Kate Trinajstic

Frasnian reef evolution and palaeogeography, SE Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Australia

Publisher: Geological Society of London

Date: 2009

DOI: 10.1144/SP314.4

Fossil musculature of the most primitive jawed vertebrates

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Date: 12-07-2013

DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.1237275

Abstract: The earliest vertebrates were jawless. Past reconstructions have assumed that the primitive jawed condition was much like that found in sharks. Trinajstic et al. (p. 160 , published online 13 June see the Perspective by Kuratani ) describe fossil musculature from the early jawed placoderms (an extinct class of armored prehistoric fish) that show that the basal structure was distinct from that found in sharks, having a notable dermal joint between the skull and shoulder girdle.

Assessing the fidelity of marine vertebrate microfossil δ18O signatures and their potential for palaeo-ecological and -climatic reconstructions

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1016/J.PALAEO.2016.10.018

First acanthodian from the Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Gogo Formation, Western Australia

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 08-2012

DOI: 10.1080/08912963.2012.660150

Placoderm Life Histories

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Date: 05-10-2018

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1162-1

Development of the Synarcual in the Elephant Sharks (Holocephali; Chondrichthyes): Implications for Vertebral Formation and Fusion

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 04-09-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0135138

NEW MORPHOLOGICAL INFORMATION ON THE PTYCTODONTID FISHES (PLACODERMI, PTYCTODONTIDA) FROM WESTERN AUSTRALIA

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 26-06-2012

DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2012.661379

First Shark from the Late Devonian (Frasnian) Gogo Formation, Western Australia Sheds New Light on the Development of Tessellated Calcified Cartilage

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 28-05-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0126066

Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization in vertebrates

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-2009

DOI: 10.1038/NATURE07732

Abstract: Evidence of reproductive biology is extremely rare in the fossil record. Recently the first known embryos were discovered within the Placodermi, an extinct class of armoured fish, indicating a viviparous mode of reproduction in a vertebrate group outside the crown-group Gnathostomata (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes). These embryos were found in ptyctodontids, a small group of placoderms phylogenetically basal to the largest group, the Arthrodira. Here we report the discovery of embryos in the Arthrodira inside specimens of Incisoscutum ritchiei from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia (approximately 380 million years ago), providing the first evidence, to our knowledge, for reproduction using internal fertilization in this erse group. We show that Incisoscutum and some phyllolepid arthrodires possessed pelvic girdles with long basipterygia that articulated distally with an additional cartilaginous element or series, as in chondrichthyans, indicating that the pelvic fin was used in copulation. As homology between similar pelvic girdle skeletal structures in ptyctodontids, arthrodires and chondrichthyans is difficult to reconcile in the light of current phylogenies of lower gnathostomes, we explain these similarities as being most likely due to convergence (homoplasy). These new finds confirm that reproduction by internal fertilization and viviparity was much more widespread in the earliest gnathostomes than had been previously appreciated.

Development of teeth and jaws in the earliest jawed vertebrates

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 17-10-2012

DOI: 10.1038/NATURE11555

Abstract: Teeth and jaws constitute a model of the evolutionary developmental biology concept of modularity and they have been considered the key innovations underpinning a classic ex le of adaptive radiation. However, their evolutionary origins are much debated. Placoderms comprise an extinct sister clade or grade to the clade containing chondrichthyans and osteichthyans, and although they clearly possess jaws, previous studies have suggested that they lack teeth, that they possess convergently evolved tooth-like structures or that they possess true teeth. Here we use synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) of a developmental series of Compagopiscis croucheri (Arthrodira) to show that placoderm jaws are composed of distinct cartilages and gnathal ossifications in both jaws, and a dermal element in the lower jaw. The gnathal ossification is a composite of distinct teeth that developed in succession, polarized along three distinct vectors, comparable to tooth families. The teeth are composed of dentine and bone, and show a distinct pulp cavity that is infilled centripetally as development proceeds. This pattern is repeated in other placoderms, but differs from the structure and development of tooth-like structures in the postbranchial lamina and dermal skeleton of Compagopiscis and other placoderms. We interpret this evidence to indicate that Compagopiscis and other arthrodires possessed teeth, but that tooth and jaw development was not developmentally or structurally integrated in placoderms. Teeth did not evolve convergently among the extant and extinct classes of early jawed vertebrates but, rather, successional teeth evolved within the gnathostome stem-lineage soon after the origin of jaws. The chimaeric developmental origin of this model of modularity reflects the distinct evolutionary origins of teeth and of component elements of the jaws.

