Acute Bronchitis In General Practice: What Factors Predict A Poor Outcome And Can Antibiotics Help?
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$393,750.00
Summary
In Australia acute bronchitis is one of the commonest reasons for patients to attend their general practitioner. It can have considerable impact on patients lives with patients coughing on average for two weeks, with a third spending some time in bed and a quarter not returning to their usual activities for many weeks. If they attend a general practitioner (GP) it is likely they will receive antibiotics. But researchers believe that antibiotics are over prescribed for this condition and the emer ....In Australia acute bronchitis is one of the commonest reasons for patients to attend their general practitioner. It can have considerable impact on patients lives with patients coughing on average for two weeks, with a third spending some time in bed and a quarter not returning to their usual activities for many weeks. If they attend a general practitioner (GP) it is likely they will receive antibiotics. But researchers believe that antibiotics are over prescribed for this condition and the emergence of bacterial resistance is a real concern to health authorities. GPs are therefore being urged to reduce the prescription of antibioics for this common condition. But surveys by the National Prescribing Service (NPS) indicate that this is one area where GPs find it difficult to meet national recommendations. In part this may be because GPs do not wish to undertreat or miss a serious respiratory illness. Also results from randomised controlled trials examining the effectiveness of antibiotics for acute bronchitis suggest some benefit from treatment, at least in some patients. However it is not clear who these patients are and how much benefit they would get from receiving antibiotics. This creates a great deal of uncertainity for GPs who then opt for a 'just in case prescription' for everyone presenting with acute bronchitis. Our study will re-examine the symptoms, and clinical findings of patients presenting to their GP with acute cough and explore the impact of this common illness on patients lives. We will determine who does and does not benefit from antibiotics, and give guidance to GPs about the symptoms, clinical findings and investigations that predict a poorer outcome. Evidence from this study will be incorporated into treatment guidelines for acute bronchitis leading to more rational and effective management of this common problem.Read moreRead less
The Generation Of High Quality Evidence In Critical Care Medicine Through Multicentre Randomized Controleld Trials And Its Translation Into Practice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$240,121.00
Summary
This research program will establish new approaches to sepsis, traumatic brain injury, kidney protection, transfusion, post-operative care, sedation, antibiotics and mobilization of acutely ill patients. Experimental research will help understand why the kidney malfunctions during severe infection. Database investigations will identify of successful patterns of treatment and potential new fields of investigations. Informatics based studies will use electronic data to develop decision support sys ....This research program will establish new approaches to sepsis, traumatic brain injury, kidney protection, transfusion, post-operative care, sedation, antibiotics and mobilization of acutely ill patients. Experimental research will help understand why the kidney malfunctions during severe infection. Database investigations will identify of successful patterns of treatment and potential new fields of investigations. Informatics based studies will use electronic data to develop decision support systems to improve patient care.Read moreRead less
The Effect Of Airborne Particles On Chronic Respiratory Disease And The Role Of Public Health Interventions.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$54,255.00
Summary
Chronic respiratory diseases place a significant burden on health services in Australia. Defining the role of airborne particles in the exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases could enable many patients to control respiratory symptoms more effectively, thus improving lung function, reducing medication use and lowering the demand for non-urgent health services. Public health interventions, such as health-based air quality warning systems, could also play an important role in heightening awar ....Chronic respiratory diseases place a significant burden on health services in Australia. Defining the role of airborne particles in the exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases could enable many patients to control respiratory symptoms more effectively, thus improving lung function, reducing medication use and lowering the demand for non-urgent health services. Public health interventions, such as health-based air quality warning systems, could also play an important role in heightening awareness of potential environmental triggers of respiratory symptoms, and assist people to manage their exposures and respiratory health more effectively. The project aims to: 1 _ to measure the public health impacts of airborne particulate matter and pollen, on chronic respiratory diseases in Australia. 2 _ to investigate public health interventions that may be used to reduce the number of people adversely affected, to reduce the severity of such effects and to enhance public awareness of the health impacts of environmental allergens.Read moreRead less
Breathe Well: A Centre For Research Excellence In Chronic Respiratory Diseases And Lung Ageing
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,527,082.00
Summary
Our CRE is based on common respiratory conditions covering wide spectrum of ages and severity. We will investigate how to maintain optimal respiratory health, through innovative approaches to early detection, improved therapy and adherence. We have a strong multi-disciplinary team of collaborators and we will build capacity through post-doctoral fellowships to improve our structural balance and optimise translational outputs. Tasmania is an ideal community to host a strong CCRE.
