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Spatio-Temporal Statistics and its Application to Remote Sensing. By their very nature, environmental processes involve strong spatial and temporal variability. Inferring cause-effect relationships requires the incorporation of spatial and temporal dependence in the statistical models. The aims of this project are to develop mass-balanced hierarchical spatio-temporal statistical models, new loss functions that are relevant to multivariate processes, and optimal estimators obtained from the hiera ....Spatio-Temporal Statistics and its Application to Remote Sensing. By their very nature, environmental processes involve strong spatial and temporal variability. Inferring cause-effect relationships requires the incorporation of spatial and temporal dependence in the statistical models. The aims of this project are to develop mass-balanced hierarchical spatio-temporal statistical models, new loss functions that are relevant to multivariate processes, and optimal estimators obtained from the hierarchical model's predictive distribution. These methodologies are intended to be applied to the estimation of near-surface fluxes of atmospheric carbon dioxide, using massive remote sensing datasets from satellites and other data sources.Read moreRead less
Revealing the microbial process of iron-driven anaerobic ammonium oxidation. This project aims to gain fundamental understanding of the recently discovered microbially-facilitated process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation that is coupled to iron reduction. This process (called Feammox) is suggested to be responsible for significant nitrogen loss from soil and sediment ecosystems, resulting in pollution of the atmosphere and our water systems. In the project, the Feammox microorganisms will be enri ....Revealing the microbial process of iron-driven anaerobic ammonium oxidation. This project aims to gain fundamental understanding of the recently discovered microbially-facilitated process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation that is coupled to iron reduction. This process (called Feammox) is suggested to be responsible for significant nitrogen loss from soil and sediment ecosystems, resulting in pollution of the atmosphere and our water systems. In the project, the Feammox microorganisms will be enriched and characterised to reveal the metabolic details of the iron reduction and ammonium oxidation pathways. This will improve understanding of ecosystem nitrogen flux and benefit the management of nitrogen fertilizers used to meet the food and energy requirements of the world’s growing populations.Read moreRead less
Biomagnification of the biotoxin BMAA in the environment. Using unique models and technics, the project aims to demonstrate that long-term exposure to the blue green algae toxin β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) leads to uptake, accumulation and toxicity within the central nervous system. The risks for heath, mechanisms of contamination and toxicity of BMAA are very poorly understood. Algal blooms cost the Australian community more than $250 million each year and represent a major health issue fo ....Biomagnification of the biotoxin BMAA in the environment. Using unique models and technics, the project aims to demonstrate that long-term exposure to the blue green algae toxin β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) leads to uptake, accumulation and toxicity within the central nervous system. The risks for heath, mechanisms of contamination and toxicity of BMAA are very poorly understood. Algal blooms cost the Australian community more than $250 million each year and represent a major health issue for human and fauna. This project aims to be the first to fully characterise BMAA mechanisms of contamination and neurotoxicity and to highlight the major environmental risk of exposure of human to BMAA. It also aims to develop new and unique detection and quantification tools for BMAA.Read moreRead less
Establishing a missing link between the global nitrogen and carbon cycles - anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification. Methane is a strong greenhouse gas and currently accounts for 20 per cent of the total radioactive forcing in the atmosphere. This project investigates a previously unrecognized microbial process that oxidizes methane before it reaches the atmosphere. The project will deliver knowledge support to sustainable environmental management.
Atmospheric emissions of toxic trace metals and volatiles during thermal processing of iron ores. The project will investigate the contribution of iron ore to the composition, chemistry and mechanism of transformation of atmospheric volatile emissions and vapour trace elements during thermal processing with the aim to strengthen the environmental performance and efficiency of the ironmaking process.
Hot stage separation of non-ferrous fraction during iron ore reduction. The project aims to provide in-situ investigation of the behaviour and properties of the non-ferrous fraction in iron ore during reduction. The results aim to allow industry to: improve the quality of the final metallic iron product; economically separate and recover high-value non-ferrous impurities in the iron ore; reduce waste generated by ironmaking; and enable utilisation of, and add value to, iron ores that currently a ....Hot stage separation of non-ferrous fraction during iron ore reduction. The project aims to provide in-situ investigation of the behaviour and properties of the non-ferrous fraction in iron ore during reduction. The results aim to allow industry to: improve the quality of the final metallic iron product; economically separate and recover high-value non-ferrous impurities in the iron ore; reduce waste generated by ironmaking; and enable utilisation of, and add value to, iron ores that currently are not commercially viable due to their high impurity levels and low iron contents. The project aims to help expand the mining potential of the currently unviable iron ore deposits and enable industry to maintain the economic benefits from iron ore production in the years to come.Read moreRead less
Do cable bacteria reduce nitrogen removal in seasonally anoxic estuaries? The discovery of 'cable bacteria', which can couple redox half reactions centimetres distant from one another by transporting electrons along their filaments, has fundamentally changed the way we view sediment biogeochemistry. This project will investigate the interaction between 'cable bacteria' and enhanced nitrogen recycling in seasonally anoxic estuaries. This project will help improve understanding of how nitrogen is ....Do cable bacteria reduce nitrogen removal in seasonally anoxic estuaries? The discovery of 'cable bacteria', which can couple redox half reactions centimetres distant from one another by transporting electrons along their filaments, has fundamentally changed the way we view sediment biogeochemistry. This project will investigate the interaction between 'cable bacteria' and enhanced nitrogen recycling in seasonally anoxic estuaries. This project will help improve understanding of how nitrogen is retained in seasonally anoxic estuaries which is essential to combatting the problem of eutrophication. In addition the fundamental new understanding of the ecology and biogeochemical processes mediated by 'cable bacteria', may lead to future applications in waste water treatment.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE160100628
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$368,394.00
Summary
Dissolved organic carbon quality influences metal toxicity in freshwaters. This project aims to characterise the types of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) found within Australian freshwaters and investigate how these influence metal toxicity to organisms. DOC has the ability to decrease the toxicity of metals to organisms in natural waters, and the intensity of the decrease is related to the type of DOC. Information regarding the types of DOC commonly found within Australian waters is lacking, and ....Dissolved organic carbon quality influences metal toxicity in freshwaters. This project aims to characterise the types of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) found within Australian freshwaters and investigate how these influence metal toxicity to organisms. DOC has the ability to decrease the toxicity of metals to organisms in natural waters, and the intensity of the decrease is related to the type of DOC. Information regarding the types of DOC commonly found within Australian waters is lacking, and their impact on metal toxicity to Australian biota is unknown. This project aims to characterise DOC from different Australian ecoregions and investigate the influence of different DOCs on metal toxicity. The expected outcomes are better predictive toxicity models and better assessment of risks associated with metal contamination.Read moreRead less
Iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane process. This project aims to investigate the microbial process of iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane. This process may be pervasive in Earth's aquatic systems, and possibly a major methane sink. This project will identify the organisms mediating this reaction, elucidate their metabolic pathways and characterise their ecophysiological properties. This project is expected to understand how this process regulates the atmospheric concentratio ....Iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane process. This project aims to investigate the microbial process of iron-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane. This process may be pervasive in Earth's aquatic systems, and possibly a major methane sink. This project will identify the organisms mediating this reaction, elucidate their metabolic pathways and characterise their ecophysiological properties. This project is expected to understand how this process regulates the atmospheric concentration of methane and more reliably predict global methane emissions in a changing climate. By addressing this key knowledge gap, this project will enhance our ability to predict global methane emissions in a changing climate.Read moreRead less