Use of biomarker distributions and compound specific isotopes of carbon and hydrogen to delineate hydrocarbon characteristics in the East Sirte Basin (Libya)

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2010

DOI: 10.1016/J.ORGGEOCHEM.2010.05.011

Famennian survivor turiniid thelodonts of North and East Gondwana

Publisher: Geological Society of London

Date: 10-06-2015

DOI: 10.1144/SP423.3

Late Silurian vertebrate microfossils from the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 27-02-2019

DOI: 10.1080/03115518.2019.1566496

MICROVERTEBRATE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF UPPER DEVONIAN (FRASNIAN) CARBONATE ROCKS IN THE CANNING AND CARNARVON BASINS OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1475-4983.2009.00870.X

Response to Friedman and Brazeau

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 04-12-2007

DOI: 10.1098/RSBL.2007.0553

Live birth in the Devonian period

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 05-2008

DOI: 10.1038/NATURE06966

Abstract: The extinct placoderm fishes were the dominant group of vertebrates throughout the Middle Palaeozoic era, yet controversy about their relationships within the gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates) is partly due to different interpretations of their reproductive biology. Here we document the oldest record of a live-bearing vertebrate in a new ptyctodontid placoderm, Materpiscis attenboroughi gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation of Australia (approximately 380 million years ago). The new specimen, remarkably preserved in three dimensions, contains a single, intra-uterine embryo connected by a permineralized umbilical cord. An amorphous crystalline mass near the umbilical cord possibly represents the recrystallized yolk sac. Another ptyctodont from the Gogo Formation, Austroptyctodus gardineri, also shows three small embryos inside it in the same position. Ptyctodontids have already provided the oldest definite evidence for vertebrate copulation, and the new specimens confirm that some placoderms had a remarkably advanced reproductive biology, comparable to that of some modern sharks and rays. The new discovery points to internal fertilization and viviparity in vertebrates as originating earliest within placoderms.

Three-Dimensional Synchrotron Virtual Paleohistology: A New Insight into the World of Fossil Bone Microstructures

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 10-2012

DOI: 10.1017/S1431927612001079

Abstract: The recent developments of phase-contrast synchrotron imaging techniques have been of great interest for paleontologists, providing three-dimensional (3D) tomographic images of anatomical structures, thereby leading to new paleobiological insights and the discovery of new species. However, until now, it has not been used on features smaller than 5–7 μm voxel size in fossil bones. Because much information is contained within the 3D histological architecture of bone, including an ontogenetic record, crucial for understanding the paleobiology of fossil species, the application of phase-contrast synchrotron tomography to bone at higher resolutions is potentially of great interest. Here we use this technique to provide new 3D insights into the submicron-scale histology of fossil and recent bones, based on the development of new pink-beam configurations, data acquisition strategies, and improved processing tools. Not only do the scans reveal by nondestructive means all of the major features of the histology at a resolution comparable to that of optical microscopy, they provide 3D information that cannot be obtained by any other method.

