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The Older Australian Twins Study (OATS) Of Healthy Brain Ageing And Age-related Neurocognitive Disorders
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$940,960.00
Summary
Ageing is associated with cognitive decline and dementia. It is still not completely understood what relative contributions genes and environment play in these. This project is an extension of the Older Australian Twins Study to examine genetic and environmental factors associated with late life brain changes and dementia, and will establish an internationally significant cohort for novel discovery.
Investigations Of Strategies To Address The Long Term Maintenance Of Bone Density In Younger Women: Fracture Risk Feedback And Vitamin D.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$223,155.00
Summary
Fractures in the elderly are an important health problem. We previously studied 470 young women, informing them of their level of fracture risk and providing osteoporosis education. Women at higher risk more often started calcium supplements, increased physical activity, and had higher bone density after 2 years than those at low risk. We will test the same women after 11 years to see if these improvements persist and so might reduce fractures in old age. We will also assess the effects of vitam ....Fractures in the elderly are an important health problem. We previously studied 470 young women, informing them of their level of fracture risk and providing osteoporosis education. Women at higher risk more often started calcium supplements, increased physical activity, and had higher bone density after 2 years than those at low risk. We will test the same women after 11 years to see if these improvements persist and so might reduce fractures in old age. We will also assess the effects of vitamin D on bone health in these women.Read moreRead less
Through this project, I will determine how diet and physical activity can improve the health and quality of life of people suffering from chronic kidney disease. I will also assess whether lifestyle interventions have the potential to prevent chronic kidney disease. My results will directly impact the lives of people with kidney disease and could lead to public health interventions to prevent kidney disease.
Metabolic And Hormonal Pathways In Gynecological Cancer - Epidemiological Studies Of Risk And Survival
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$288,275.00
Summary
Metabolic and hormonal factors probably play a role in a womans chance of developing and surviving gynecological cancer, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. This project will use questionnaire information, blood and tumour samples of over 5,000 Australian women to examine the mechanisms leading to cancer development and survival among women with uterine and ovarian cancer, the two commonest female reproductive cancers. Results will help plan primary prevention strategies and care.
Genetic And Environmental Epidemiology Of Early-onset Melanoma In The Australian Melanoma Family Study
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$412,210.00
Summary
This project will investigate the genetic and environmental causes of melanoma, especially melanoma developing under the age of 40 in Australian families. This project will help to identify which people are at greatest risk of developing melanoma, by identifying the genes involved in melanoma development and the contribution of environmental and lifestyle factors to the disease. We will also determine how much hereditary factors contribute to melanoma risk.
Collaborative Ovarian, Prostate And Breast Gene-environment Study (COGS)
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$447,383.00
Summary
The EU-COGS application has arisen from genome wide scans that identify common genetic variants associated with breast, ovarian and prostate cancer risk. Our studies contributed 50% of DNA samples to the prostate cancer genome wide scan. COGS will now measure these variants in a large number of cases and controls from an international consortium of studies to test whether genetic risks are modified by other genes or lifestyle factors. This will better define genetic risks and identify men at inc ....The EU-COGS application has arisen from genome wide scans that identify common genetic variants associated with breast, ovarian and prostate cancer risk. Our studies contributed 50% of DNA samples to the prostate cancer genome wide scan. COGS will now measure these variants in a large number of cases and controls from an international consortium of studies to test whether genetic risks are modified by other genes or lifestyle factors. This will better define genetic risks and identify men at increased risk who should be the focus of appropriate screening and prevention strategies. Australian participation in the prostate cancer genome wide scan helped to identify a number of genetic variants associated with prostate cancer risk. The aim of EU-COGS, which needs large numbers of samples with epidemiological, tumour pathology and clinical information, is to determine whether these genetic variants act singly or together and the extent to which lifestyle and environmental factors can modify the genetic risk. Our contribution of >10% of the total DNA samples to COGS will enable us to understand how such genetic risks can be modified in the Australian environmental context.Read moreRead less
Prospective Imaging Study Of Ageing: Genes, Brain & Behaviour
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$6,465,047.00
Summary
While the burden of dementia in Australia occurs late in life, the underlying brain disease accumulates for decades prior to dementia onset. Disease modifying interventions have the greatest potential to avert later disease burden if introduced during this crucial window, well before the onset of clear cognitive decline. To reduce Australia's future dementia burden, it is thus imperative to identify those Australians at risk of dementia whilst they are still relatively young.
Reducing The Burden Of Physical Inactivity And Excessive Sedentary Behaviour Through FIT (Feasible, Inclusive, Thorough) Guidelines
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$2,060,520.00
Summary
Public health guidelines concentrate on the least feasible (for the average adult) types of physical activity and place little emphasis on light intensity movement or sitting. My research program will inform future FIT (Feasible, Inclusive, Thorough) guidelines to assist policymakers, health professionals, and members of the public to improve healthy lifestyles in Australia.
The Impact Of The Environment And Pollution On Cognitive Health (EPOCH): Building The Knowledge Base Through International Collaboration
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$681,240.00
Summary
Neighbourhood environments can impact on the health of their residents. However, not much is known about their effects on cognitive decline in late life. This project will link environmental data to existing studies on ageing to examine how the neighbourhood built environment (e.g., access to services), natural environment, air pollution and noise may impact on cognitive decline and the risk of dementia in older adults and whether these effects differ in the United Kingdom and Australia.
To Investigate The Health Benefits Gained Through Employment In Land And Sea Management Ventures.
Funder
National Health and Medical Research Council
Funding Amount
$71,003.00
Summary
Indigenous people have extensive knowledge of sustainable land and sea management. We hypothesise that there are greater health benefits gained through employment in land and sea management ventures, and their families, than employment which does not utilise traditional knowledge. This study will give qualitative and quantitative feedback of ground level application of this relatively new employment venture and recognition of the wealth of Indigenous knowledge.