Glycointeractions. This project aims to characterise two new classes of structural interactions with carbohydrates: carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions and short alpha helical domains which can bind carbohydrates. Carbohydrate structures are found on the surface of cells in all forms of life. The intended outcome is to understand the molecular basis for these carbohydrate interactions. This information should provide an intellectual framework for understanding and manipulating these carbohydr ....Glycointeractions. This project aims to characterise two new classes of structural interactions with carbohydrates: carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions and short alpha helical domains which can bind carbohydrates. Carbohydrate structures are found on the surface of cells in all forms of life. The intended outcome is to understand the molecular basis for these carbohydrate interactions. This information should provide an intellectual framework for understanding and manipulating these carbohydrate interactions, which underpin many processes in biological systems. The findings will inform the design of future drugs to block these interactions and will generate new tools for glycoscience.Read moreRead less
What is killing the honeybees? The role of RNA viruses. This project aims to determine if the Varroa mite, the most important parasite of honeybees, selects for virulent strains of RNA viruses. Before Varroa’s inevitable arrival in Australia, this project will disentangle the effect of Varroa and the bees’ immune system on the evolution of virulence of bee viruses. Australia’s honeybees are Varroa-naïve and don’t carry virulent viruses. There is a known association between Varroa and colonies dy ....What is killing the honeybees? The role of RNA viruses. This project aims to determine if the Varroa mite, the most important parasite of honeybees, selects for virulent strains of RNA viruses. Before Varroa’s inevitable arrival in Australia, this project will disentangle the effect of Varroa and the bees’ immune system on the evolution of virulence of bee viruses. Australia’s honeybees are Varroa-naïve and don’t carry virulent viruses. There is a known association between Varroa and colonies dying from viruses; however, it is not known what is cause and effect. This project will clarify Varroa’s exact role in the evolution of virulence in RNA viruses. The intended outcome is increased knowledge allowing the design of an effective treatment to prevent the death of honeybee colonies.Read moreRead less
Role Of Hepatic Stellate Cell And Liver Progenitor Cell Interactions In The Regulation Of Wound Healing And Liver Regeneration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$620,716.00
Summary
The liver has a remarkable capacity for regeneration following acute and chronic liver injury, however, the mechanisms which facilitate this wound healing are not understood. This project will examine the interactions between different liver cell populations, including hepatic stellate cells (liver fibroblasts) and liver progenitor cells (stem cells of the liver) and will determine which factors regulate inflammation, liver scarring and restitution of liver mass following chronic liver injury.
Control of actin assembly by cell-cell adhesion: molecular effectors and higher order function. Functional cooperation between the actin cytoskeleton and cadherin cell-cell adhesion molecules plays critical roles during development and morphogenesis. This proposal builds on my lab's recent discovery that E-cadherin interacts with and regulates the Arp2/3 actin nucleator complex, a central determinant of actin assembly in cells. We will explore key implications of this finding, concentrating on d ....Control of actin assembly by cell-cell adhesion: molecular effectors and higher order function. Functional cooperation between the actin cytoskeleton and cadherin cell-cell adhesion molecules plays critical roles during development and morphogenesis. This proposal builds on my lab's recent discovery that E-cadherin interacts with and regulates the Arp2/3 actin nucleator complex, a central determinant of actin assembly in cells. We will explore key implications of this finding, concentrating on defining the molecular mechanisms that regulate Arp2/3 and actin assembly in cadherin-based adhesion. Our work combines molecular characterization of regulatory mechanisms and proteomic searches for new regulators, with tests of the higher-order function of this novel process in cell adhesion and recognition.Read moreRead less
Evolution And Function Of A Novel Lateral Flagellar Locus, Flag-2, In Pathogenic Escherichia Coli
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$465,158.00
Summary
This project will study how the bacteria that cause infant diarrhoea colonize the intestine and induce disease. We have identified a novel genetic region that allows E. coli to survive and persist in the intestine. Similar genes are also present in closely related organisms. This project will help us to undestand how new diseases evolve and emerge and may lead to the development of new vaccines to protect against infant diarrhoea.