Copulation in antiarch placoderms and the origin of gnathostome internal fertilisation

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-10-2015

DOI: 10.1038/NATURE13825

Abstract: Reproduction in jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes) involves either external or internal fertilization. It is commonly argued that internal fertilization can evolve from external, but not the reverse. Male copulatory claspers are present in certain placoderms, fossil jawed vertebrates retrieved as a paraphyletic segment of the gnathostome stem group in recent studies. This suggests that internal fertilization could be primitive for gnathostomes, but such a conclusion depends on demonstrating that copulation was not just a specialized feature of certain placoderm subgroups. The reproductive biology of antiarchs, consistently identified as the least crownward placoderms and thus of great interest in this context, has until now remained unknown. Here we show that certain antiarchs possessed dermal claspers in the males, while females bore paired dermal plates inferred to have facilitated copulation. These structures are not associated with pelvic fins. The clasper morphology resembles that of ptyctodonts, a more crownward placoderm group, suggesting that all placoderm claspers are homologous and that internal fertilization characterized all placoderms. This implies that external fertilization and spawning, which characterize most extant aquatic gnathostomes, must be derived from internal fertilization, even though this transformation has been thought implausible. Alternatively, the substantial morphological evidence for placoderm paraphyly must be rejected.

Scale morphology of the Late Devonian palaeoniscoidMoythomasia durgaringaGardiner and Bartram, 1977

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 1999

DOI: 10.1080/03115519908619335

Syndepositional fault control on lower Frasnian platform evolution, Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Australia

Publisher: Geological Society of America

Date: 04-2009

DOI: 10.1130/G25461A.1

Placodermi Diet

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Date: 05-10-2018

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1175-1

Placoderm Morphology

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Date: 08-10-2018

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1212-1

3D Microstructural Architecture of Muscle Attachments in Extant and Fossil Vertebrates Revealed by Synchrotron Microtomography

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 26-02-2013

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0056992

Fusion in the vertebral column of the pachyosteomorph arthrodire Dunkleosteus terrelli (‘Placodermi’)

Publisher: Coquina Press

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.26879/872

Integrated stratigraphic correlation of Upper Devonian platform-to-basin carbonate sequences, Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Western Australia: Advances in carbonate margin-to-slope sequence stratigraphy and stacking patterns

Publisher: SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology)

Date: 08-09-2017

DOI: 10.2110/SEPMSP.107.10

Questioning hagfish affinities of the enigmatic Devonian vertebratePalaeospondylus

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 07-2017

DOI: 10.1098/RSOS.170214

Abstract: Palaeospondylus gunni Traquair, 1890 is an enigmatic Devonian vertebrate whose taxonomic affinities have been debated since it was first described. Most recently, Palaeospondylus has been identified as a stem-group hagfish (Myxinoidea). However, one character questioning this assignment is the presence of three semicircular canals in the otic region of the cartilaginous skull, a feature of jawed vertebrates. Additionally, new tomographic data reveal that the following characters of crown-group gnathostomes (chondrichthyans + osteichthyans) are present in Palaeospondylus : a longer telencephalic region of the braincase, separation of otic and occipital regions by the otico-occipital fissure, and vertebral centra. As well, a precerebral fontanelle and postorbital articulation of the palatoquadrate are characteristic of certain chondrichthyans. Similarities in the structure of the postorbital process to taxa such as Pucap ella , and possible presence of the ventral cranial fissure, both support a resolution of Pa. gunni as a stem chondrichthyan. The internally mineralized cartilaginous skeleton in Palaeospondylus may represent a stage in the loss of bone characteristic of the Chondrichthyes.

