Incidence And Outcome Of Stroke In Rural South Australia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$735,541.00
Summary
We propose to undertake a population-based study of the incidence, management and outcome of stroke (survival, disability, recurrent stroke) in geographically defined segments of rural South Australia and compare these with equivalent data, collected during the same period in a defined sector of metropolitan Adelaide. It is hard to over-state the value of this information for planning health services of many kinds for the next decade.
Aetiology, Burden And Causal Pathways Of Acute Lower Respiratory Infections Using Population Linked Data
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$437,476.00
Summary
Lower respiratory, or chest infections, are a problem for many children. This project will investigate the impact of chest infections on hospitals and emergency departments, the viruses and bacteria that cause them, identify those children who are at an increased risk of having chest infections and investigate the impact of routine immunisations on specific types of infections. This project will greatly add to our understanding of chest infections so appropriate interventions can be developed.
10-year Outcome After Stroke: Final Follow-up For Survival, Stroke Recurrence, Functional Ability And Costs
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$51,475.00
Summary
Stroke is common, occurring in approximately 50,000 Australians each year. About a third of people with stroke die within the first 12 months but we do not know how many survive or how well they manage in the longer term. We aim to interview 10-year survivors of stroke to assess how much help they need to undertake everyday activities, and how much the stroke is costing the Australian community. This information will help us in planning the health care needs for stroke patients in future years.
Prognostic Factors Following A First Episode Of Central Nervous System Demyelination Suggestive Of Multiple Sclerosis.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$719,475.00
Summary
Multiple sclerosis is the second most common cause of neurological morbidity in young Australians after trauma. Knowing who will progress to develop multiple sclerosis after a first attack and at what rate they will progress is an important question as it will allow us to target treatment to those at greatest risk and modify a person's lifestyle to reduce the risk of developing MS or slow their rate of progression.
Environmental And Genetic Factors In Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Case-control Study.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$1,788,500.00
Summary
In most countries, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is the commonest cancer in children. One in 2000 children will develop this disease before their 15th birthday. New methods of treatment introduced over the last 30 years have resulted in cure for many children. However, one third of children diagnosed with this type of leukaemia still die and, even in those whose lives are saved, cure is achieved at a significant cost to the child, the family and the community. Greater understanding of the develo ....In most countries, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is the commonest cancer in children. One in 2000 children will develop this disease before their 15th birthday. New methods of treatment introduced over the last 30 years have resulted in cure for many children. However, one third of children diagnosed with this type of leukaemia still die and, even in those whose lives are saved, cure is achieved at a significant cost to the child, the family and the community. Greater understanding of the development of childhood leukaemia may lead to preventive measures. Most children with this type of leukaemia are very young, suggesting that factors to which parents are exposed may affect future children. For this reason, as well as investigating the health and lifestyle of the child, it is essential to study the parents. Recent research suggests an association between the mother's intake of folate during pregnancy and her child's risk of developing the most common type of childhood leukaemia. It is also apparent that genetic differences result in varying abilities to deal with toxins, which may alter the risk of developing some cancers. Diet and lifestyle probably also affect this risk. These observations and interactions need to be examined in greater detail. In this large Australia-wide study specific genes will, for the first time, be examined and analysed in conjunction with rigorous assessment of exposures thought to be related to the development of childhood leukaemia. Results obtained from children with leukaemia and their parents will be compared with those from healthy children and their parents. This study is unique in its attempt to assess gene-environment interactions in Australian children and their parents. It will clarify the role of folate and other potential environmental agents in the development of childhood leukaemia and examine gene variations that may affect cancer risk.Read moreRead less
Perinatal Outcomes Following Treatment For Cervical Dysplasia
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$98,600.00
Summary
A very high proportion of women in Australia have regular cervical screening ('pap' tests) for early detection of any early abnormal changes of the cervix. Women with abnormalities are referred for further investigation and some go on to have the areas with abnormalities treated either by surgical removal of small amounts of tissue or by other heat or laser treatments of affected areas. Many women having these treatments are of child-bearing age and may not have had children, or may seek to have ....A very high proportion of women in Australia have regular cervical screening ('pap' tests) for early detection of any early abnormal changes of the cervix. Women with abnormalities are referred for further investigation and some go on to have the areas with abnormalities treated either by surgical removal of small amounts of tissue or by other heat or laser treatments of affected areas. Many women having these treatments are of child-bearing age and may not have had children, or may seek to have more children after treatment. There are unanswered questions about the extent to which any or all of these treatments might, by changes to the cervix, lead to preterm birth in any subsequent pregnancy. In the proposed study, records relating to women referred from 1982 to 2000 for assessment and possible treatment of cervical abnormalities at a major hospital will be linked to Victorian birth records from 1983 to 2001. This will allow a comparison of preterm birth in the group of women referred with cervical abnormalities, with preterm births in the Victorian population, and comparing women who do and don't have treatment, taking into account other important factors such as the mother's age, and her previous pregnancies. The information will be of value to women themselves, to gynaecologists and to screening services.Read moreRead less
Psychosocial Disability And Return To Work In Younger Stroke Survivors
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$511,216.00
Summary
Each year about 12,000 Australians of working age survive a stroke. These younger survivors have responsibility for generating an income or providing care for families and state that their main objective is to return to work for financial reasons and to help rebuild confidence and independence. This observational 3 year study will determine thefactors are associated with returning to work, improving the wellbeing of thousands of stroke survivors and their families using multivariate regression.
Defining Risk And Mechanisms Of Permucosal Transmission For Acute HCV Infection Within High-risk Populations.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$395,182.00
Summary
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is usually transmitted by blood-to-blood contact. The risk of transmission by sexual contact has been thought to be low. However, in recent years increasing hepatitis C infection has been documented among HIV-positive gay men, with sexual contact the most most likely means of infection in the majority of cases. This grant will use established cohorts to define levels of hepatitis C risk through sexual contact among homosexual men to inform public health strategies.