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Stress and obesity can lead to high blood pressure and greatly increase the risk of life threatening cardiovascular events. This application seeks to determine which chemicals and parts of the brain are responsible for amplifying the responses to repeated stress and during obesity in animal models leading to hypertension.
Sun Exposure, Vitamin D And Photohealth Over The Lifetime
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$622,655.00
Summary
Australia is a sunny country with a diverse population. Inappropriate sun exposure for skin type leads to skin cancer (mainly in the fair-skinned) and vitamin D deficiency (particularly in the darker-skinned). Potential benefits of sun exposure are broader than vitamin D production, but remain ill-defined. There are few data on appropriate sun exposure for children. This research fellowship builds the evidence to guide sun exposure messages.
Structure-based And Fragment-based Approaches To Developing New Therapeutics
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$763,409.00
Summary
Two powerful and complementary approaches to developing new drugs will be combined to target proteins that play key roles in malaria and other parasite and bacterial infections with the aim of developing new therapeutics. In addition, the potential of peptide toxins to treat autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, as well as chronic pain and other conditions, will be exploited to develop new drugs.
Oxidative Processes In Vascular Health And Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$851,980.00
Summary
The process that turns cut fruit brown when it is exposed to air is thought to cause disease of our blood vessels and heart as we age. Despite what we first thought, 'blocking' this oxidation process with antioxidant supplements does not lower heart disease. This is because oxidation not only causes harm but also is useful and essential for normal body function. Our research program aims to show which oxidative processes are needed for blood vessel health or cause vessel disease.
Dissecting Human B-cell Function: From Primary Immunodeficiencies To Chronic Inflammatory Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$631,370.00
Summary
Despite knowing a lot about immunity in a mice, functional analysis of the human immune system has been a major challenge. I will study defects of immune cells in humans with gene mutations that cause an antibody deficiency. With new insights from these unique clinical samples, I will functionally dissect human immune responses, directly translate these to chronic inflammatory disease, and provide implications for future vaccine development and cancer treatment.
Immunological Diseases: Understanding Their Cause And Improving Their Treatment By Human Genome Sequencing
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$788,486.00
Summary
Prof Goodnow will develop a collaborative consortium of specialist physicians, laboratory researchers and bioinformaticians. This team will apply the new tools of large scale DNA sequencing to reveal the root cause of immune system diseases including: autoimmune diseases, congenital immune deficiency diseases, allergic disorders, and cancer. It aims to accelerate, simplify and unify the diagnosis of these diseases, and guide targeted, earlier and more effective treatment.
Pathophysiology And Treatment Of Malaria In Our Region
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$951,005.00
Summary
Malaria continues to kill 420,000 people/year. I will lead a team of clinical scientists in identifying how each of the different malaria parasites cause damage to small blood vessels, kidneys and other organs, and will test whether two different drugs can improve these processes and reduce illness. Many of my previous research findings have changed malaria treatment in Australia and across SE Asia, and, where appropriate, I will use new research findings to improve treatments.
As a molecular geneticist, I am interested in how and why genetic mutations occur, how these changes cause disease or disease predisposition, and ways of better treating and monitoring genetic disease. The ‘model diseases’ I am most interested in are blood cell diseases such as autoimmunity (e.g. arthritis) and leukaemias.
In autoimmune diseases the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues. Although we know that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the risk of disease, identifying these genes and the environmental factors involved is very difficult. Furthermore, we have almost no idea how these factors interact with each other, something we need to understand in order to predict the risk of disease and reliably identify possible therapies. These are the aims of this fellowship.
Heart failure (HF) describes where the heart cannot pump adequately to meet the bodyÍs needs. Mortality remains high; therefore, there is an urgent need for new treatment approaches. The present grant aims to: (1) evaluate treatments for patients at high-risk for future development of HF (2) examine the ability to safely withdraw unnecessary HF drugs (3) focus on the effect of HF on the kidney via novel treatment strategies (4) examine the emerging role of cancer drugs in development of HF.