The role of heterochrony in theevolution of eubrachythoracid arthrodires with special reference to Compagopiscis croucheri and Incisoscutum ritchei from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Austr

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 1995

DOI: 10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80099-9

Early vertebrates and the emergence of jaws

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93560-7_2

A new genus and species of ptyctodont (Placodermi) from the Late Devonian Gneudna Formation, Western Australia, and an analysis of ptyctodont phylogeny

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 15-07-2009

DOI: 10.1017/S001675680900644X

Abstract: An almost complete but predominantly disarticulated ptyctodont fish, Kimbryanodus williamburyensis n. gen., n.sp. from the Late Devonian Gneudna Formation, is described. The fossils occur as three-dimensionally preserved isolated plates, and this has allowed the reconstruction of the fish. A taxonomic revision of the ptyctodonts was undertaken based on recently described Australian taxa and new reconstructions of Australian, American and European specimens. The phylogenetic analysis supports a threefold ision of the ptyctodonts, with Rh hodopsis being the most basal taxon and the other ptyctodonts ided into those possessing a median dorsal spine, spinal plate and simple V-shaped overlap of the anterior lateral and anterior dorsolateral plates and those taxa which do not.

Chondrichthyan Evolution, Diversity, and Senses

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-93560-7_4

A new genus and species of basal actinopterygian fish from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1463-6395.2008.00370.X

Stratal architecture and platform evolution of an early Frasnian syn-tectonic carbonate platform, Canning Basin, Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-06-2013

DOI: 10.1111/SED.12041

Exceptional preservation of nerve and muscle tissues in Late Devonian placoderm fish and their evolutionary implications

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 06-02-2007

DOI: 10.1098/RSBL.2006.0604

Abstract: In this paper, we show exceptional three-dimensionally preserved fossilized muscle tissues in 380–384 Myr old placoderm fish (Late Devonian), offering new morphological evidence supporting the hypothesis that placoderms are the sister group to all other gnathostomes. We describe the oldest soft tissue discovered in gnathostomes, which includes striated muscle fibres, circulatory and nerve tissues, preserved as phosphatized structures precipitated by microbial infilling of small, protected areas under the headshield of the arthrodire, Eastmanosteus calliaspis . Muscle impressions have also been found in the ptyctodontid, Austroptyctodus gardineri . The specimens display primitive vertebrate muscle structures in particular, shallow W-shaped muscle blocks such as those observed in l reys. New information from fossilized soft tissues thus elucidates the affinities of the placoderms and provides new insights into the evolution and radiation of gnathostomes.

New morphological information on, and species of placoderm fish Africanaspis (Arthrodira, Placodermi) from the Late Devonian of South Africa

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 05-04-2017

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0173169

Upper Kellwasser carbon isotope excursion pre-dates the F–F boundary in the Upper Devonian Lennard Shelf carbonate system, Canning Basin, Western Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.PALAEO.2015.07.035

Biomarkers reveal the role of photic zone euxinia in exceptional fossil preservation: An organic geochemical perspective

Publisher: Geological Society of America

Date: 02-2013

DOI: 10.1130/G33492.1

Mineralization of the Callorhinchus Vertebral Column (Holocephali; Chondrichthyes)

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Date: 26-11-2020

DOI: 10.3389/FGENE.2020.571694

Abstract: Members of the Chondrichthyes (Elasmobranchii and Holocephali) are distinguished by their largely cartilaginous endoskeletons, which comprise an uncalcified core overlain by a mineralized layer in the Elasmobranchii (sharks, skates, rays) most of this mineralization takes the form of calcified polygonal tiles known as tesserae. In recent years, these skeletal tissues have been described in ever increasing detail in sharks and rays, but those of Holocephali (chimaeroids) have been less well-studied, with conflicting accounts as to whether or not tesserae are present. During embryonic ontogeny in holocephalans, cervical vertebrae fuse to form a structure called the synarcual. The synarcual mineralizes early and progressively, anteroposteriorly and dorsoventrally, and therefore presents a good skeletal structure in which to observe mineralized tissues in this group. Here, we describe the development and mineralization of the synarcual in an adult and stage 36 elephant shark embryo ( Callorhinchus milii ). Small, discrete, but irregular blocks of cortical mineralization are present in stage 36, similar to what has been described recently in embryos of other chimaeroid taxa such as Hydrolagus , while in Callorhinchus adults, the blocks of mineralization are more irregular, but remain small. This differs from fossil members of the holocephalan crown group ( Edaphodon ), as well as from stem group holocephalans (e.g., Symmorida, Helodus , Iniopterygiformes), where tesserae are notably larger than in Callorhinchus and show similarities to elasmobranch tesserae, for ex le with respect to polygonal shape.

