mulloway In Australian Waters
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Summary
Objectives: 1. Investigate population structure of mulloway, Argyrosomus hololepidotus, to determine whether mulloway in Australian waters belong to one large inter-breeding population throughout their range or whether 2 or more separate stocks exist.
Objectives: 1. Investigate bacteriological depuration of oysters. ; 2. Assess the effectiveness of sterilisation of the seawater to be used for depuration by ultraviolet and ozone units 3. establish their limits & optimise their use in terms of cost & bacterial destruction
Stock Identification And Discrimination Of Commercially Important Whitings (Teleostii; Sillaginidae) In Australian Waters Using Genetic Criteria [later Sillago Maculata And S. Bassensis Were Added]
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Summary
Objectives: 1. To investigate the population structure of the commercially important whitings, Sillago ciliata, S. maculata, S. robusta, S. bassensis and Sillagonides punctatus, using allozymes detected by electrophoresis as genetic markers. NSW, Vic, Tas, SA
Electrophoretic Identification Of Fish Species Or Salmon On Friday But Barramundi
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Summary
Objectives: 1. Investigate the characteristic banding patterns of fish proteins obtained by electrophoresis with a view to establishing a library of identification for Australian species
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Molecular Diagnostic Tests To Detect Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (aphanomyces Invadens), And Crayfish Plague (Aphanomyces Astaci)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$162,049.00
Summary
Objectives: 1. Develop a sensitive and specific molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomyces invadens, based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for use with fresh or dead tissue samples. 2. Develop a sensitive and specific molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomhyces astaci, based on the PCR for use with fresh or dead tissue samples. 3. Develop a rapid molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomyces invadens, based on the technique of f ....Objectives: 1. Develop a sensitive and specific molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomyces invadens, based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for use with fresh or dead tissue samples. 2. Develop a sensitive and specific molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomhyces astaci, based on the PCR for use with fresh or dead tissue samples. 3. Develop a rapid molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomyces invadens, based on the technique of fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (FISH), which allows visualization of the fungus direct from lesion smears or culture material within one hour. 4. Develop rapid molecular diagnostic test for the detection of aphanomyces astaci, based on the technique of fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH), which allows visualisation of the fungus direct from lesion smears or culture material within one hour. 5. Transfer of this technology in the form of a kit for initial distribution and evaluation to selected laboratories. 6. Write up Australian Standard Diagnostic Technique for EUS, and update the ASDT for Crayfish Plague based on the above tests and in the format supplied by AFFA. Read moreRead less
Production Of Antibodies Against Toxins Involved In Ciguatera Fish Poisoning
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$87,050.00
Summary
Objectives: 1. Develop method of detection of ciguatoxin (CTX) to extract & purify sufficient CTX to service requirements of program. 2. Develop an en enzyme imunassay for measuring anti-CTX production. 3. Develop method of schedule immunisation to allow production of monoclonal antibodies
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Establishment Of Diagnostic Expertise For Detection And Identification Of Red Sea Bream Iridovirus (RSIV)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$512,023.00
Summary
The establishment and further development of diagnostic capability for the detection and identification of RSIV is required as part of the enhancement of Aquatic Animal Health in Australia as envisaged by AQUAPLAN and the FRDC Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram. Marine aquaculture in Australia is on the threshold of a major expansion (ACIL Consulting 1999, Aquaculture beyond 2000) for which disease incursions are considered a significant threat. The establishment of AQUAPLAN and the FRDC Aquatic A ....The establishment and further development of diagnostic capability for the detection and identification of RSIV is required as part of the enhancement of Aquatic Animal Health in Australia as envisaged by AQUAPLAN and the FRDC Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram. Marine aquaculture in Australia is on the threshold of a major expansion (ACIL Consulting 1999, Aquaculture beyond 2000) for which disease incursions are considered a significant threat. The establishment of AQUAPLAN and the FRDC Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram has allowed the development of contingencies should emergency disease outbreaks occur.
Aquaculture, including mariculture, is featured in Federal and State Governments’ strategic plans and is seen as providing Australia, especially regional Australia, with many benefits, such as economic and employment growth, additional income for the rural sector, regional development, and increased exports. An example of this growth is tuna (Thunnus macoyii) farming which has developed rapidly from an R&D project supported by the South Australian Government and the Tuna Boat Owners Association of Australia in the early 1990s to a multimillion dollar sector which currently includes more than 12 farming areas. The majority of product is sold fresh chilled to Japanese markets (SAFRAB, 1998).
Further examples include snapper (Pagrus auratus) farming which was initiated more recently as R&D projects in Western Australia and South Australia and has developed into a commercial industry with plans for further expansion, and yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) is another species currently farmed in South Australia with potential for expansion.
Related species from the Thunnus, Pagrus and Seriola genera are reported to be susceptible to RSIV (Matsuoka at al. 1996; OIE, 2000).
References ACIL Consulting. 1999. Aquaculture beyond 2000. Facilitator's Report, prepared by Denis Hussey, Senior Associate, ACIL Consulting, on a workshop, Changing Direction, held 23-24 August 1999, Canberra.
Matsuoka S, Inouye K. & Nakajima K. 1996. Cultured fish species affected by red sea bream iridoviral disease from 1991 to 1995. Fish Pathol 31: 233-234.
Objectives: 1. Import into AAHL isolates of RSIV from OIE reference laboratory and/or other laboratories 2. Import GF cell line from OIE reference laboratory or other laboratory 3. Import diagnostic antibodies from OIE reference laboratory and/or other laboratories 4. Establish conditions for isolation of virus in cell culture 5. Establish and validate PCR for virus identification 6. Raise polyclonal antiserum specific for RSIV 7. Evaluate polyclonal antiserum as a diagnostic reagent 8. Document a standard diagnostic test for detection and identification of RSIV 9. Draft Final Report 10. Finalise and submit Final Report Read moreRead less
Atlantic Salmon Aquaculture Subprogram: Culture And Cryopreservation Of Neoparamoeba Perurans (AGD)
Funder
Fisheries Research and Development Corporation
Funding Amount
$142,074.12
Summary
Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) research requires access to N. perurans, which is the causative organism for this disease. The use of an infection tank it is still a reasonably expensive option for obtaining amoebae. If the culture and cryopreservation are successful AGD researchers, including industry, will have access to cheaper amoebae. Culture of clones will allow research which is currently impossible with wild isolates. Objectives: 1. To improve culture and preservation techni ....Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) research requires access to N. perurans, which is the causative organism for this disease. The use of an infection tank it is still a reasonably expensive option for obtaining amoebae. If the culture and cryopreservation are successful AGD researchers, including industry, will have access to cheaper amoebae. Culture of clones will allow research which is currently impossible with wild isolates. Objectives: 1. To improve culture and preservation techniques of Neoparamoeba perurans 2. To determine the effect of time in culture on viability and virulence of clones of Neoparamoeba perurans Read moreRead less