PURINERGIC TRANSMISSION AND CENTRAL AUTONOMIC REGULATION
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$157,848.00
Summary
The brain regulates bodily functions in a complex manner. One such example is the regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. This is achieved by an interconnected network of brain nuclei that sense information from the major blood vessels and integrate appropriate responses to maintain the status quo. Chemicals called neurotransmitters convey the nervous messages, and one such example is purines, which include ATP and adenosine. Both ATP and adenosine can act in a number of brain regions to mo ....The brain regulates bodily functions in a complex manner. One such example is the regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. This is achieved by an interconnected network of brain nuclei that sense information from the major blood vessels and integrate appropriate responses to maintain the status quo. Chemicals called neurotransmitters convey the nervous messages, and one such example is purines, which include ATP and adenosine. Both ATP and adenosine can act in a number of brain regions to modulate blood pressure and heart rate. This project is designed to characterise the mechanism by which purines act within specific brain nuclei to regulate the cardiovascular system. Considering the large economic burden on the healthcare system caused by cardiovascular disease, this research is vital to increase our understanding of how diseases such as hypertension may be caused, and therefore provide improved therapeutic strategies.Read moreRead less
Mechanisms Of A Novel Strategy For Neuroprotection In Experimental Models Of Stroke And Epilepsy
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$480,499.00
Summary
Stroke and epilepsy are among the most common neurological disorders affecting many Australians. In both disorders, brain metabolism is disturbed. Dr. Borges has found that an edible oil inhibits seizures in mice and it is now being tested in epilepsy patients. This grant will allow her laboratory to study the effects of this oil against stroke and to investigate how it protects the brain. New knowledge obtained will help to develop new treatments for brain disorders.
Properties And Electro-Physiology Of The Intrinsic Nervous System
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$419,214.00
Summary
The gut contains a very large number of nerve cells which fall into several functionally distinct groups. We have identified virtually all these functional groups in the guinea-pig small intestine and have begun an analysis of the ways the different groups communicate with each other. We have developed methods to identify the functions of any nerve cell from which we record and have also developed novel methods for specifically stimulating individual functional classes of nerve cells that contac ....The gut contains a very large number of nerve cells which fall into several functionally distinct groups. We have identified virtually all these functional groups in the guinea-pig small intestine and have begun an analysis of the ways the different groups communicate with each other. We have developed methods to identify the functions of any nerve cell from which we record and have also developed novel methods for specifically stimulating individual functional classes of nerve cells that contact them. The aim of the proposed research is to exploit these methods to identify the chemicals used by specifc types of nerve cell in transmission of information to other nerve cells during the normal behaviour of the intestine. We will record the behaviour of individual nerve cells in the gut wall while stimulating specific nerve pathways that contact them. We will then use drugs that block the activity of the chemicals of interest (small proteins called tachykinins, and certain amine compounds) to try and block the transmission of information between the nerve cells involved. Identification of the nature of the chemicals used at specific connections between different functional groups of nerve cells in the gut will allow the design of drugs for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders that will have minimal side effects. Further because the chemicals that are used for communication in the gut are also found in the brain, the results will provide evidence about the functions of these chemicals elsewhere in the nervous system.Read moreRead less
Proton translocating ATPases are central to biological energy conversion, one of the most fundamental biological processes on earth whose elucidation has already led to several Nobel prizes. Synthesis of the universal biological energy carrier ATP takes place in the well-characterised soluble domain. The focus of this study is to understand the unknown function of the proton-driven transmembrane motor, which will give fundamental new insights into biological energy conversion and its regulation.