Late Devonian carbonate magnetostratigraphy from the Oscar and Horse Spring Ranges, Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Western Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.EPSL.2014.10.054

Evolution of Vertebrate Reproduction

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Date: 31-12-2018

DOI: 10.1017/9781316832172.013

The Gogo Formation Lagerstätte: a view of Australia's first great barrier reef

Publisher: Geological Society of London

Date: 23-11-2022

DOI: 10.1144/JGS2021-105

Correlation and Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretations of Upper Devonian Carbonate Slope Facies Using Carbon Isotope Chemostratigraphy, Lennard Shelf, Canning Basin, Western Australia

Publisher: SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology)

Date: 08-09-2017

DOI: 10.2110/SEPMSP.107.09

A new actinopterygian from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-12-2018

DOI: 10.1002/SPP2.1243

Evolution of vertebrate postcranial complexity: axial skeleton regionalization and paired appendages in a Devonian jawless fish

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-07-2018

DOI: 10.1111/PALA.12379

Disarticulated acanthodian and chondrichthyan remains from the upper Middle Devonian Aztec Siltstone, southern Victoria land, Antarctica

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 04-09-2009

DOI: 10.1017/S0954102008001521

Abstract: Well-preserved vertebrate microremains are abundant in the residues from a calcareous grey siltstone in the karawaka biozone (?late Givetian) of the Aztec Siltstone at Mount Crean, Lashly Mountains, Antarctica. Acanthodians are represented by scales of acritolepid Pechoralepis juozasi sp. nov., climatiid Nostolepis sp. cf. N. gaujensis Valiukevičius, diplacanthid Milesacanthus antarctica Young & Burrow, and an undetermined acanthodiform. The acanthodian assemblage resembles those from early Frasnian carbonates of central Iran. Chondrichthyan elements in the fauna include rare teeth of Aztecodus harmsenae Long & Young and Antarctilamna prisca Young, ctenacanthoid-type scales and branchial denticles which are possibly from Antarctilamna , and scales of an indeterminate chondrichthyan. An isolated set of acanthodid acanthodiform jaws from the uppermost ‘phyllolepid’ biozone of the Aztec Siltstone at Mount Ritchie, Warren Range, Antarctica is also described.

Oxic facies and the Late Devonian mass extinction, Canning Basin, Australia

Publisher: Geological Society of America

Date: 04-2014

DOI: 10.1130/G35249.1

Fossilized ontogenies: the contribution of placoderm ontogeny to our understanding of the evolution of early gnathostomes

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-01-2014

DOI: 10.1111/PALA.12093

Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous chondrichthyans from the Fairfield Group, Canning Basin, Western Australia

Publisher: Coquina Press

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.26879/583

Ontogeny, phenotypic variation and phylogenetic implications of arthrodires from the Gogo Formation, Western Australia

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 12-09-2007

DOI: 10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[571:OPVAPI]2.0.CO;2

A review of recent discoveries of exceptionally preserved fossil fishes from the Gogo sites (Late Devonian, Western Australia)

