Genetic regulation of avian sex determination. This project aims to enhance our understanding of gonadal sex determination (testis versus ovary development), using innovative genetic approaches that exploit the avian embryo as a model system. The project aims to define the key molecular events regulating gonadal sex determination in birds. It intends to enhance knowledge in the area of cell biology, embryology, and sex determination specifically. Importantly, it will have application to the poul ....Genetic regulation of avian sex determination. This project aims to enhance our understanding of gonadal sex determination (testis versus ovary development), using innovative genetic approaches that exploit the avian embryo as a model system. The project aims to define the key molecular events regulating gonadal sex determination in birds. It intends to enhance knowledge in the area of cell biology, embryology, and sex determination specifically. Importantly, it will have application to the poultry industry. Currently, half of all hatchlings (the undesired sex) are culled. The proposed project intends to illuminate those genetic pathways that can be targeted to produce single-sex lines of birds, a major goal of the multi-billion dollar Australian and global poultry industries.Read moreRead less
Molecular and cellular regulation of ovarian development. This project aims to understand cell fate decisions during ovarian development. While scientists understand the decision to differentiate into a male-specific cell type, they do not understand differentiation into female-specific cell types. This team has identified marker genes that distinguish between different female cell types in the developing ovary, and will analyse the molecular and cellular mechanisms that drive the development of ....Molecular and cellular regulation of ovarian development. This project aims to understand cell fate decisions during ovarian development. While scientists understand the decision to differentiate into a male-specific cell type, they do not understand differentiation into female-specific cell types. This team has identified marker genes that distinguish between different female cell types in the developing ovary, and will analyse the molecular and cellular mechanisms that drive the development of the ovary. This could provide a deeper understanding of how genes influence cell fate decisions during embryogenesis, and the technologies developed here will be widely applicable in biotechnological research.Read moreRead less
Investigating a novel factor impacting stem cell development. This project aims to investigate how stem cells are controlled during animal development, by exploring how a specific protein, essential for embryonic development, controls cell fate decisions during the early stages of life. This project expects to generate new knowledge in stem cell biology, embryonic development, and general mechanisms controlling cell fates, using innovative approaches in gene editing and high-throughput imaging. ....Investigating a novel factor impacting stem cell development. This project aims to investigate how stem cells are controlled during animal development, by exploring how a specific protein, essential for embryonic development, controls cell fate decisions during the early stages of life. This project expects to generate new knowledge in stem cell biology, embryonic development, and general mechanisms controlling cell fates, using innovative approaches in gene editing and high-throughput imaging. Expected outcomes of this project include enhanced capacity for fundamental stem cell biology in Australia. This should provide significant benefits, such as training of young Australian researchers in frontier technologies, and new knowledge in fundamental aspects of life, including embryonic development.Read moreRead less
Ancestral, conserved and novel mechanisms in marsupial genomic imprinting. Genomic imprinting is the differential expression pattern of some genes depending on whether the gene copy came from the mother or the father. This differential expression is essential for embryonic development and errors lead to disease. To date, most of our knowledge of the control of genomic imprinting comes from the mouse, but much less is known about this process in marsupials. Our comparative approach, using marsupi ....Ancestral, conserved and novel mechanisms in marsupial genomic imprinting. Genomic imprinting is the differential expression pattern of some genes depending on whether the gene copy came from the mother or the father. This differential expression is essential for embryonic development and errors lead to disease. To date, most of our knowledge of the control of genomic imprinting comes from the mouse, but much less is known about this process in marsupials. Our comparative approach, using marsupial mammals that are distantly related to mice and humans, aims to clarify how genomic imprinting mechanisms have evolved, which patterns are conserved across mammals, and which vary. Our proposed research aims to provide new approaches and understanding of this fundamental process essential for the continuation of life.
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Investigating spermatogonial stem cell allocation in the fetal testis. This project aims to determine when and how spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are specified, and whether a genetic pathway that is used by in vitro stem cells is also employed, in vivo, by testicular stem cells. The project aims to deliver insight into the mechanisms of adult stem cell specification and regulation, in general. Intended practical outcomes of this work will underpin new methods for fertility management in animal ....Investigating spermatogonial stem cell allocation in the fetal testis. This project aims to determine when and how spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are specified, and whether a genetic pathway that is used by in vitro stem cells is also employed, in vivo, by testicular stem cells. The project aims to deliver insight into the mechanisms of adult stem cell specification and regulation, in general. Intended practical outcomes of this work will underpin new methods for fertility management in animals (in agriculture and conservation of endangered species) and humans. Knowledge gained will inform our understanding of stem cell biology more broadly and guide efforts to treat infertility or control fertility in animals and humans.Read moreRead less
Chicken and ChIPs; genetic control of avian gonadal development. This project aims to improve our understanding of gonad formation at the genetic level, using unique approaches that exploit the chicken embryo as a model system. Gonad formation during embryonic life provides an excellent model for studying the genetic control of development. The project plans to use innovative methods to study novel and known gonad-determining genes. The project seeks to make a substantial contribution to our und ....Chicken and ChIPs; genetic control of avian gonadal development. This project aims to improve our understanding of gonad formation at the genetic level, using unique approaches that exploit the chicken embryo as a model system. Gonad formation during embryonic life provides an excellent model for studying the genetic control of development. The project plans to use innovative methods to study novel and known gonad-determining genes. The project seeks to make a substantial contribution to our understanding of cell fate decisions, sex determination and gonad development. It also potentially has application to the poultry industry by illuminating those genes and pathways that can be targeted to modulate sex determination in chickens, which is a goal of the industry.Read moreRead less
Reprogramming maternal and paternal genomes during development: new perspectives from marsupials. This project will use marsupials to examine programming of the germ cell lineage (cells that become eggs and sperm) and the evolution of these mechanisms that control their development. Using the unique features of our Australian native animals, this research will contribute to the understanding of the transmission of life.
Towards a new understanding of the reproductive system. The proposed analysis of the reproductive system will provide important new knowledge of gene regulation driving organ development. The insights and technologies developed in this program will be widely applicable in biotechnological and pharmacogenomic research in Australia and worldwide, and assert Australia's leadership in this area of research.
Evolution and function of sex chromosomes and genes in mammalian reproduction. This project will ensure Australian leadership in research of reproductive biology and genomics in platypus and echidna. As our most distant relatives, these iconic species provide an understanding of human genes contributing to medical conditions involved in sexual development, infertility and ovarian cancer.
Controlling cell polarity and asymmetric cell division in space and time. This project seeks to increase our understanding of how cells divide. Asymmetric cell division is a specialised form of cell division essential for the development of all organisms. The two meiotic divisions of the oocyte are extreme examples of asymmetric cell division that allow a reduction in chromosome content while retaining cytoplasmic vestments necessary for development. Successful asymmetric cell division requires ....Controlling cell polarity and asymmetric cell division in space and time. This project seeks to increase our understanding of how cells divide. Asymmetric cell division is a specialised form of cell division essential for the development of all organisms. The two meiotic divisions of the oocyte are extreme examples of asymmetric cell division that allow a reduction in chromosome content while retaining cytoplasmic vestments necessary for development. Successful asymmetric cell division requires the integration of cell cycle events with cell polarity. Understanding how this is achieved would improve our understanding of how to generate a healthy embryo in women, endangered species and in animals of commercial importance.Read moreRead less