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RNAi Therapeutic Intervention Of Human Viral Respiratory Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$584,117.00
Summary
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV), causes clinical disease that is very similar to human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and co-circulates with RSV. HMPV is emerging as a major cause of morbidity and life-threatening respiratory tract disease in infants, young children and the elderly worldwide. No treatment is currently available. The objectives of this proposal are to develop novel antiviral drugs that silence the expression of viral genes and to examine protection against the disease.
Mechanism/s Of Disease Caused By Respiratory Viral Infections
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$479,517.00
Summary
A newly discovered respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), causes clinical disease that is very similar to human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and co-circulates with RSV. Human RSV is a major cause of morbidity and life-threatening respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide, and is recognised as an important respiratory pathogen in elderly adults and immune compromised patients. The recent isolation of HMPV from children hospitalised with respiratory tract ill ....A newly discovered respiratory virus, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), causes clinical disease that is very similar to human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and co-circulates with RSV. Human RSV is a major cause of morbidity and life-threatening respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide, and is recognised as an important respiratory pathogen in elderly adults and immune compromised patients. The recent isolation of HMPV from children hospitalised with respiratory tract illness similar to RSV, but with an unknown etiology, suggests that HMPV may mediate similar clinical pathology. Nothing is currently known about the immune response to HMPV, or the association of these responses with lung disease. The objectives of this proposal are to elucidate the mechanisms of immunity and disease pathogenesis associated with human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and to investigate the use of a novel vaccine to protect against HMPV infection. Once this data is obtained, the study will provide the foundation for further research in the development of vaccines or therapeutic protocols to treat HMPV. It will also provide valuable information for understanding the disease in humans. Also,it is likely that HMPV, like hRSV, may prove to be an agent associated with long-term decreased pulmonary function and airflow limitation perhaps developing to asthma.Read moreRead less
The Significance Of Human Metapneumovirus In The Australian Paediatric Population
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$457,625.00
Summary
A newly discovered paramyxovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), shows clinical and virological charcteristics very similar to those of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV). Human RSV is the major cause of acute lower respiratory illness in infants and accounts for more than 1 million deaths world wide annually. Most infants are infected in their first year of life, and re-infection is common. Genetic variation of the virus is thought to play a critical role in its ability to escape the immun ....A newly discovered paramyxovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), shows clinical and virological charcteristics very similar to those of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV). Human RSV is the major cause of acute lower respiratory illness in infants and accounts for more than 1 million deaths world wide annually. Most infants are infected in their first year of life, and re-infection is common. Genetic variation of the virus is thought to play a critical role in its ability to escape the immune response and establish multiple sequential infections in the same host. Currently, we have no knowledge of the extent that hMPV exists in the Australian population, nor do we know if hMPV is a significant respiratory pathogen in paediatric patients. This research aims to determine the importance of hMPV as a respiratory agent, and will establish the rate, age of exposure, and incidence of hMPV infection in Australian children. In addition, we will identify the hMPV strains (genotypes) that infect local children, and the difference, if any, between these and virus strains detected in children from other community groups, and from overseas. Such data is invaluable in devising a future vaccine strategy for hMPV, and the study of the genetic variability among Australian strains will have profound implications for public health. This research project is a preliminary study into the clinical and virological significance of hMPV, in children, and will form a basis for future research projects. Once this preliminary data is obtained, further studies are possible to determine the cellular immune response to hMPV infection and its role in long-term protection. Also,it is likely that hMPV, like hRSV, may prove to be an agent associated with long-term decreased pulmonary function and airflow limitation perhaps developing to asthma.Read moreRead less
Evaluation Of Optimal Pharmacologic Haemodynamic Support Strategies In Patients Presenting With Shock
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$132,743.00
Summary
Shock is one of the most challenging clinical management scenarios experienced by clinicians. It is a syndrome characterised by an imbalance of oxygen delivery and demand particularly in vital organs. Despite the advances in current treatment strategies for patients with shock, there is still significant morbidity and mortality associated with this syndrome. It is the goal of my PhD to develop improved treatment pathways for patients with shock in order to improve their clinical outcomes.
