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Multiple atomic photoionization in superstrong electromagnetic field. Correlation, or entanglement, of electrons in matter governs many important phenomena in nature, such as chemical reactions, superconductivity and ferromagnetism. However, it is the many-electron processes in atoms which allow the study of electron correlations most clearly. In this project we will investigate such a process of two-electron atomic photoionization by an intense laser pulse. We will combine advanced theoretical ....Multiple atomic photoionization in superstrong electromagnetic field. Correlation, or entanglement, of electrons in matter governs many important phenomena in nature, such as chemical reactions, superconductivity and ferromagnetism. However, it is the many-electron processes in atoms which allow the study of electron correlations most clearly. In this project we will investigate such a process of two-electron atomic photoionization by an intense laser pulse. We will combine advanced theoretical and experimental tools with the aim of understanding how the electron correlation interplays with the superstrong electromagnetic field. This will provide insight into fundamental processes of interaction of intense laser pulses with matter which are important in a wide range of applications.Read moreRead less
Quantum Photonics with continuous laser beams - travel award. Quantum information and communication is a new paradigm in information technology which utilises quantum physics to improve current limitations in speed, security and fidelity of information transmission and processing, extending the present Electronics and Photonics devices. Future applications will include teleportation, cryptography and ultimately quantum computation. We propose to investigate these applications using continuous (C ....Quantum Photonics with continuous laser beams - travel award. Quantum information and communication is a new paradigm in information technology which utilises quantum physics to improve current limitations in speed, security and fidelity of information transmission and processing, extending the present Electronics and Photonics devices. Future applications will include teleportation, cryptography and ultimately quantum computation. We propose to investigate these applications using continuous (CW) laser beams and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) quantum entanglement, which is generated via a pair of optical parametric oscillators. The advantage of CW over the established single photon technology is better detection efficiency, wider data bandwidth and a compatibility with existing photonics technology.Read moreRead less
New frontiers in statistical mechanics. The chiral Potts model has been introduced in 1981 as a model for commensurate-incommensurate phase transitions in a layer of atoms or molecules adsorbed to a solid surface. If the adsorbed atoms all fit to holes between the surface atoms, the added layer is frozen, commensurate with the surface. If the added atoms are unable to fit holes, the added layer is no longer commensurate with the surface and could be in a floating state. A deeper understanding of ....New frontiers in statistical mechanics. The chiral Potts model has been introduced in 1981 as a model for commensurate-incommensurate phase transitions in a layer of atoms or molecules adsorbed to a solid surface. If the adsorbed atoms all fit to holes between the surface atoms, the added layer is frozen, commensurate with the surface. If the added atoms are unable to fit holes, the added layer is no longer commensurate with the surface and could be in a floating state. A deeper understanding of this and similar phenomena in layered systems has nanotechnological implications. This may affect the design of new small electronic devices or could apply to small biological systems and the development of new medicines. The project will surely lead to new applicable mathematics.Read moreRead less
Low-order dynamical models for non-linear fluid behaviour in quasi two-dimensional plasmas. Two complex systems in which a magnetic field imposes two-dimensional fluid motions are turbulent fusion plasmas and magnetospheric plasmas. A distinctive property of 2D flows is the inverse energy cascade, whereby energy streaming into large-scale vortices, coherent structures, or sheared flows gives a remarkable propensity for self-organizing behaviour. This can be exploited to govern or guide our respo ....Low-order dynamical models for non-linear fluid behaviour in quasi two-dimensional plasmas. Two complex systems in which a magnetic field imposes two-dimensional fluid motions are turbulent fusion plasmas and magnetospheric plasmas. A distinctive property of 2D flows is the inverse energy cascade, whereby energy streaming into large-scale vortices, coherent structures, or sheared flows gives a remarkable propensity for self-organizing behaviour. This can be exploited to govern or guide our response to such systems. We propose to investigate the dynamics of momentum and energy exchange in these plasmas, using reduced dynamical models and bifurcation and stability mathematics. Expected outcomes are improved prediction of magnetospheric substorms and confinement of fusion plasmas.
