Novel Ways Of Utilizing Genome-wide DNA Methylation Data From Peripheral Blood Samples In Genetic Epidemiology
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$285,186.00
Summary
The aim of this project is to develop statistical methods and paradigms to better leverage the considerable amount of peripheral blood DNA methylation data that has been collected from large scale epidemiological studies. In particular, our focus is on developing and optimizing statistical methods of using DNA methylation profiles to “tag” environmental exposures, so that this information can be better utilized to investigate the genetic and environmental basis of complex traits and diseases.
Tackling Heterogeneity In The Etiology Of Major Depressive Disorder
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,552,669.00
Summary
Professor Martin and his team will join an international effort to identify the first 50 genes that underlie depression. They aim to recruit 20,000 participants for this study and hope that the outcomes of their research will contribute not only to the development of better treatments for depression, but more targeted therapies for individuals affected.
Using Methods In Genetic Epidemiology To Elucidate The Relationship Between Viral Infection And Risk Of Autoimmune Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$622,446.00
Summary
Autoimmune diseases occur when the body's natural defense mechanisms attack healthy tissues by mistake. It has long been thought that viral infections might play a role in triggering autoimmune disease. Our study aims to find genes that influence the body's response to viral infection and subsequently whether the same genes are involved in autoimmune disease pathology. If the same genes are important in both situations then this will provide evidence that viruses trigger autoimmune disease.
Constructing Control Samples For The Australian And Other Populations: Improving Power And False Positive Rates In The Next Generation Of Genetic Association Studies With A Focus On Controlling For Fine-scale Population Structure In DNA Sequence Data
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$283,447.00
Summary
Individuals who live near each other tend to be more similar genetically than individuals who live in different parts of the world. One reason is that they share more of their genetic ancestry. There can be very subtle differences in patterns of genetic variation even within countries. Accounting for these subtle differences can be important for studies of the genetic basis of diseases. We will develop novel statistical methods to control for these genetic differences in disease studies.
Gene Identification For Keratoconus - A Blinding Eye Disease
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$912,880.00
Summary
Keratoconus is a common eye disease where the cornea at the front of the eye progressively becomes thinner and bulges out, resulting in severe visual impairment in young people. This project is investigating the genetic causes of keratoconus in a large collection of Australian patients. We aim to be better able to predict who will develop the disease and treat them earlier, as well as be able to target treatments to the causes of disease.
Development And Application Of A Mendelian Randomization Framework Aimed At Dissecting The Biological Basis Of Ankylosing Spondylitis And Other Complex Diseases
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$279,666.00
Summary
Our aim is to identify genes and biological molecules that cause a type of autoimmune arthritis called ankylosing spondylitis. Our approach involves finding combinations of genes that are related to biological molecules of interest and then testing to see whether the gene combination is also related to risk of disease. We hope that our strategy will lead to new drug treatments targeting the condition.
P2X7 Mediated Phagocytosis Of Apoptotic Cells: A Common Mechanism Underlies Neurological And Eye Disorders
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$527,033.00
Summary
We have found a strong genetic linkage between a protein called P2X7 and a number of neurological disorders, in line with our recent discovery of a novel function of this protein in clearance of dying cells as removal of unhealthy neurons is essential to keep brain function promptly. Further study using genetic association, cell biology and animal models will lead to a conceptual advance on how neurological diseases are occurred and developed.
Schizophrenia Under The Genomic Lens: Next Generation Sequencing Of Western Australian Families With Schizophrenia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$991,659.00
Summary
We will perform whole genome sequencing of 376 members of 88 Western Australian families, including 113 individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We will use the sequence data to conduct a gene-cenric analysis of rare genomic variants likely to contribute to schizophrenia risk in these families.
Genetic Analysis Of The Relationship Between Parental Age And Risk Of Psychiatric Disorders
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$301,012.00
Summary
Age-related de novo mutations are widely assumed to explain the association between advanced paternal age and risk of psychiatric illness, but this mechanism cannot explain the known risk to offspring of teenaged parents. We will investigate an alternative hypothesis for risk to children due to parental age, which is that elevated liability to mental illness, arising from shared genetic factors between parents and offspring, leads to delayed, or conversely teenage, parenthood.
Identifying Novel Susceptibility Loci For Osteoporosis Through Whole Genome Sequencing
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$623,969.00
Summary
Our highly successful genome-wide studies of bone mineral density (a risk factor for osteoporosis) have highlighted 60 loci relevant to the disease. However, a substantial amount of genetic variance remains unexplained. This project will focus on less common variants that have larger effect sizes and are relevant to osteoporosis, but are not well studied by approaches such as high-density SNP arrays and genome-wide association studies.