Elemental release and oxidant production from mixed coal mine dusts. The aim of this project is to understand the implications of physical and chemical characteristics of mixed coal mine dusts to their elemental release and oxidant production. The re-emergence of occupational lung diseases in recent years has revealed a major knowledge gap in the area of respirable particle reactivity. This research will examine the role between coal mine dust and their capacity to produce reactive oxygen specie ....Elemental release and oxidant production from mixed coal mine dusts. The aim of this project is to understand the implications of physical and chemical characteristics of mixed coal mine dusts to their elemental release and oxidant production. The re-emergence of occupational lung diseases in recent years has revealed a major knowledge gap in the area of respirable particle reactivity. This research will examine the role between coal mine dust and their capacity to produce reactive oxygen species, with the focus being on the role of physical and chemical properties of particles and how they transform with age. The findings will be used to develop screening protocols and develop novel monitoring / mitigation strategies for coal mine workers.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0668345
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$390,700.00
Summary
A highly sensitive mass spectrometer for trace analysis of biomarker molecules to study changes in recent and ancient environments. Maintaining the quality of water and soil is a critically important issue for Australia's economic and social development. To be able to predict and plan the future of our natural assets, it is critical to understand their ecological past and their state before and after European settlement. We will utilize the new instrument to develop and apply innovative technolo ....A highly sensitive mass spectrometer for trace analysis of biomarker molecules to study changes in recent and ancient environments. Maintaining the quality of water and soil is a critically important issue for Australia's economic and social development. To be able to predict and plan the future of our natural assets, it is critical to understand their ecological past and their state before and after European settlement. We will utilize the new instrument to develop and apply innovative technologies providing Australia with new knowledge about the causes and effects of toxic cyanobacterial blooms, eutrophication, and contamination of reservoirs by bush-fires. The new facility will also supply advanced oil fingerprinting techniques to the petroleum industry minimizing exploration risk and increasing the chance of the discovery of new oil deposits.Read moreRead less
A new paradigm for the geochemistry of mineral precipitation and dissolution in aquatic systems: Polymer-based numerical modelling. The ability to predict the formation and dissolution of solids (minerals and precipitates) in aquatic systems is currently constrained by limitations of the traditional thermodynamic approach. A new approach based on the kinetics of the underlying chemical reactions is expected to overcome these limitations and greatly improve the ability to describe these processes ....A new paradigm for the geochemistry of mineral precipitation and dissolution in aquatic systems: Polymer-based numerical modelling. The ability to predict the formation and dissolution of solids (minerals and precipitates) in aquatic systems is currently constrained by limitations of the traditional thermodynamic approach. A new approach based on the kinetics of the underlying chemical reactions is expected to overcome these limitations and greatly improve the ability to describe these processes. This new fundamental knowledge will be useful in many diverse fields including aquatic geochemistry, soil chemistry, water engineering, and nanotechnology. The new approach will be specifically applied to improve understanding of processes related to the globally significant environmental issues of marine iron fertilisation, ocean acidification and acid sulfate soils.Read moreRead less
Hyper-accumulations of monosulfidic sediments: Exploring a biogeochemical extreme to resolve fundamental sulfur biomineralisation pathways. The hyper-accumulation of monosulfidic sediments has a directsocial, economic and environmental impact on communities in many parts of Australia, including highly valued wetland systems such as the Ramsar wetlands of the lower Murray Darling Basin and internationally recognised Peel-Harvey Estuary of WA. Maintenance dredging of these materials alone costs th ....Hyper-accumulations of monosulfidic sediments: Exploring a biogeochemical extreme to resolve fundamental sulfur biomineralisation pathways. The hyper-accumulation of monosulfidic sediments has a directsocial, economic and environmental impact on communities in many parts of Australia, including highly valued wetland systems such as the Ramsar wetlands of the lower Murray Darling Basin and internationally recognised Peel-Harvey Estuary of WA. Maintenance dredging of these materials alone costs the nation millions of dollars annually. The hyper monosulfidic sediments are also linked to severe environmental impacts. This project will inform how these materials develop and accumulate. This new knowledge will be of immediate relevance for the management of eutrophic estuaries.Read moreRead less