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Positron processes - From Basic to Applied Science. Australian scientists are at the forefront of international activities in atomic and molecular physics and materials science research. This program will expand the level of expertise in an emerging field that has importance in both these areas - the use of positron beams. Australia is developing a new and exciting capacity for positron research through the National Positron Beamline Facility. Scientists in this collaboration will work with o ....Positron processes - From Basic to Applied Science. Australian scientists are at the forefront of international activities in atomic and molecular physics and materials science research. This program will expand the level of expertise in an emerging field that has importance in both these areas - the use of positron beams. Australia is developing a new and exciting capacity for positron research through the National Positron Beamline Facility. Scientists in this collaboration will work with other outstanding, international research groups in the field of positron studies to stimulate new directions for their research. The international links, and the novel capabilities of the new Australian Facility, will enable our researchers to fully exploit this new field of research.Read moreRead less
The White Dwarf Luminosity Function and the History of Star Formation in the Galaxy. The numbers of white dwarfs at different brightnesses and colours maps out a continuous record of the star formation history of the Milky Way. Our program seeks to unravel that history using white dwarfs discovered with the SkyMapper Survey and thereby understand how our Milky Way galaxy and other galaxies evolved the form and mixture of sub-structures that we see today. These results will be widely disseminated ....The White Dwarf Luminosity Function and the History of Star Formation in the Galaxy. The numbers of white dwarfs at different brightnesses and colours maps out a continuous record of the star formation history of the Milky Way. Our program seeks to unravel that history using white dwarfs discovered with the SkyMapper Survey and thereby understand how our Milky Way galaxy and other galaxies evolved the form and mixture of sub-structures that we see today. These results will be widely disseminated stimulating interest in the natural sciences amongst the general public and the nation's youth. We will train young researchers in cutting edge science, enhancing skills in data analysis, stellar atmosphere and interior computations and problem solving. Read moreRead less
Boron nitride nanotubes for tunable conductivity. The proposed research in nanotubes falls into the national research priority areas of advanced materials and breakthrough science. This ANU research group has a leading role in Boron Nitride (BN) nanotube research internationally. The proposed collaborative research will enhance this position and further improve the nation's research profile in nanotechnology. New intellectual properties will be generated if the project is successful, which wi ....Boron nitride nanotubes for tunable conductivity. The proposed research in nanotubes falls into the national research priority areas of advanced materials and breakthrough science. This ANU research group has a leading role in Boron Nitride (BN) nanotube research internationally. The proposed collaborative research will enhance this position and further improve the nation's research profile in nanotechnology. New intellectual properties will be generated if the project is successful, which will benefit the commercialization activity of BN nanotubes at ANU. New PhD and undergraduate students will be trained by the proposed cutting edge research project.Read moreRead less
The Early Epochs of the Milky Way Galaxy. By determining the chemical compositions and space velocities of the oldest stars in our Milky Way Galaxy, our program seeks to understand the first objects in the Universe and the manner in which the Galaxy formed. Our team will utilize a program that is observing 250,000 Milky Way stars and seek access to the world's largest telescopes to a monetary value of several million dollars - stimulating interest in the natural sciences among the general public ....The Early Epochs of the Milky Way Galaxy. By determining the chemical compositions and space velocities of the oldest stars in our Milky Way Galaxy, our program seeks to understand the first objects in the Universe and the manner in which the Galaxy formed. Our team will utilize a program that is observing 250,000 Milky Way stars and seek access to the world's largest telescopes to a monetary value of several million dollars - stimulating interest in the natural sciences among the general public and the nation's youth. It will train young researchers in cutting-edge science, enhancing skills in data analysis, problem solving, project management, and effective communications.Read moreRead less
Slow-light photonics. This project will introduce and demonstrate novel concepts for the manipulation of optical signals in ultra-compact photonics devices, making an essential step towards fast all-optical switching and processing of data streams. These developments underpin the next generation of high-performance networks, promising to revolutionize global communications. This project will keep Australia at the forefront of international research and provide training of students on breakthroug ....Slow-light photonics. This project will introduce and demonstrate novel concepts for the manipulation of optical signals in ultra-compact photonics devices, making an essential step towards fast all-optical switching and processing of data streams. These developments underpin the next generation of high-performance networks, promising to revolutionize global communications. This project will keep Australia at the forefront of international research and provide training of students on breakthrough applications of photonics and nanotechnology, contributing to the uptake of frontier technologies by Australian industries for successful operation in a competitive global environment.Read moreRead less
The standard quantum limit and beyond collaboration. Achievement of a limit never before reached in measuring the position of a macroscopic object will produce a new world record for Australia, breaking that limit is akin to breaking the 4 minute mile - a feat previously thought impossible. Not only will this create national pride in our ability to innovate, but the optical technology developed with the opening of the new field of sub-quantum interferometry has the potential to generate tangibl ....The standard quantum limit and beyond collaboration. Achievement of a limit never before reached in measuring the position of a macroscopic object will produce a new world record for Australia, breaking that limit is akin to breaking the 4 minute mile - a feat previously thought impossible. Not only will this create national pride in our ability to innovate, but the optical technology developed with the opening of the new field of sub-quantum interferometry has the potential to generate tangible benefits for Australian industry. This proposal will produce scientists highly trained in technologies related to emerging industries such as photonics.Read moreRead less