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 03-2018

DOI: 10.1017/S1755691018000178

Abstract: Significant new material of Late Devonian Gogo Formation fish fossils is still surfacing. Collecting in the past decade has uncovered the first Gogo shark fossils ( Gogoselachus plus another new undescribed taxon), the first acanthodian ( Halmacanthodes ahlbergi ), the first coelacanth, as well as the first placoderm embryos. Recent studies have elucidated the nature of placoderm claspers, pelvic girdles, synarcuals and embryos, the structure of their teeth, a description of well-preserved muscles in placoderms, and how muscles attach to bones. Molecular biomarkers have also been identified in Gogo fossils. There are now five basal ray-fin fishes in the fauna, including one undescribed new taxon. The lungfish fauna from Gogo is the most erse known for any Devonian site, with 10 genera and 12 species. The dermal skeleton and endocast of the dipterid Rhinodipterus kimberleyensis have been described in detail from CT scans and the ontogenetic stages of neurocranium formation in Griphognathus . New specimens of the tetrapodomorph fish Gogonasus andrewsae have shed further light on its endocranium, pectoral girdle and fin. Through their exceptional preservation of both hard and varied kinds of soft tissues, the Gogo fishes remain crucial for resolving key debates on the ersification, physiology, biomechanics and phylogenetic relationships of early gnathostomes.

Structure, Growth and Histology of Gnathal Elements in Dunkleosteus (Arthrodira, Placodermi), with a Description of a New Species from the Famennian (Upper Devonian) of the Tver Region (North-Western

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 10-05-2023

DOI: 10.3390/D15050648

Abstract: A new species of Dunkleosteus, D. tuderensis sp. nov., is named based on an infragnathal from the Famennian of the Tver Region, Russia. CT scanning of the holotype revealed two high-density bony constituents comparable in position and interrelations to components described for coccosteomorph arthrodires, supported by the presence of at least two clusters of large vascular canals marking separate arterial supplies. Coccosteomorph and dunkleosteid pachyosteomorphs exhibit similar growth patterns including labio-basal depositions of vascularized bone in the infragnathals and basally in the supragnathals. In contrast to coccosteomorphs, dunkleosteid reinforcement of the occlusal margins occurred via the formation of dense osteonal bone, in parallel with resorption forming extensive lingual fossae. Active bone remodeling proceeded without a complete reworking of the primary osteonal bone structure and the original arrangement of vascular canals. Due to inconsistent anatomical terminology in gnathal elements of dunkleosteid arthrodires, a revised terminology is suggested and new terms are introduced.

The Late Devonian Gogo Formation Lägerstatte of Western Australia: exceptional early vertebrate preservation and diversity

Publisher: Annual Reviews

Date: 04-2010

DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV-EARTH-040809-152416

Abstract: The Gogo Formation of Western Australia preserves a unique Late Devonian (Frasnian) reef fauna. The exceptional three-dimensional preservation of macrofossils combined with unprecedented soft-tissue preservation (including muscle bundles, nerve cells, and umbilical structures) has yielded a particularly rich assemblage with almost 50 species of fishes described. The most significant discoveries have contributed to resolving placoderm phylogeny and elucidating their reproductive physiology. Specifically, these discoveries have produced data on the oldest known vertebrate embryos the anatomy of the primitive actinopterygian neurocranium and phylogeny of the earliest actinopterygians the histology, radiation, and plasticity of dipnoan (lungfish) dental and cranial structures the anatomy and functional morphology of the extinct onychodonts and the anatomy of the primitive tetrapodomorph head and pectoral fin.

Phenotypic plasticity, polymorphism and phylogeny within placoderms

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1463-6395.2008.00363.X

Upper Devonian microvertebrates from the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Date: 03-2015

DOI: 10.1515/AGP-2015-0003

Abstract: A erse microvertebrate fauna is described from the Virgin Hills and Napier formations, Bugle Gap Limestone Canning Basin, Western Australia. Measured sections at Horse Spring and Casey Falls (Virgin Hills Formation) and South Oscar Range (Napier Formation) comprise proximal to distal slope carbonates ranging in age from the Late Devonian Frasnian to middle Famennian. A total of 18 chondrichthyan taxa are identified based on teeth, including the first record of Thrinacodus tranquillus, Cladoides wildungensis, Protacrodus serra and Lissodus lusavorichi from the Canning Basin. A new species, Diademodus dominicus sp. nov. is also described and provides the first record of this genus outside of Laurussia. In addition, the upper range of Australolepis seddoni has been extended to Late Devonian conodont Zone 11, making it the youngest known occurrence for this species. The Virgin Hills and Napier formations microvertebrate faunas show close affinities to faunas recovered from other areas of Gondwana, including eastern Australia, Iran, Morocco and South China, which is consistent with known conodont and trilobite faunas of the same age.