Redox transformations of natural organic matter. This project aims to determine the electron transfer (redox) properties of terrestrially and microbially-derived natural organic matter (NOM) and the implications of these redox characteristics to reactive oxygen species generation, metals transformation and carbon cycling. Experimental and computational studies using model compounds containing quinone and thiol-containing functional groups as well as well-characterised humic substances and algal ....Redox transformations of natural organic matter. This project aims to determine the electron transfer (redox) properties of terrestrially and microbially-derived natural organic matter (NOM) and the implications of these redox characteristics to reactive oxygen species generation, metals transformation and carbon cycling. Experimental and computational studies using model compounds containing quinone and thiol-containing functional groups as well as well-characterised humic substances and algal exudates will be undertaken under both dark and light conditions. Kinetic models of these processes will be developed enabling prediction of the impact of NOM-mediated electron transfer processes on oxidant generation, metals transformation and carbon cycling.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE140100007
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$330,000.00
Summary
An integrated facility for the advanced characterisation of environmental particles. An integrated facility for the advanced characterisation of environmental particles: This project will result in development of a state-of-the-art facility for comprehensive determination of particle size, concentration and surface properties for a wide range of environmentally occurring particles, in rapid succession. Combining several novel and advanced instruments into an integrated facility will permit in si ....An integrated facility for the advanced characterisation of environmental particles. An integrated facility for the advanced characterisation of environmental particles: This project will result in development of a state-of-the-art facility for comprehensive determination of particle size, concentration and surface properties for a wide range of environmentally occurring particles, in rapid succession. Combining several novel and advanced instruments into an integrated facility will permit in situ and kinetic experiments that are currently unable to be easily undertaken anywhere in Australia. This will enable major progress for internationally significant research activities in areas including sediment geochemistry, contaminant mobility, and biogeochemistry. The project will thus help to address several pressing global environmental issues while adding substantial new capabilities for Australian research.Read moreRead less
The Impact of Trawling on Nitrogen Removal through Sediment Denitrification in Western Moreton Bay. Nutrient enrichment of coastal waters is a national problem requiring urgent action. Sediment denitrification is one of the few natural processes capable of counteracting the process of eutrophication. Although trawling is undertaken in coastal water bodies around Australia the impact on sediment denitrification and the nitrogen budgets of coastal systems has never been considered. Many hundred's ....The Impact of Trawling on Nitrogen Removal through Sediment Denitrification in Western Moreton Bay. Nutrient enrichment of coastal waters is a national problem requiring urgent action. Sediment denitrification is one of the few natural processes capable of counteracting the process of eutrophication. Although trawling is undertaken in coastal water bodies around Australia the impact on sediment denitrification and the nitrogen budgets of coastal systems has never been considered. Many hundred's of millions of dollars are likely to be spent over the next ten years on the management of nitrogen enrichment of Australia's coastal waters. This study will quantify the impact of trawling on sediment denitrification; information which is critical for the efficient allocation of management resources.Read moreRead less
The importance of sediment denitrification in the nitrogen budget of the inshore wet tropics section of the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon. The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is a World Heritage Area that has significant ecological, economical and social values for the Australian (world) community. Nutrient over-enrichment (eutrophication) associated with runoff from adjacent catchments is a major threat to the GBR. This study will quantify what proportion of the terrestrial nitrogen load delivered to the ....The importance of sediment denitrification in the nitrogen budget of the inshore wet tropics section of the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon. The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is a World Heritage Area that has significant ecological, economical and social values for the Australian (world) community. Nutrient over-enrichment (eutrophication) associated with runoff from adjacent catchments is a major threat to the GBR. This study will quantify what proportion of the terrestrial nitrogen load delivered to the inshore wet tropics section of the Great Barrier Reef Lagoon is removed through sediment denitrification. Critical information for understanding the process of eutrophication in the GBR Lagoon that will be used by our Industry Partner in the management, rehabilitation and protection of the GBR.Read moreRead less
Unravelling the synergistic effect of ocean acidification and pore water advection on carbonate sediment dissolution: a global sink for CO2? The purpose of this project is to investigate the role of ocean acidification and pore water advection on the release of calcium and alkalinity from carbonate sediments. The expected outcomes of this project is a better understanding of the role of carbonate sediments in buffering ocean acidification and the uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
New perspectives on iron oxide transformations in oxic and anoxic aqueous environments: implications for iron bioavailability and contaminant mobility. Transformations in the form and reactivity of iron oxides in oxic and anoxic aqueous environments are considerably more dynamic than previously thought. This project will examine the nature and extent of these transformations and elucidate their impact on supply of iron to organisms and mobility of uranium and arsenic in groundwaters.