Balancing cadherin-actin cooperation: the key regulatory role of Ena/VASP proteins. This project analyses a fundamental mechanism of how cells work together in tissues. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of how cells work will provide important basic scientific information to enrich the scientific expertise in Australia and its part in the international community, generate insights relevant for understanding human disease and physical degeneration, and support the training of young scienti ....Balancing cadherin-actin cooperation: the key regulatory role of Ena/VASP proteins. This project analyses a fundamental mechanism of how cells work together in tissues. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of how cells work will provide important basic scientific information to enrich the scientific expertise in Australia and its part in the international community, generate insights relevant for understanding human disease and physical degeneration, and support the training of young scientists in Australia.Read moreRead less
Role Of IGF Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) And IGFBP-5 As Modulators Of Nuclear Hormone Signalling
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$465,750.00
Summary
The insulin-like growth factors are small proteins involved in the growth of most tissues. Their actions are regulated by binding to larger proteins (known as IGFBPs) in the bloodstream and outside the cell. However, some IGFBPs are also found inside cells, where they seem to carry out other functions. We believe that two of these binding proteins, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5, change the way cells respond to vitamin A and vitamin D. These two vitamins are important in cell growth and in the way certain ....The insulin-like growth factors are small proteins involved in the growth of most tissues. Their actions are regulated by binding to larger proteins (known as IGFBPs) in the bloodstream and outside the cell. However, some IGFBPs are also found inside cells, where they seem to carry out other functions. We believe that two of these binding proteins, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5, change the way cells respond to vitamin A and vitamin D. These two vitamins are important in cell growth and in the way certain cells perform specialised functions. In test-tube experiments, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 interact directly with the receptors that regulate the effects of these hormones. If the same thing happens inside the cell, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 could change the way these receptors respond to signals from outside the cell. We will investigate what effect these IGFBPs have in living cells and in whole animals and how this may relate to human disease. If we are able to understand how IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 affect the way cells respond to vitamin A and D, then we may be able to develop new ways to treat certain human diseases.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE210101144
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$429,450.00
Summary
Understanding crosstalks between Natural Killer cells and Dendritic Cells. This project aims to investigate the interactions between two populations of immune cells: natural killer cells and dendritic cells. This proposal will advance basic knowledge in immunology by innovating in considering the heterogeneity and diversity of these two immune populations and combining interdisciplinary approaches using cutting-edge technologies. Expected outcomes from this proposal include the identification of ....Understanding crosstalks between Natural Killer cells and Dendritic Cells. This project aims to investigate the interactions between two populations of immune cells: natural killer cells and dendritic cells. This proposal will advance basic knowledge in immunology by innovating in considering the heterogeneity and diversity of these two immune populations and combining interdisciplinary approaches using cutting-edge technologies. Expected outcomes from this proposal include the identification of new immunoregulatory pathways, the development of new scientific theories, and enhancement of Australia’s research capacity through international collaborations and student training. This project will provide significant benefits such as the identification of biological targets for development of new biotechnologies. Read moreRead less
Tissue tension homeostasis by junctional mechanosensing. This project examines how tissues use mechanical tension to preserve their integrity. This comes from the recent appreciation that cells pull on the connections between each other to generate tension. Further, molecular mechanisms exist for cells to sense changes in this tension and then to enlist the appropriate responses to restore tension. The project aims to test how local changes in tension are detected and corrected, when tissue inte ....Tissue tension homeostasis by junctional mechanosensing. This project examines how tissues use mechanical tension to preserve their integrity. This comes from the recent appreciation that cells pull on the connections between each other to generate tension. Further, molecular mechanisms exist for cells to sense changes in this tension and then to enlist the appropriate responses to restore tension. The project aims to test how local changes in tension are detected and corrected, when tissue integrity is compromised by very different causes. The project endeavours to establish a new conceptual paradigm for understanding tissue homeostasis, based on cell biology and biomechanics, with implications for developmental biology and tissue engineering.Read moreRead less