Improving Early Recognition And Response To Symptoms In Acute Cardiovascular Events.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$316,449.00
Summary
An important challenge facing cardiovascular public health is to improve access to treatment for acute events, like heart attacks and stroke, by improving public recognition and the initial response to symptoms. This research aims to extend the current understanding and to evaluate existing and test new interventions in this area. Outcomes from this research will inform the development of future campaigns and interventions aiming to improve symptom recognition and reduce delays in presenting to ....An important challenge facing cardiovascular public health is to improve access to treatment for acute events, like heart attacks and stroke, by improving public recognition and the initial response to symptoms. This research aims to extend the current understanding and to evaluate existing and test new interventions in this area. Outcomes from this research will inform the development of future campaigns and interventions aiming to improve symptom recognition and reduce delays in presenting to hospital for acute cardiovascular events.Read moreRead less
Translational Research Program To Advance Clinical Outcomes In Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$418,192.00
Summary
Five-year survival in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is only 27%, placing it amongst the worst-ranked cancers for clinical outcome. Improved patient outcomes will be achieved through implementation of a Translational Research Program to support novel agent drug testing, early-phase and randomised clinical trials and a national clinical registry to audit outcomes. New insights into leukaemic stem cell function and mechanisms of drug resistance will inform the design of future clinical trials.
The Generation Of High Quality Evidence In Critical Care Medicine Through Multicentre Randomized Controleld Trials And Its Translation Into Practice
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$240,121.00
Summary
This research program will establish new approaches to sepsis, traumatic brain injury, kidney protection, transfusion, post-operative care, sedation, antibiotics and mobilization of acutely ill patients. Experimental research will help understand why the kidney malfunctions during severe infection. Database investigations will identify of successful patterns of treatment and potential new fields of investigations. Informatics based studies will use electronic data to develop decision support sys ....This research program will establish new approaches to sepsis, traumatic brain injury, kidney protection, transfusion, post-operative care, sedation, antibiotics and mobilization of acutely ill patients. Experimental research will help understand why the kidney malfunctions during severe infection. Database investigations will identify of successful patterns of treatment and potential new fields of investigations. Informatics based studies will use electronic data to develop decision support systems to improve patient care.Read moreRead less
Molecular Analysis Of Myelodysplasia In The Nup98HoxD13 Mouse Model
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$351,502.00
Summary
Myelodysplastic syndrome is a preleukemic condition which is poorly understood and occuring at an increasing frequency. Unfortunately no targeted therapy exists. Two features of the disease are abnormal gene expression and abnormal cell death. We have a uniquely accurate model of this disease, and we plan to use it to investigate these two phenomena which will lead to greater understanding of the disease and new molecular targets for therapeutic agents to be developed and tested in our model.
Implementation Of Quality Use Of Advanced CT Imaging In Acute Stroke
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,128,594.00
Summary
Many centres now use advanced CT scanning techniques to assess stroke patient suitability for clot-dissolving treatment. However, there is major variation across Australia in the clinical application of advanced CT scanning techniques, which is a barrier to the delivery of this treatment. This project addresses the variation in CT imaging techniques by developing, piloting and evaluating the implementation of a standardised advanced CT scanning strategy for acute stroke patients.
Modulating COVID-19 Disease By Targeting Virus And Virus-induced Responses Through Pharmaceutical And Mechanical Ventilation Strategies: SARS-CoV-2 S-protein, ACE2 And TMPRSS2
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$628,856.00
Summary
COVID-19 is a current global pandemic that is likely to be an on-going threat. We need a multipronged strategy to combat COVID-19, including therapeutic anti-virals and clinical practice management strategy. We will address both these points to define the mechanisms triggering disease, test existing drugs targeting androgens and modify the way doctors use ventilators to treat COVID-19 disease in the intensive care unit. Outcomes will have impact beyond COVID-19 for managing viral lung disease.