A new genus of ptyctodont (Placodermi) from the Late Devonian of Baltic area

Publisher: Coquina Press

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.26879/890

A new selenosteid arthrodire ('Placodermi') from the Late devonian of Morocco

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 04-03-2015

DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2014.908896

First Shark from the Late Devonian (Frasnian) Gogo Formation, Western Australia Sheds New Light on the Development of Tessellated Calcified Cartilage (vol 10, e0126066, 2015)

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 22-06-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0131502

The significance of 24-norcholestanes, 4-methylsteranes and dinosteranes in oils and source-rocks from East Sirte Basin (Libya)

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2011

DOI: 10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2011.04.026

Pelvic claspers confirm chondrichthyan-like internal fertilization in arthrodires

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 13-07-2009

DOI: 10.1038/NATURE08176

Abstract: Recent finds demonstrate that internal fertilization and viviparity (live birth) were more widespread in the Placodermi, an extinct group of armoured fishes, than was previously realized. Placoderms represent the sister group of the crown group jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomata), making their mode(s) of reproduction potentially informative about primitive gnathostome conditions. An ossified pelvic fin basipterygium discovered in the arthrodire Incisoscutum ritchiei was hypothesized to be identical in males and females, with males presumed to have an additional cartilaginous element or series forming a clasper. Here we report the discovery of a completely ossified pelvic clasper in Incisoscutum ritchiei (WAM 03.3.28) which shows that this interpretation was incorrect: the basipterygium described previously is in fact unique to females. The male clasper is a slender rod attached to a square basal plate that articulates directly with the pelvis. It carries a small cap of dermal bone covered in denticles and small hooks that may be homologous with the much larger dermal component of the ptyctodont clasper.

Evolution and development of the synarcual in early vertebrates

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 17-07-2012

DOI: 10.1007/S00435-012-0169-9

Pelvic and reproductive structures in placoderms (stem gnathostomes)

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-06-2015

DOI: 10.1111/BRV.12118

Abstract: Newly discovered pelvic and reproductive structures within placoderms, representing some of the most crownward members of the gnathostome stem group and the most basal jawed vertebrates, challenge established ideas on the origin of the pelvic girdle and reproductive complexity. Here we critically review previous descriptions of the pelvic structures in placoderms and reinterpret the morphology of the pelvic region within the arthrodires and ptyctodonts, in particular the position of the pelvic fin and the relationship of the male clasper to the pelvic girdle. Absence of clear articular surfaces on the clasper and girdle in the Arthrodira, along with evidence from the Ptyctodontida, suggest that these are separate structures along the body. We describe similarities between the pectoral and pelvic girdles and claspers, for ex le, all these have both dermal and perichondral (cartilaginous) components. Claspers in placoderms and chondrichthyans develop in very different ways in sharks, claspers develop from the pelvic fin while the claspers in placoderms develop separately, suggesting that their independent development involved a posterior extension of the 'competent stripes' for fin development previously limited to the region between the paired pectoral and pelvic fins. Within this expanded zone, we suggest that clasper position relative to the pelvic fins was determined by genes responsible for limb position. Information on early gnathostome reproductive processes is preserved in both the Ptyctodontida and Arthrodira, including the presence of multiple embryos in pregnant females, embryos of differing sizes and of different sexes (e.g. male claspers preserved in some embyros). By comparison with chondrichthyans, these observations suggest more complex reproductive strategies in placoderms than previously appreciated.

