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The role of context in the acquisition, extinction and reinstatement of fear. Behavioural studies have identified a role for context in the development, extinction and reactivation of fear memories. Although there has been significant progress in delineating the neural pathways for fear conditioning, less is known about the substrates that represent the context of conditioning. This project studies the neural substrates of the processes by which context controls the acquisition, extinction and r ....The role of context in the acquisition, extinction and reinstatement of fear. Behavioural studies have identified a role for context in the development, extinction and reactivation of fear memories. Although there has been significant progress in delineating the neural pathways for fear conditioning, less is known about the substrates that represent the context of conditioning. This project studies the neural substrates of the processes by which context controls the acquisition, extinction and reactivation of fear memories. Specifically, it examines the role of information flow between the dorsal subiculum and the accumbens nucleus in the processes by which rats learn about environmental context and the control exerted by such contexts on fear memories.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0560916
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$323,400.00
Summary
Magnetic resonance in humans: Equipment for neuroscience studies. The structure, function and biochemistry of the human brain can now be assessed non-invasively using magnetic resonance (MR) techniques. A 3 Tesla MR facility with half its time available for research has recently been established at POWMRI. This application seeks state-of-the-art equipment so that the facility can optimise its research potential and enhance its scientific output. Research is directed to understanding how the nor ....Magnetic resonance in humans: Equipment for neuroscience studies. The structure, function and biochemistry of the human brain can now be assessed non-invasively using magnetic resonance (MR) techniques. A 3 Tesla MR facility with half its time available for research has recently been established at POWMRI. This application seeks state-of-the-art equipment so that the facility can optimise its research potential and enhance its scientific output. Research is directed to understanding how the normal brain functions, how deficits in function develop, and how the function and structure of the brain change with age. This grant will help establish an internationally-competitive, broadly-based facility which is dedicated to understanding the human brain.Read moreRead less
The ageing brain: plasticity and training. This project will investigate how the capacity of a person's brain for reorganisation (plasticity) influences cognitive and motor function and training benefits in older adults. The findings will support new training initiatives to promote brain health and well-being across the lifespan.
Long-term memory systems and the human brain. Impairment of memory is a ubiquitous feature of human brain disease. A better understanding of memory processing in the brain is key to the development of better tests for the detection and monitoring of disease progression as well as the application of improved methods of rehabilitation for patients with acquired brain injury. This project will provide the catalyst for the development of a National Memory Disorders Research Centre that would be the ....Long-term memory systems and the human brain. Impairment of memory is a ubiquitous feature of human brain disease. A better understanding of memory processing in the brain is key to the development of better tests for the detection and monitoring of disease progression as well as the application of improved methods of rehabilitation for patients with acquired brain injury. This project will provide the catalyst for the development of a National Memory Disorders Research Centre that would be the focus for multidisciplinary cognitive neuroscience research. The ultimate aim would be the translation of basic neuroscience into effective tools that will impact the health outcome of the ageing population.Read moreRead less
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award - Grant ID: DE140100588
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$395,220.00
Summary
Gene-environment interactions in the regulation of neuroplasticity and cognitive function . This project will study the effects of different housing conditions on neuroplasticity-related cognitive function by combining an innovative operant conditioning behavioural test (computerised touch-screen technology) and new molecular approaches. Potential gene-environment interactions will be revealed using genetically targeted mice which have never been assessed in that context (mutants with altered gl ....Gene-environment interactions in the regulation of neuroplasticity and cognitive function . This project will study the effects of different housing conditions on neuroplasticity-related cognitive function by combining an innovative operant conditioning behavioural test (computerised touch-screen technology) and new molecular approaches. Potential gene-environment interactions will be revealed using genetically targeted mice which have never been assessed in that context (mutants with altered glucocorticoid and serotonin signalling). This project will study whether specific stages of the neuroplasticity process are differentially modulated through gene-environment interactions, ultimately resulting in changes to behaviour and cognitive functions. This will lead to a better understanding of the potential approaches that could be used to improve cognitive function.Read moreRead less
Are there common mechanisms for the inhibition of fear? Disorders of fear and anxiety affect up to 28% of Australians across their lives. This project studies how the brain inhibits fear and anxiety. It has four National Benefits. First, the knowledge generated by this project will contribute to coherent theoretical accounts of fear inhibition. Second, it will increase Australia's competitiveness and reputation in experimental psychology and behavioural neuroscience. Third, it will provide novel ....Are there common mechanisms for the inhibition of fear? Disorders of fear and anxiety affect up to 28% of Australians across their lives. This project studies how the brain inhibits fear and anxiety. It has four National Benefits. First, the knowledge generated by this project will contribute to coherent theoretical accounts of fear inhibition. Second, it will increase Australia's competitiveness and reputation in experimental psychology and behavioural neuroscience. Third, it will provide novel insights into ways of reducing anxiety and fear among sufferers of clinical anxiety disorders. Finally, it will provide internationally competitive training opportunities for Australian students.