High Flow Cannula Therapy In Bronchiolitis, A Randomised Controlled Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,283,342.00
Summary
Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of paediatric hospitalisation in Australia. Despite multiple research studies the outcome has not changed. Our recent studies supported by other international studies have shown that the use of high flow nasal cannula oxygen may reduce the severity and prevent progression of the disease. We aim to investigate if HFNC in regional hospitals can reduce the number of infants transferred to specialist children’s hospitals and reduce the socio-economic burden.
Droperidol And Olanzapine As Adjuncts To Midazolam For The Acutely Agitated Patient: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$187,872.00
Summary
Management of the acutely agitated patient, whether due to severe psychiatric illness or drug intoxication, results in a disproportionate use of Emergency Department resources. Drug sedation is frequently employed when an individual is at risk of harming themselves or others. This study will determine if antipsychotic drugs (droperidol and olanzapine), when added to midazolam (a commonly used sedative), is safer and more efficacious than sedation with midazolam alone.
This project will investigate the causes of respiratory disease and poor lung function across the life course. Using existing lung health data from Australia and Europe, we will determine which behavioral, environmental, occupational, nutritional, other modifiable lifestyle, or genetic factors play a role in lung health. This research will enable the development of a personalised risk predictor application for implementation with patients and health care providers as well as the general public.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung condition caused by cigarette smoking. COPD consists of emphysema and chronic bronchitis, which lead to worsening breathlessness, cough and sputum production and need for oxygen. COPD is the third highest cause of burden of disease to the community in Australia and the fourth leading cause of death. People with COPD suffer many chest infections, which need antibiotics and offer need admission to hospital. However there is much variab ....Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung condition caused by cigarette smoking. COPD consists of emphysema and chronic bronchitis, which lead to worsening breathlessness, cough and sputum production and need for oxygen. COPD is the third highest cause of burden of disease to the community in Australia and the fourth leading cause of death. People with COPD suffer many chest infections, which need antibiotics and offer need admission to hospital. However there is much variability in the pattern of COPD related to infections. Natural chemicals produced by the body that fight infection are likely to be involved in this variability. Recently it has been discovered that there are variations in the genetic sequence of the genes that code for these chemicals. These genetic variations change the structure of the chemicals or the rate at which they are produced. Therefore it is highly likely that these genetic variations may influence the risk of developing COPD, and the risk of getting infections. In this study, we aim to systematically examine how these genetic variations alter the development of COPD and the risk of infections. At the start, we will collect a blood sample and phlegm (sputum) specimen from each person. The results of the genetic tests will then be compared to the risk of developing COPD, the chemicals produced and the risk of infection. We believe this study will improve our understanding of how COPD and its complications develop, leading to better treatment for this condition in the future.Read moreRead less
Modulating COVID-19 Disease By Targeting Virus And Virus-induced Responses Through Pharmaceutical And Mechanical Ventilation Strategies: SARS-CoV-2 S-protein, ACE2 And TMPRSS2
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$628,856.00
Summary
COVID-19 is a current global pandemic that is likely to be an on-going threat. We need a multipronged strategy to combat COVID-19, including therapeutic anti-virals and clinical practice management strategy. We will address both these points to define the mechanisms triggering disease, test existing drugs targeting androgens and modify the way doctors use ventilators to treat COVID-19 disease in the intensive care unit. Outcomes will have impact beyond COVID-19 for managing viral lung disease.