Tectonic control on development of a Frasnian–Famennian (Late Devonian) palaeokarst surface, Canning Basin reef complexes, northwestern Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-2004

DOI: 10.1111/J.1400-0952.2004.01493.X

Discussion and reply tectonic control on development of a Frasnian – Famennian (Late Devonian) palaeokarst surface, Canning Basin reef complexes, northwestern Australia

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 08-2006

DOI: 10.1080/08120090600825045

Response to comment on “Exceptional preservation of organs in Devonian placoderms from the Gogo largerstätte”

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Date: 12-05-2023

DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.ADG3748

Abstract: Jensen et al . ( 1 ) question evidence presented of a chambered heart within placoderms, citing its small size and apparently ventral atrium. However, they fail to note the belly-up orientation of the placoderm within one nodule, and the variability of heart morphology within extant taxa. Thus, we remain confident in our interpretation of the mineralized organ as the heart.

Exceptional preservation of organs in Devonian placoderms from the Gogo lagerstätte

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Date: 16-09-2022

DOI: 10.1126/SCIENCE.ABF3289

Abstract: The origin and early ersification of jawed vertebrates involved major changes to skeletal and soft anatomy. Skeletal transformations can be examined directly by studying fossil stem gnathostomes however, preservation of soft anatomy is rare. We describe the only known ex le of a three-dimensionally mineralized heart, thick-walled stomach, and bilobed liver from arthrodire placoderms, stem gnathostomes from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation in Western Australia. The application of synchrotron and neutron microtomography to this material shows evidence of a flat S-shaped heart, which is well separated from the liver and other abdominal organs, and the absence of lungs. Arthrodires thus show the earliest phylogenetic evidence for repositioning of the gnathostome heart associated with the evolution of the complex neck region in jawed vertebrates.

A review of Australia’s Mesozoic fishes

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 03-03-2020

DOI: 10.1080/03115518.2019.1701078

Re-regeneration to reduce negative effects associated with tail loss in lizards

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 10-12-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-55231-6

Abstract: Many species of lizard use caudal autotomy, the ability to self- utate a portion of their tail, regenerated over time, as an effective anti-predation mechanism. The importance of this tactic for survival depends on the degree of predation risk. There are, however, negative trade-offs to losing a tail, such as loss of further autotomy opportunities with the regenerated tail vertebrae being replaced by a continuous cartilaginous rod. The common consensus has been that once a tail has been autotomised and regenerated it can only be autotomised proximal to the last vertebral autotomy point, as the cartilage rod lacks autotomy planes. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that although the regenerated portion of the tail is unable to autotomise, it can re-regenerate following a physical shearing event. We assessed re-regeneration in three populations of the King’s skink ( Egernia kingii ), a large lizard endemic to south-west Western Australia and surrounding islands. We show that re-regeneration is present at an average of 17.2% across the three populations, and re-regenerated tissue can comprise up to 23.3% of an in idual’s total tail length. The ability to re-regenerate may minimise the costs to an in idual’s fitness associated with tail loss, efficiently restoring ecological functions of the tail.

Curtin University

Location: Australia

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University Of Western Australia

Location: Australia

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Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP110101127

Start Date: 08-2011

End Date: 03-2017

Amount: $710,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP200103219

Start Date: 2020

End Date: 12-2023

Amount: $418,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP220100825

Start Date: 10-2022

End Date: 09-2025

Amount: $507,060.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP1092870

Start Date: 07-2010

End Date: 12-2015

Amount: $370,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP140104161

Start Date: 06-2014

End Date: 12-2018

Amount: $347,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE100100217

Start Date: 2010

End Date: 05-2011

Amount: $450,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE120100095

Start Date: 01-2012

End Date: 12-2013

Amount: $620,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE110100119

Start Date: 07-2011

End Date: 12-2012

Amount: $370,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE200100122

Start Date: 08-2020

End Date: 08-2021

Amount: $620,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council