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The development of the social brain in early childhood. This project aims to understand how the human brain develops social and emotional understanding. The brain has remarkable abilities for understanding our social environment, such as inferring other people’s thoughts and feelings. This project will use neuroscience techniques to investigate how brain networks combine to produce social understanding, how this changes throughout child development, and how it relates to complex social behaviour ....The development of the social brain in early childhood. This project aims to understand how the human brain develops social and emotional understanding. The brain has remarkable abilities for understanding our social environment, such as inferring other people’s thoughts and feelings. This project will use neuroscience techniques to investigate how brain networks combine to produce social understanding, how this changes throughout child development, and how it relates to complex social behaviours. This project’s findings could be used to develop educational programmes that enhance empathy and co-operation, strengthen family relationships, promote social inclusion and reduce maladaptive behaviours. It could also guide intervention in brain disorders that affect social understanding.Read moreRead less
Imaging supra- versus sub-threshold perception: Towards a neural 'signature' of conscious experience. This is the first study to combine spatial and temporal brain measures to test the prediction that 'conscious' (versus 'unconscious') emotion perception is distinguished by responses in cortical brain regions, and by later peaks in integrative brain activity. Two additional innovative features include the simultaneous measurement of arousal (as an independent index of responses to emotion, regar ....Imaging supra- versus sub-threshold perception: Towards a neural 'signature' of conscious experience. This is the first study to combine spatial and temporal brain measures to test the prediction that 'conscious' (versus 'unconscious') emotion perception is distinguished by responses in cortical brain regions, and by later peaks in integrative brain activity. Two additional innovative features include the simultaneous measurement of arousal (as an independent index of responses to emotion, regardless of conscious awareness), and the use of psychophysical methods to establish objective thresholds for 'unconscious' and 'conscious' perception. Elucidating the neural basis of conscious emotion perception is important to understanding the mechanisms of unique human experience, and disorders of stress and anxiety.Read moreRead less
Models of adolescent drug use and its consequences. Recent concerns surround the impact of drug abuse - particularly binge drinking, inhalant abuse and cannabis use - on the mental health of adolescents. Early drug use is associated with mental health problems although the mechanisms involved are not well characterised. The present proposal aims to use animal models to characterise substance abuse that occurs during the adolescent period and to investigate its effects on brain and behaviour. Inc ....Models of adolescent drug use and its consequences. Recent concerns surround the impact of drug abuse - particularly binge drinking, inhalant abuse and cannabis use - on the mental health of adolescents. Early drug use is associated with mental health problems although the mechanisms involved are not well characterised. The present proposal aims to use animal models to characterise substance abuse that occurs during the adolescent period and to investigate its effects on brain and behaviour. Increasing our knowledge of the causes and consequences of adolescent drug abuse will improve Australia's ability to confront this problem and to develop early interventions and treatments that minimise associated harms.Read moreRead less
Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE180100012
Funder
Australian Research Council
Funding Amount
$414,570.00
Summary
All-optical manipulation and recording of neural circuit activity. This project aims to establish all-optical approaches to image and manipulate neural function at single cell resolution in the awake, freely moving animal. The project will help build a 'cells to systems' understanding of neural circuit function and aid in understanding neural circuit dysregulation in brain disorders. This will enable new, fundamental knowledge creation about brain function, and lay a basic science platform for t ....All-optical manipulation and recording of neural circuit activity. This project aims to establish all-optical approaches to image and manipulate neural function at single cell resolution in the awake, freely moving animal. The project will help build a 'cells to systems' understanding of neural circuit function and aid in understanding neural circuit dysregulation in brain disorders. This will enable new, fundamental knowledge creation about brain function, and lay a basic science platform for the next generation of understanding of brain disorders, critical to reducing their economic burden.Read moreRead less